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Hans Geuns' Basic Shogi Vocabulary

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  1. General Terms
    1. Shogi and Shogi variants
    2. Playing equipment
      1. Shogi set and other utensils
      2. Artisans and materials
      3. Script
    3. The Shogi board
    4. Pieces
    5. Games
    6. Victory and defeat
    7. Abbreviations in game scores
  2. Tsume Shogi
    1. Mate and brinkmate
    2. Tsume Shogi
    3. Mate compositions
      1. Compositions
      2. Special techniques
      3. Classics
  3. Moves and movements
    1. Moves
    2. Movements
      1. Simple movements and actions
      2. Drops and promotion
      3. Single pieces
      4. Capture, exchange and sacrifices
  4. Strategy and tactics
    1. General terms
    2. Systems and variations
    3. Opening strategies
      1. Static rook
      2. Ranging rook
      3. Yagura
      4. Surprise openings
    4. Castles
      1. Mino group
      2. Yagura group
      3. Other castles
    5. Tesuji
  5. Position and development
    1. Position
      1. Overall position
      2. Single points
      3. Single pieces
    2. Development
      1. Begin, middle, end
      2. Developments
      3. Opportunity and danger
      4. Success and failure
  6. Attack and defence
    1. Attack
    2. Defence
  7. Analysis
    1. Common terms
    2. Diagrams
    3. Comparison
    4. Evaluation
      1. Positive
      2. Negative
  8. Psychology
    1. Feelings
    2. Thoughts
  9. Professional Shogi
    1. Organization
    2. Periodicals of the J.S.F
    3. Teacher and pupil
    4. Ranking
    5. Title matches and tournaments
      1. Major matches and tournaments
      2. Setting
      3. Time keeping
    6. Special awards
  10. Shogi proverbs
    1. Gyoku/King
    2. Fu/Pawn
    3. Kei to kyoo/Knight and Lance
    4. Kin to gin/Gold and Silver
    5. Hi to kaku/Rook and Bishop
    6. Other
  1. Index
©1995 Copyright Hans Geuns.
You are free to copy, print and distribute these files if and only if the copyright notice and *this* permission notice is distributed with all copies.
Any distribution of the files must take place without a financial return, except a charge to cover the cost of the distribution medium.

Abbreviations

hon.honorary
iv intransitive verb
iv:tv verb pair, the first verb intransitive, the second transitive
Jap. Japanese
JSF Japan Shogi Federation
lit. literally
n noun
obs. obsolete
opp. opposite
p. page; piece
posth. posthumous
v verb
ZK Shoogi Zukoo, problem number --
(-) dummy verb "suru" can be added

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1) General Terms

1.1) Shogi and Shogi variants

$B>-4}(Bshoogi Shogi; game; style
$B>]5:(BshoogiShogi (old way of writing this word)
$B>-4}$r;X$9(Bshoogi o sasuplay Shogi
$B>-4}F;(Bshoogidoothe Way of Shogi
$B>-4}F;>l(BshoogidoojooShogi playing hall
$B>-4}$NF|(Bshoogi no hiShogi day (November 17th)
$BCf>-4}(Bchuu shoogiMiddle Shogi (12x12 board, 92 pieces)
$BBg>-4}(Bdai shoogiGreat Shogi (15x15 board, 130 pieces)
$BBgBg>-4}(Bdai-dai shoogiGreat-Great Shogi (17x17 board, 92 pieces)
$B%^%+BgBg>-4}(B maka dai-dai shoogi Ultra-Great-Great Shogi (19x19 board, 192 pieces)
$BB@>-4}(B tai shoogi Grand Shogi (25x25 board, 354 pieces; the biggest existing chesstype game)
$BD;>-4}(B tori shoogi Tori (Bird) Shogi (7x7 board, 32 pieces)
$BE7<3>-4}(B tenjiku shoogi Tenjiku (Indian) Shogi (16x16 board, 156 pieces)
$BAa;X$7>-4}(B hayasashishoogi quick Shogi
$BD6Aa;X$7>-4}(B choosoosashishoogi lightning Shogi
$B%j%l!<>-4}(B riree shoogi relay Shogi (4 players)
$B$D$$$?$F>-4}(B tsuitate shoogi screen Shogi (blind Shogi)
$BDL?.>-4}(B tsuushin shoogi postal Shogi
$B4}3&(B kikai the Shogi world
$B4};N(B kishi Shogi player (pro)
$B4}E((B kiteki opponent
$B4}Ih(B kifu game record
$B4}Iw(B kifuu Shogi style
$B4}NO(B kiryoku Shogi strength
$B4}M}(B kiri Shogi theory
$B%"%^(B, $B%"%^%A%e%"(B ama, amachua amateur
$B%W%m(B, $B%W%m%U%'%7%)%J%k(B puro, purofeshonaru pro, professional
$B=i?4 shoshinsha beginner
$B=i5i shokyuusha beginning kyu player
$BM-CJ yuudansha dan player
$B0l5i(B~$B6e5i(B ikkyuu-kyuukyuu 1st-9th kyu (player) (lower grades)
$B=iCJ(B~$B6eCJ(B shodan-kudan 1st-9th dan (player) (higher grades)

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1.2) Playing equipment

1.2.1) Shogi set and other utensils

$B4}6q(B kigu playing equipment
$B>-4}HW%;%C%H(B shoogiban setto the Shogi board and set
$BHW(B ban board
$B6p(B koma piece(s)
$B6pBf(B komadai stand
$B6pB^(B komafukuro bag for pieces
$B6pH"(B komahako box for pieces
$BOFB)(B kyoosoku armrest
$B6M38(B kiributa paulownia cover (for big board)
$B;~7W(B tokei clock
$B%A%'%9%/%m%C%/(B chesu-kurokku chess clock

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1.2.2) Artisans and materials

$B6p;U(B komashi master woodworker
$B6pLC(B komamei signature of artisan (at the side of the king)
$B=q2H(B shoka calligrapher
$B:`(B -zai -wood
$BK\$D$2(B hontsuge real Japanese boxwood
$B$5$D$^$D$2(B Satsuma tsuge Satsuma boxwood
$B$_$/$iEg$D$2(B Mikurajima tsuge boxwood from Mikurajima (a very small island 200 km south of Tokyo)
$B$+$d(B kaya kaya (Torreya nucifera)
$BK\>lJ*(B hombamono the real thing (kaya from Miyazaki prefecture)
$BDX(B tsubaki camellia
$B6d0I(B ichoo gingko, maidenhair tree (Gingka bilboa)
$B7K(B katsura Japanese Judas tree (Cercidiphyllum Jap.)
$B$1$d$-(B keyaki keyaki (Zelkova serrata)
$B6M(B kiri paulownia
$B7,(B kuwa mulberry
$B$^$5(B($BL\(B) masa(me) straight grain
$BHDL\(B itame curved grain
$B@V$^$5(B akamasa red grain
$BE7CO$^$5(B tenchimasa Heaven-and-Earth grain
$B;e$^$5(B itosama fine grain (smaller than 1mm)
$B8W$U(B torafu tiger stripes (thick, wavy, reddish lines)
$BD&6p(B horigoma engraved pieces
$BD&$^$$6p(B choomai-goma pieces engraved and filled with lacquer
$B@9>e(B moriage intaglio repeatedly filled with lacquer
$B%P%s%?%m6p(B bantarogoma pieces on which the name is written with brush (inferior)

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1.2.3) Script

$B=qBN(B shotai (style of) script
$B=q$;$-(B shoseki handwriting (specimen)
$B6S4z(B kinki imperial standard
$B?eL5@%(B minase minase
$B8;J?(B genpei genpei (genji and heike; (name black; promotion name red)
$B8;J<1R@60B(B genbei kiyoyasu genbei kiyoyasu
$B:Y;z$N@60B(B saiji no kiyoyasu small character kiyoyasu
$B4,$N$j$g$&8P(B maki no ryooko maki no ryooko (famous calligrapher in latter Tokugawa days)
$BD9$m$/(B chooroku chooroku

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1.3) The Shogi board

$BHWLL!"IhLL(B banmen, fumen board (surface)
$B%^%9L\(B masume square
$BCOE@(B chiten field, square
$B;ME72&(B shitennoo the four Heavenly Kings (the four dots on the Shogi board)
$B<+?X(B jijin own camp
$BE(?X(B tekijin opponent`s camp
$BCJ(B dan rank (horizontal)
$BCfCJ(B chuudan centre rank(s)
$B2 gedan back rank
$B0lCJL\(B~$B6eCJL\(B ichidamme-kyuudamme 1st rank - 9th rank
$B6Z(B suji file; diagonal
$B0l6Z(B~$B6e6Z(B ichi suji-kyuu suji 1st file - 9th file
$BCf1{(B chuuoo centre
$BC<(B hashi edge
$B%9%_!J6y!K(B sumi corner
$B%;$C%A%s(B setchin corner square(s) (lit. watercloset)
$BHt!J hi(sha)saki rook file; rook pawn
$B3Q6Z!"3QF;(B kakusuji, kakumichi bishop`s diagonal

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1.4) Pieces

$B2&>-!"2&(B ooshoo, oo king
$B6L>-!"6L(B gyokushoo, gyoku king (Jade General)
$BHthisha, hi Rook (Flying Chariot)
$B3Q9T!"3Q(B kakugyoo, kaku Bishop (Horned Chariot)
$B6b>-!"6b(B kinshoo, kin Gold (Gold General)
$B6d>-!"6d(B ginshoo, gin Silver (Silver General)
$B7KGO!"7K(B keima, kei Knight (Laurel Horse)
$B9akyoosha, kyoo Lance (Fragrant Chariot)
$BJbJfuhyoo, fu Pawn (Foot soldier)
$B@.(B~$B!"%J%j(B~ nari- promoted-
$B$H6b!"$H(B tokin, to tokin, promoted pawn
$BN52&!"N5(B ryuuoo, ryuu Dragon (Dragon King), promoted rook
$BN5GO!"GO(B ryuume, uma Horse (Dragon Horse), promoted bishop
$B;}6p!"mochigoma, tegoma pieces in hand
$BCV6p!"HW6p(B okigoma, bangoma pieces on the board
$BBg6p(B oogoma major pieces (rook and bishop)
$B>.6p(B kogoma minor pieces (all pieces except king, rook and bishop)
$BD76p(B tobigoma long range pices (rook, bishop, knight, lance)
~$BKg(B -mai counter for pieces
~$BCz(B -choo counter for rooks

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1.5) Games

$B6I!"BP6I(B kyoku, taikyoku game
$B$*9%$_BP6I(B o-konomi taikyoku friendly game
$B;XF3BP6I(B shidoo taikyoku teaching game, simultaneous game
$BN}=,BP6I(B renshuu taikyoku practise game
$B@o!"BP@o(B sen, taisen game, fight; match
$BAj aite, teki opponent
$B?6$j6p(B furigoma toss (by throwing five pawns)
$B@h sente Black; sente, the initiative
$B8e gote White; gote, giving the initiative to the opponent
$B teban turn to play
$BJ? hiratesen even game
$B6pMn@o(B koma'ochisen handicap game
~$BMn$A(B -ochi -handicap
$BFsKgMn$A(B nimai ochi two piece handicap
$BJ?9a8rMn(B hira-kyoo-majiriochi alternating even game with lance handicap (obs.)
$B>e uwate handicap giver
$B2< shitate handicap taker

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1.6) Victory and defeat

$B5M$`(B tsumu mate (v.)
$BB(5M$_(B sokuzumi forced mate
$B@iF| sennichite draw by repetition of moves
$BF~6L(B nyuugyoku entering king
$B;}>-4}(B jishoogi impasse
$B>!$D(B katsu win
$B>!$A!">!Mx(B kachi, shoori victory
$B>!Ii(B shoobu victory or defeat, a game
$B>!Ii shoobute an interesting move in a disadvantageous position on which one wagers the outcome of the game
$B>!GT(B shoohai victory or defeat, the issue (of the game)
$BI,>!(B hisshoo sure win
$B40>!(B kanshoo complete victory
$B3Z>!!"2w>!(B rakushoo, kaishoo easy, quick victory
$BO">!(B renshoo winning streak
$B>!N((B shooritsu winning percentage
$B>!5!(B shooki opportunity to win
$B>!L\!J$J$7!K(B kachime (nashi) (there are no) chances of winning
$B>!@1(B kachiboshi winning mark (O in the table of results)
$B?I>!(B shinshoo narrow victory
$BM%>!$r>~$k(B yuushoo o kazaru win the championship
$B>!0x(B shoo'in cause of victory
$BIi$1$k(B makeru loss, be defeated
$BIi$1(B make loss, defeat
$BH?B'Ii$1(B hansoku make loss because of an illegal move
$BL^O@Ii$1(B mochiron make automatic loss (illegal move)
$BIi$+$9(B makasu defeat (v)
$BGT!J@o!K(B hai(sen) defeat
$BGTKL(B(-) haiboku defeat
$BGTCe(B haichaku losing move
$BGT0x(B hai'in cause of defeat
$BGT$k(B yaburu defeat (vt)
$B7A:n$j(B katachizukuri settling the shape, finding a place to resign
$B$"$-$i$a$k(B akirameru give up; resign
$BEjN;(B(-) tooryoo resignation
$BEj$2>l(B nageba point of resigning
$B9_Iz(B(-) koofuku resignation
$B9_$k!(9_$9(B kudaru; kudasu surrender; defeat (vi; vt)

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1.7) Abbreviations in game scores

$BBG(B uchi drops
$B@.(B nari promotes
$BIT@.(B narazu does not promote
$B@8(B narazu does not promote
$B>e(B agaru moves up
$B0z(B hiku draws back
$B:8(B hidari from the left
$B1&(B migi from the right
$B4s(B yoru moves sideways (horizontal)
$BD>(B sugu moves straight (vertical)
$BF~(B hairu enters the promotionzone
$BF1(B doo takes (and moves to the square just mentioned)
$B9g(B au; ai interposes any piece (only used in solutions of Tsume Shogi)

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2) Tsume Shogi

2.1) Mate and brinkmate

$B5M$`(B tsumu mate(v), be checkmated
$B5M$_(B tsumi mate(n)
$B5M$_>e$,$j(B tsumi-agari checkmating
$BB(5M$_(B sokuzumi forced mate
$BBGJb5M$_(B uchifuzumi mate with pawn drop (illegal)
$BFMJb5M$_(B tsukifuzumi mate with pawn push
$B5M$^$9(B tsumasu mate (v)
$B5M$a$m(B $B!J5M$a$h!K(B tsumero (tsume yo) threatmate
$B5M$a$m$r$+$1$k(B tsumero o kakeru threaten mate
$B5M$a(B tsume tsume, mating problem
$B5Mtsumete, chakushu the first checking move
$BIT5M(B fuzume, tsumazu (there is) no mate
$BI,;`(B hisshi brinkmate, hisshi
$BI,;`$,$+$+$k(B hisshi ga kakeru set up a brinkmate
$B;`$L(B shinu die
$B%H%s;`(B tonshi sudden death
$B;D$k(B nokoru remain, be spared

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2.2) Tsume Shogi

$B5M>-4}(B tsume shoogi Tsume Shogi, checkmate problems
$B;X>-4}(B sashi shoogi game Shogi (as opposite of Tsume Shogi)
$B-4}(B shukoo tsume shoogi mate compositions (with additional restrictions or special devices)
$BBgF;5M>-4}(B daidoo tsume shoogi Street Tsume Shogi (e.g. in popular city districts)
$Bjissenkei tsume actual game type problem
$B9=A[7?5M(B koosookei tsume ideal type problem (opp. of actual game type)
$B5MJ*!"?^<0(B tsumemono, zushiki checkmate problem
$B:nJ*(B tsukurimono checkmate problem
$B8EE5?^<0(B koten zushiki classic problem
$B8E:nJ*(B kosakubutsu ancient problem (usually without known author)
$B:n sakusha maker, author
$B:nIJ!"AO:n(B sakuhin, soosaku work, product, creation
$B40A4:n(B kanzensaku complete (indefective) problem
$BIT40A4:n(B fukanzensaku defective problem
$BEp:n(B toosaku stolen problem, plagiarism
$BN`;w:n(B ruijisaku similar problem (strongly resembling an existing problem)
$B:n0U(B sakui the intended mating sequence
$BLd!"LdBj(B mon, mondai problem
$B8uJd koohote candidate moves
$B2rEz(B kaitoo answer, solution
$B@52r(B seikai correct solution
$B2r@b(B kaisetsu explanation
$B5M>e$j?^(B tsumi-agarizu mate diagram
$B6LJ}!"gyokugate, ukekata the king's side, defending side
$B96J}(B semekata the attacking side
$B=i7A(B shokei original position
$B6pG[$j(B komakubari startposition of the pieces
$BCV6p!"HW6p(B okigoma, bangoma pieces on the board
$B;}6p!"mochigoma, tegoma pieces in hand
$B>~$j6p(B kazarigoma embellishing pieces (without function in the mating sequence)
$B tesuu number of moves
$B te-ippai using all pieces in hand
$B$j(B te-amari still having pieces in hand (after mating)
$B6pM>$j(B koma-amari id.
$BIz@~ fukusenshu preparation move
$BB(5M$a!"DI$$5M$a(B sokuzume, oizume straight and (too) simple mate (problem)
$BK\5M!"K\ honzume, hontejun the proper mating sequence
$BJL5M(B betsuzume different mate
$BM>5M(B yozume additional mate (defective problem)
$BAa5M(B hayazume earlier mate (flawed problem or wrong solution)
$BJQ2=(B henka variation
$BJQ2=D9henka chootesuu longer variation (mate delayed by interposing pieces, but actual mate is the same)
$BJQ99(B henkoo variation (alternative first move; should not result in mate)

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2.3) Mate compositions

2.3.1) Compositions

$B6J5M(B kyokuzume mate composition
$BHWLL6J5M(B bammen kyokuzume Board Composition (problem diagr. shows a character, figure or letter)
$B%"%V%j=P$76J5M(B aburidashi kyokuzume Invisible Ink Composition (mating diagr. shows a figure or letter)
$BN)BN5M(B rittaizume Three dimensional Tsume (both bammen en aburidashi kyokuzume {rare})
$BMg6L(B ragyoku, hadakagyoku Naked King (first example by Ito Kanju, Z.K. 98)
$B4T856L(B kangengyoku Original Position King (king is mated on his original square)
$B1l5M(B kemurizume Smoke Tsume (problem shows 39 p. on the board; solution shows only 3 p.) (first example by Ito Kanju, Z.K. 99) (very rare)
$B6p0lB7$$5M(B komahitosoroizume One of Each (problem shown one of each of the p., attacking side has no pieces in hand)
$BET5M(B miyakozume Mate in the Capital (5e)
$B$?$9$-5M(B tasukizume X Tsume (mating diagr. shows X-shape; tasuki, a cord used for tucking up kimono sleeves)
$BF&Ie?^<0(B toofu zushiki Tofu Problem (problem diagr. shows only king, pawns and tokins)
$BHt3Q?^<0(B hikaku zushiki Rook and Bishop Problem
$B>.6p?^<0(B kogoma zushiki Minor Pieces Problem
$B6b6d?^<0(B kingin zushiki Gold and Silver Problem
$BIOK3?^<0(B bimboo zushiki Poor Man`s Problem (without any gold or silver)
$BL5KIHw?^<0(B muboobi zushiki No Defence Problem (problem diagr. shows only king and p. of the attacking side)
$BL5;E3]?^<0(B mushikake zushiki No Foothold Problem (attacking side has no pieces on the board; extreme version is the Naked King)
$BL53]?^<0(B mugakari zushiki id.
$B@P3@?^<0(B ishigaki zushiki Stone Wall Problem (king completely walled in in the mating diagr.)
$B?X7??^<0(B jinkei zushiki Original Formation Problem (all White's p. on the first rank occupy the same position as at the start of a game) (first example by Ito Kanju, Z.K. 97) (very rare)
$B40A4 kanzen jissen shokei Complete Original Formation Problem (all White's p. occupy the same position as at the start of a game) (first example by Naito Kunio) (extremely rare)

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2.3.2) Special techniques

$BGm$7(B hagashi rip off (the device of over and again taking away pieces around the king at the same squares)
$BO" rentori successively taking pieces with rook or bishop (at different squares)
$B;}6pJQ49(B mochigoma-henkan exchanging pieces in hand for pieces on the board
$BGO%N%3!J5x!K(B uma-noko(giri) Horse Saw (moving zig-zag in order to take a piece at the other side of the board, while continuing to give check)
$BN5DI$$(B ryuu-oi Dragon Chase (hunting the king all over the board with the dragon)

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2.3.3) Classics

$B;0Be0KF#=!4G(B Sandai Itoo Sookan Ito Sokan III (7th Meijin) (1706-1761)
$B0KF#4GItoo Kanju Ito Kanju (posth. Meijin) (1719-1760), younger brother of Ito Sokan III
$B>-4}L5AP(B Shoogi Musoo Unparalleled Shogi Problems (Ito Sokan III's classical masterpiece, in 1735 offered to the shogun as Shoogi Tsukurimono, Shogi Problems)
$B5M$`$d5M$^$6$k$d(B Tsumu ya tsumazaru ya Mate or No Mate? (alternative, popular title of Shoogi Musoo)
$B>-4}?^9*(B Shoogi Zukoo Ingenious Shogi Problems (Ito Kanju`s genial masterpiece in 1756 offered to the shogun as Shoogi Zushiki, Shogi Problems)
$B Kotobuki Long Life (Z.K. 100, a 611 move tsume, made by Kanju when he was 13 years old; not surpassed until 1955)

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3) Moves and movements

3.1) Moves

$B te move; tempo
$B0l itte a move; the only move; one tempo
$B0litte no itte move-by-move (endgame)
$Btsugi no itte the next move; next move problem
$BA@$$$N0lnerai no itte the intended move
$B;0san-te hitokumi a three move combination
$B0litte suki one move (tempo) breathing space (endgame)
$B teban turn to play
$B tesuu number of moves
$Btegotae, ooshu answer
$B tejun sequence of moves
$Btejun zengo reverse order of moves (usually wrong)
$Btesuji, suji tactics, tactical move, (standard) combination
$B tenuki move elsewhere
$B tezukuri creating moves
$B tezumari Zugzwang, being short of moves
$B tebyooshi reflex moves
$B temachi waiting move
$B!$A(B tekachi winning by one move (tempo), winning the semeai
$B tedoku gain of tempo
$B tezon loss of tempo
$B teokure lagging a move behind
$B=i shote first move
$B6X kinte illegal move
$BIu$8 fuujite sealed move
$BKI booshu defence move
$B96 kooshu attacking move
$B2& oote check
$B3+$-2&aki-oote discovered check
$B2&ootebisha fork on king and rook
$B=`2&jun-ootebisha indirect fork on king and rook (bishop pinning down the rook)
$BO"B32&renzoku oote successive checks
$BN>2& ryoo-oote double check
$BK\ honte the proper move
$B>!Ii shoobute the game move (interesting move in a disadvantageous position on which one wagers the outcome of the game)
$B?7 shinshu new move
$B>o<1 jooshiki te common sense move
$B$7$c$l$?shareta te stylish move
$BHk hishu concealed, hidden move
$B@dBP zettaishu forced move
$B9% kooshu good move
$B0- akushu bad move
$BBg0- daiakushu blunder
$B:GA1 saizenshu the best move
$B@d9%$N0lkekkoo no itte the best move
$B7Z keishu light move
$B6/ kyooshu forcing move; strong move
$B9* kooshu ingenious move
$B%O%a hamete trick move, trap
$B54 kishu devilish move
$BL/ myooshu splendid, brilliant move
$BHyL/bimyooshu (very) subtle move
$B@dL/ zetsumyooshu absolutely brilliant move
$B4q kishu strange (dubious) move; surprise move
$B5?Ld gimonte dubious (bad) move
$BB/ zoku-te vulgar move
$B4K$$ yurui te slack, weak move
$BCe!"0lCe(B chaku, itchaku (one) move
$B@5Ce(B seichaku the correct move
$BGTCe(B haichaku losing move
$B>!Ce(B shoochaku winning move

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3.2) Movements

3.2.1) Simple movements and actions

$B;X$9(B sasu play; move
$B;X$7sashite move (n)
$B;X$72s$7(Bsashimawashiplaying (around), actions
$B;X$7J}(B sashikataway of playing
$B;X$72a$.(Bsashisugioverplay
$B;X$7@Z$j(Bsashikiribeing out of moves
$B;X$7D>$9(Bsashinaosuplay a new game (after a sennichite)
$B;X$;$k(B saseru have a satisfactory game (better than opponent)
$BF0$/(B ugoku move; come into action
$BF0$-(B ugoki move(ment); action
$B9TF0(B(-)koodoo movements, action
$B=PF0(B(-)shutsudoomobilization, action
$BN)$D(B tatsu set up, place
$BN)$AD>$9(Btachinaosureposition
$B?x$($k(B sueru place
$B?x$($D$1$k(Bsuetsukeruplace, set up
$B$+$+$k!($+$1$k(Bkakaru; kakeruplace, start, attack, move (vi; vt)
$BJB$V(B narabu line up (the pieces at the beginning of a game)
$B5o$k(B iru remain, stay
$B9T$/(B iku go
$BMh$k(B kuru come
$B>e$,$k!(>e$2$k(Bagaru; agerugo up; take, bring up (vi; vt)
$B2<$,$k!(2<$2$k(Bsagaru; sagerugo down; bring down (vi; vt)
$B2<$m$9(B orosu bring, pull down
$BMn$A$k!(Mn$H$9(Bochiru; otosucome down; bring down (vi; vt)
$B4s$k(B yoru move sideways; approach the king, bring the king near mate
$B=P$k!(=P$9(Bderu; dasugo out; send out (vi; vt)
$BF~$k!(F~$l$k(Bhairu; irerugo in, enter; send, put in (vi; vt)
~$B=P$9(B -dasu (verb)-out
~$B9~$`(B -komu (verb)-in
$B?J$`(B susumu advance, develop
$B0z$/(B hiku retreat, pull back
$BLa$k!(La$9(Bmodoru; modosureturn (vi; vt)
$B0z$-La$9(Bhikimodosureturn to
$BB`$/(B hiku; shirizokuretreat
$BB`=P$9$k(Btaishutsu sururetreat
$B8eB`$9$k(Bkootai sururetreat
$B6a$E$/(B chikazukuapproach, come closer
$B6a$E$1$k(Bchikazukerulet (make) approach
$B1s$6$+$k(Btoozakarustay at a distance, stay away from
$B1s$6$1$k(Btoozakerukeep (put) at a distance
$B$X$3$^$9!J1z$^$9!K(B hekomasudent, make hollow
$B5M$^$k!(5M$a$k(Btsumaru; tsumeru become shorter; shorten (the edge by pushing the pawn to the 6th rank) (vi; vt)
$B@9$j>e$2$k(Bmoriagerubuild up (high)
$BD`$j>e$2$k(Btsuri-agerudraw up, hook up
$BD_$j=P$9(Btsuri-dasuentice out, lure out
$B0z$CD%$k(Bhipparu draw, pull
$B0z$CD%$j=P$9(Bhippari-dasudraw, pull out (into)
$BH4$/(B nuku pull out; move elsewhere (also: take, capture)
$BH4$1=P$k(Bnuke-derucome out (of)
$BDI$&(B ou chase, follow, pursue
$BDI$$=P$9!(DI$$$d$k(B oidasu; oiyaruchase off
$BF($2$k(B nigeru run away, escape
$BF($l$k(B nogareruescape
$B8~$&(B mukau confront, oppose
$B9g$o$;$k(Bawaseru oppose (drop a pawn right in front of opponent's pawn)
$BCf9g$9$k(Bchuuai suruinterpose, block
$B;_$a$k(B tomeru stop, block
$BDL$9(B toosu let pass, pass through; open
$BDL$8$k(B tsuujirupass, be opened
$B$V$D$+$k!($V$D$1$k(B butsukaru; butsukeru collide (oppose a piece with the same kind of piece) (vi; vt)
$BJq$`(B tsutsumusurround
$BJq0O$9$k(Bhooi suruencircle, siege
$B$7$P$k(B shibaru squeeze, restrict
$B$O$5$`(B hasamu pincer, attack from two sides
$BE#IU$1$K$9$k(Bkugizuke ni suru pin down, tie down
$BE#$rBG$D(Bkugi o utsupin down (lit. pound in a nail)
$B%/%5%S$rBG$A9~$`(B kusabi o utchikomu drive in a wedge
$B0\$k!(0\$9(Butsuru; utsusushift, transfer (vi; vt)
$B0\9T$9$k(Bikoo suruswitch over (to)
$BE>$8$k!(E>$:$k(Btenjiru; tenzuru turn (around), be transferred
$BE>49$9$k(Btenkan suruconvert, switch, transpose
$BE>MQ$9$k(Btenyoo suruconvert

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3.2.2) Drops and promotion

$BBG$D(B utsu drop
$BBG$A(B uchi drop (n)
$BBG$A?x$($k(Buchisuerudrop
$BBG$A9~$`(Buchikomudrop inside the promotion zone, invade
$B0lBG(B ichida a blow, a drop
$BO"BG(B renda successive drops
$BDKBG(B tsuuda painful blow, drop
$B3dBG$A(B wari-uchistab-in-the-back (silver drop forking two pieces from behind)
$B=E$MBG$A(Bkasane-uchidrop-on-top (e.g. a lance drop above the lance on the board)
$B tebanasulet go, drop (also: give away a piece)
$BEjF~$9$k(Btoonyuu suruthrow into, drop
$B@.$k(B naru promote
$B@.$j(B nari promotion; promoted-
$BIT@.$j(B funari- unpromoted-
$B%+%i@.$j!J6u@.$j!K(B karanariempty promotion (not capturing a piece)
$B@.$j9~$`(Bnari-komuenter and promote

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3.2.3) Single pieces

$B6L$r0O$&(Bgyoku o kakoucastle the king
$B6L$HF~>k$9$k(Bgyoku to nyuujoo suru bring the king inside the castle
$BFM$/(B tsuku push (pawn) (also: thrust, attack)
$BFM$-9~$`(Btsuki-komupush and enter (the promotionzone)
$BFM$-1[$9(Btsuki-kosupush on
$BFM$-9g$&(Btsuki-aupush (pawns) mutually (on the same file)
$BFM$-0c$$(Btsuki-chigaicounterpush (on another file)
$BFM$-tsuki-suterupush and sacrifice
$BFM$C@Z$j(Btsukkiri(pawn) sacrifice push
$B?-$9!(1d$P$9(Bnobasu extend (with pawn push)
$B?-$S2a$.$k(Bnobisugiruoverextend
$B%?%?%/(B $B!JC!$/!K(B tataku strike (drop a pawn right in front of an enemy piece)
$B%?%i$9!J?b$i$9!K(B tarasu dangle (drop a pawn before the target field, threatening promotion next)
$B7+$j=P$9(Bkuridasusend out (a general)
$BHt$V(B tobu fly, rush (rook)
$BD7$V(B tobu jump (knight)
$BD7$M$k(B haneru jump (knight)
$B%O%M(B hane knight move
$BAv$k(B hashiru rush (forwards) (rook, lance)
$B2s$k(B $B!J2v$k!K!(2s$9(B mawaru; mawasuturn (sidewards, around) (rook)
$B$R$M$k(B hineru twist, switch over (to the other side) (rook)
$B?6$k(B furu range (to and fro, on the same rank) (rook)
$B$N$>$/(B nozoku peep (bishop)

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3.2.4) Capture, exchange and sacrifices

$B toru (threaten to) take (also: take up a position)
~$B -tori threat to capture-, fork
$BN> ryootorifork
$B%?%@$Gtada de torusimply capture (and gain a piece)
$Btoriai exchange, mutual capture
$Btorikomutake and approach, take and enter
$Btorikaesutake back
$BF$$Auchitorutake
$BN+$akasumetorutake away, pocket
$BF~nyuushu suruget in hand
$BJ'$&(B harau wipe off
$BGm$9(B hagasu tear off
$B$O$:$9(B hazusu take off
$BJa$^$($k(Btsukamaerucapture
$BJa3M$9$k(Bhokaku surucapture
$BH4$/(B nuku take
$BAGH4$1$k(Bsunukerucan take simply (without any loss)
$BAGH4$-(B sunuki pure, clean profit
$BGS=|$9$k(Bhaijo sururemove
$B@6;;(B(-)seisan liquidation, cleaning up
$B$I$1$k(B dokeru remove (obstacle), get (obstacle) out of the way
$B49$o$k!(49$($k(Bkawaru; kaeruexchange (pieces or moves) (vi; vt)
$B49$o$j(B kawari exchange (n)
~$B49$((B -kae (gae)exchange of-
$BFsKg49$((Bnimaigaetwo-for-one, exchanging one (major) piece for two (minor) pieces
$B8r49(B(-)kookan exchange (n)
$BBX$($k!"Be$($k(Bkaeru exchange; change; substitute
$B suteru sacrifice
$B8+mi-suteruabandon, forsake
$BEO$9(B watasu hand over (pieces or the initiative)
$B%.%;%$!J5>@7!K$K$9$k(B gisei ni surumake a sacrifice
$B5>BG(B gida sacrifice drop
$B@Z$k(B kiru sacrifice, exchange, get (own piece) out of the way (usually: sacrifice the exchange, i.e. exchange a major piece for a minor piece)
$B8+@Z$k(B mi-kiru abandon
$B3Q@Z$k(B kakukiriexchanging the bishop for a minor piece
$BHt@Z$j(B hikiri exchanging the rook for a minor piece
$BIb$/(B uku float, stand loose
$BIb$-6p(B ukigoma loose piece, floating piece
$BN%$l$k(B hanareruseperate, get loose
$BN%$l6p(B hanaregomaloose piece
$B shichigomahostage piece (to be captured any time)
$BEv$?$k!(Ev$F$k(Bataru; ateruthreaten to take (vi; vt)
$BEv$?$j(B atari threat to capture
$B$+$o$9(B kawasu dodge
$B%R%b!JI3!K$r$D$1$k(B himo o tsukeruprotect, defend (a piece)
$BBe=~(B daishoo compensation
$B6p3d(B komawaribalance of material

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4) Strategy and tactics

4.1) General terms

$B@o(B sen fight; game; match
$B@o$&(B tatakau fight (v)
$B@o$$!"F.$$(Btatakai fight (n)
$B jissen actual game
$B46A[@o(B kansoosenpost mortem
$B5^@o(B kyuusen quick attack, early fight
$B;}5W@o(B jikyuusenslow game
$B7h@o(B kessen decisive fight
$B6l@o(B kusen hard, difficult game
$BFq@o(B nansen difficult game
$BMp@o(B ransen wild, rough game
$BBg:.@o(B taikonsenchaotic battle
$BBgG.@o(B oo-atsusenfierce, heated fight
$B@oK!(B sempoo opening (strategy)
$B:n@o!":v@o(Bsakusen strategy
$B:n@o>!$A(Bsakusenkachistrategical victory
$B:n@oIi$1(Bsakusenmakestrategical loss
$BM[F0:n@o(Byoodoosakusenfeint strategy
$B@oN,(B senryakustrategy (plan)
$B@o=Q(B senjutsustrategy (art)
$B9bEy@o=Q(Bkootoo-senjutsuhigher strategy
$B@oC<(B sentan hostilities
$B@oC<$r3+$/(Bsentan o hirakustart hostilities
$B@o@~(B sensen front, battle line
$B@o@~$r9-$2$k(Bsensen o hirogeru broaden the front
$B@o>l(B senjou place of the fight, front
$BA@$&!"L\;X$9(Bnerau, mezasuaim at
$BA@$$6Z(B neraisujithe move or tesuji one aimed at, the intended move
$BL\E*!"E*(Bmokuteki, matoaim, object
$BL\I8(B mokuhyootarget
$B;EJ}!"J}K!(Bshikata. hoohoomethod, way
$B96$aJ}(B semekatathe way to attack
$B ukekata the way to defend
$B shudan means, measures, way
$B>oEejootooshudancommon means, old trick
$B:v(B(-) saku plan, stratagem
$BBP:v(B taisaku counter-plan
$BF@:v(B tokusakuprofitable, wise plan
$BHk:v(B hissaku secret plan
$B5gM>$N0l:v(Bkyuuyo no issaku the last (desperate) resort
$Btejun, junsequence (of moves)
$Btejun-zengoreverse order of moves (usually wrong)
$B=g=x(B junjo (right) order of moves
$BDj@W(B jooseki standard (opening) sequence of moves
$Btesuji, sujitesuji, tactic, tactical move or sequence, petite combinasion
$B6Z$NNI$$(Bsuji no yoitactically good
$B6Z$N0-$$(Bsuji no waruitactically bad
$BK\6Z(B honsuji the proper move
$BL5M}6Z(B murisujiunreasonable move
$B@Z$l6Z(B kiresujifailed move, failed tactics
$B4s$j6Z(B yorisujiendgame tesuji (bringing the king near mate)
$B$O$^$j6Z(Bhamarisujitrap
$B$O$a$k(B hameru ensnare, trap
$B%O%a%F(B hamete trap, trick move
$B%o%J!Jf+!K$K$O$^$k(B wana ni hamaruwalk into a trap
$B%o%J$K$+$1$k(Bwana ni kakerutrap
$B=QCf(B jutchuu trap (n)
$B=QCf$K4Y$k(Bjutchuu ni ochiiru fall into a trap
$BMn$77j(B otoshianatrap, pitfall
$B4Y$l$k(B otoshiireruensnare, fall into a trap
$B%H%j%C%/(Btorikku trick
$B%(%5!J1B!K(Besa bait, lure(n)
$B%(%8%-!J1B?)!K(Bejiki prey, victim
$B7A(B katachi (good) shape; formation, position
$B9%7A!"NI$$7A(Bkookei, yoi katachi good shape
$B0-7A(B akukei bad shape
$B4pK\7A(B kihon katachibasic position
$B6E$j7A(B korikatachistiff, inflexible, overconcentrated shape
$B$*$+$7$$7A(Bokashii katachifunny (ridiculous) shape
$B4s$j7A(B yorikatachinear mate position
$B7A:n$j(B katachizukurisettling the shape, finding a place to resign
$B8|$_!"8|L#(Batsumi thickness (solid shape)
$BO"Mm(B(-)renraku connection (between pieces)
$BO"Mm$N!J$J$$!K(Brenraku no (nai) (un)connected
$B9g:n(B(-)gassaku cooperation
$B6(NO(B kyooryokucooperation
$BL#(B aji potential (for attack) (lit. flavour, taste)
$BL#$NNI$$(Baji no yoihaving good aji
$BL#>C$7(B ajikeshielimiating aji
$B7yL#(B iyami unpleasant, nasty aji
$B%$%d!J7y!K$JL#(Biya na ajiunpleasant, nasty aji
$B%?%$%_%s%0(Btaimingutiming
$B%9%T!<%I(Bsupiido speed
$BB.EY(B sokudo speed
$B%Z!<%9(B peesu pace, upperhand. initiative
$B shudookeninitiative
$Bshudooken o nigiru take hold of the initiative
$B5U@h(B gyakusenwinning back the initiative
$B%P%i%s%9(Bbaransu balance (between Black and White, attack and defence, right side and left side etc.)
$B%P%i%s%9$rbaransu o toruretain the balance
$B%P%i%s%9$r;}$D(Bbaransu o motsukeep the balance
$B$D$j9g$$(Btsuriai balance
$B7s$M9g$$!"6Q9U(Bkaneai, kinkoobalance
$B5;(B waza technique; art; skill
$B9S5;(B arawaza wild, fierce technique
$B5;=Q(B gijutsu art; technique; skill
$BL/5;(B myoogi beautiful technique
$BFC5;(B tokugi special ability (of a piece)
$B7]Ev(B geitoo art; feat
$B%3%D(B kotsu knack, special skill
$BD4;R(B chooshi manner, way, style, condition (also: condition of a player)
$BD4;R$,$$$$(Bchooshi ga iiin good style; with good prospects; in good condition
$B9%D4$K(B koochoo nifavourably, smoothly

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4.2) Systems and variations

~$B7?(B -kei (kata)-formation, -line
~$B<0(B -shiki -systems, -style
~$BN.(B -ryuu -style, -school, way of-
$BN.$l(B nagare flow
$B2fN.(B garyuu one's own way (depreciatory)
$BED inaka-ryuuboorish style
$B<+A3N.(B shizenryuunatural style (Nakahara Makoto`s style)
$B-4}(B te-shoogifree Shogi (avoiding established joseki patterns)
$BNO>-4}(B chikara shoogipower Shogi
$B%^%M>-4}(Bmane shoogimirror Shogi
$B%X%\>-4}(Bhebo shoogicrackpot Shogi (absolute beginner`s)
$BK\Ih!"K\6I(Bhompu, honkyokuthe main line, the game
$BJQ2=!"JQ99(Bhenka, henkoovariation
$BJQ7?(B henkei irregular formation
$BJQD4(B henchoo variation; irregularity
$BJQ$o$k!(JQ$($k(Bkawaru; kaeruchange, play a variation (vi; vt)
$B%i%$%s(B rainu line
$B%7%9%F%`(Bshisutemusystem
$B%9%?%$%k(Bsutairu style
$B%Q%?!<%s(Bpataan pattern
$B0lK\F;(B ippommichione straight way
$B0lD>@~(B itchokusenone straight line
$B4tO)(B kiro crossroads
$B4t$lF;!(J,$+$lF;(B wakaremichicrossroads, branch, variation
$BJ,$+$l$k(Bwakarerudivide (into)
$BJ,$+$lL\(Bwakaremeturning point

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4.3) Opening strategies

4.3.1) Static rook

$B5oHt ibisha Static Rook
$BAj7|$j!J@oK!!K(Baigakari (sempoo) Double Wing Attack (opening)
$BAj3]$j(B aigakariDouble Wing Attack (opening)
($BAj(B)$BIbHt(ai)ukibisha(Double) Floating Rook
($BAj(B)$B2(ai)gedanbisha(Double) Back Rank Rook
$B9x3]6d(B koshikakeginReclining Silver
$B%,%C%A%c%s6d(Bgatchan ginClanging Silvers
$B1XGOekibisha jooseki Stagecoach Joseki
$B1zFL7?(B oo-totsu-keiHump-Slump System
$B:?3y6d(B kusarikama-ginSickle-and-chain Silver
$B6Z0c3Q(B sujichigai-kakuWrong Diagonal Bishop
$B$J$^$/$i6Z0c3Q(Bnamakura suji-chigai kaku Blunt Wrong Diagonal Bishop
$B2#JbyokofudoriSide Pawn
$BJQB'2#Jbhensoku yokofudori Irregular Side Pawn
$B6uCf@o(B kuuchuusenAereal Fight
$B=DJbtatefudoriRook on Pawn
$B=c?h=DJbjunsui tatefudori Pure Rook on Pawn
$B%M%3$N=DJbneko no tatefudori the Cat's Rook on Pawn
$B$R$M$jHthineribishaTwisting Rook
$B$?$36b(B takokin Kite Gold (Masuda`s counter against the Twisting Rook)
$BK@6d(B boogin Climbing Silver
$B86;OK@6d(Bgenshi booginPrimitive Climbing Silver
$B3Q49$j(B kakugawariBishop Exchange
$BCO2chikatetsubishaSubway Rook (contra rightside king in Bishop Exchange)
$BB5Ht sodebishaSleeve Rook
$B5oHtibisha anagumaStatic Rook Bear-in-the-hole
$B6LF,0Lgyokutooguraidori King`s Head Vanguard Pawn
5$B6Z0Lgo-suji kuraidori Central Vanguard Pawn
$B4gLZ(B gangi Snowroof
$B:m5\Dj@W(Bsaginomiya jooseki Heron Palace Joseki
$B;3EDN.(B Yamada-ryuuYamada System

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4.3.2) Ranging rook

$B?6Ht furibishaRanging Rook
$BCfHt nakabishaCentral Rook
$B86;OCfHtgenshi nakabisha Primitive Central Rook
$BJ?L\(B hirame Flatfish
$BIw kazegurumaWindmill
$B%D%N6d(B tsunoginSilver on the Horns
$B;M4VHtshikenbishaFourth File Rook
$B1&;M4VHtmigi shikenbisha Right Side Fourth File Rook
$B;04VHtsangenbishaThird File Rook
$B@PEDN.>#ED<0(BIshida-ryuu Masuda-shikiMasuda Style Ishida (System)
$B8~Ht mukaibishaOpposing Rook
$B>#ED<08~HtMasuda-shiki mukaibishaMasuda Style Opposing Rook
$BAj?6HtaifuribishaDouble Ranging Rook
$B?6Htfuribisha anaguma Ranging Rook Bear in the Hole

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4.3.3) Yagura

$BLpAR!J@oK!!K(Byagura (sempoo)Yagura (opening) (yagura, arrow depository)
$B5^@oLpAR(Bkyuusen yaguraQuick Attack Yagura
$BLpAR9x3]6d(Byagura koshikakegin Yagura Reclining Silver
$BLpARCfHtyagura nakabisha Yagura Central Rook
$BLpARB5Htyagura sodebisha Yagura Sleeve Rook
$BJFD9LpAR(BYonenaga yaguraYonenaga Yagura
$BF17?LpAR(Bdookei yaguraSymmetrical Yagura
$B?};I$7(B suzumezashiSpearing the Sparrow
$BHt@hITFM(Bhisaki-fuzukiNot Pushing the Rook Pawn
$B%+%K%+%K6d(BkanikaniginCrab Silver
$BFs==H,nijuuhattegumithe 14-Move Set (a well-known joseki resulting in a symmetrical position)
$B;M yonte kakuthe 4-Move Bishop (7i-6h-5i-2f)

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4.3.4) Surprise openings

$B4q=1(B kishuu surprise attack
$B54;&$7(B onikoroshiDemon Killer
$B54;&$7Iu$8(Bonikoroshi fuuji Demon Killer Block
$B2D>OGO(B kashoomaDemon Killer
$B=w(B($BN.(B)$B;&$7%I%C%+%sHtonna koroshi(joryuu koroshi)Lady Killer Rushing Rook
$B3QF,JbFM$-(Bkakutoo-fuzukiBishop`s Head Pawn Push
$B6b3+$-(B kin-hirakiSpread-out Golds
$BDA6L(B chin gyokuStrange King
$B?90BN.K@6L7j7'(BMoriyasu-ryuu boogyoku anaguma Moriyasu Style Climbing King Bear in the Hole

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4.4) Castles

4.4.1) Mino group

$BH~G;0O$$(Bminoo-gakoiMino castle
$BJRH~G;(B kata-minooIncomplete Mino
$B6dH~G;(B gin-minooSilver Mino
$B6bH~G;(B kin-minooGold Mino
$B;MKgH~G;(Byo(m)mai-minooFour Generals Mino
$BLZBKimura minooKimura's Mino
$B%A%g%s%^%2H~G;(Bchommage minooTopknot Mino (usually the result of a feinting static rook)
$B6d4'(B ginkanmuriSilver Crown
$B9bH~G;(B taka-minooHigh Mino
$B:8H~G;(B hidari minooLeft(side) Mino
$B5UH~G;(B gyaku minooReverse Mino
$BE7tenshukaku minoo Castle Tower Mino

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4.4.2) Yagura group

$BLpAR0O$$(Byagura-gakoiYagura Castle
$B6bLpAR(B kin-yaguraGold Yagura (Common Yagura)
$B6dLpAR(B gin-yaguraSilver Yagura
$BJRLpAR(B kata-yaguraIncomplete Yagura
$BAmLpAR(B soo-yaguraComplete Yagura
$BN.$lLpAR(Bnagare yaguraFlow Yagura
$B6dN)$ALpAR(Bgintachi-yaguraHigh Silver Yagura
$B$7$c$,$_LpAR(Bshagami-yaguraCrouching Yagura

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4.4.3) Other castles

$B=.0O$$(B funagakoiBoat Castle
$B%+%K0O$$(BkanigakoiCrab Castle
$BH"F~$jL<(Bhakoiri musumeDaddy's Dearest (Well-protected Daughter)
$B6d1@?}(B gin-hinariSilver Skylark
$B4gLZ(B gangi Snowroof
$BI)0O$$(B hishi-gakoiLozenge Castle
$B7j7'(B anaguma Bear-in-the-Hole
$B86EDN.7j7'(BHarada-ryuu anaguma Harada Style Bear-in-the-Hole
$B6d4'7j7'(Bginkanmuri anaguma Silver Crown Bear-in-the-Hole
$B6uCf7j7'(Bkuuchuu anagumaAir Castle (Bear-in-the-Air) (in the middle of the board, floating like)
$BFsKg6b(B nimai-kinDouble-Gold
$B6dB?EA(B gintadenSilver Tandem (a castle in 2-piece handicap)

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4.5) Tesuji

$B%?%l(B($B?b$l(B)$BJb(Btarefu (tesuji)dangling pawn (tesuji) (drop one square before the target square in the promotionzone)
$B7Q$.Jb(B tsugifu joining pawns
$B%?%?%-(B($BC!$-(B)$BJb(Btataki no fustriking pawn (drop)
$BO"BG$NJb(Brenda no fusuccessive (striking) pawn drops
$B9g$o$;$NJb(Bawase no fuopposing pawn (drop)
$B@.$jnarisute no fupawn sacrfice promotion
$BFM$-tsukisute no fusacrifice push
$BFM$-0c$&$NJb(Btsukichigai no fu counter-push (on another file)
$BHthishadome no furook block
$BCf9g$$$NJb(Bchuuai no fuinterposed pawn
$B>GE@$NJb(Bshooten no fufocal point pawn (drop)
$B9%7?$rJx$9Jb(Bkookei o kuzusu fu pawn demolishing the good shape (e.g. shooten no fu)
$B6d%P%5%_$NJb(Bginbasami no fusilver-pincer pawn (push or drop)
$B9b$H$S$N7K(Btakatobi no keiadvanced (high jumping) knight
$B95$($N7K(Bhikae no keiknight (drop) towards the rear
$B$D$J$.7K(Btsunagi-keiconnected, linked knights
$B$D$.7K(B tsugi-keijoining knights
$B%O%M0c$$7K(Bhanechigai no kei counter-jump (not taking the opponent's knight)
$B$7$P$j$N7K(Bshibari no keisqueezing knight
$Btegakari no keiknight foothold
$BJbF,7K(B futoo-keiknight (sacrifice) at the head of the pawn (endgame)
$B6bF,$N7K(Bkintoo no keiknight (sacrifice) at the head of the gold
$B=E$M$N9a(Bkasane no kyoopiled-up lances
$BJb$NBe$j$N9a(Bfu no kawari no kyoo lance exchange for a pawn
$B3dBG$N6d(Bwariuchi no ginstab-in-the-back (silver drop forking two pieces from behind)
$B7K@h$N6d(Bkeisaki no ginsilver at the head of the knight
$B$7$P$j$N6b(Bshibari no kinsqueezing gold
$BAw$j$N6b(Bokuri no kinsend-off gold
$B$7$+$j(B($B<8$j(B)$B$N6b(B shikari no kinreproving gold (chasing off a major piece that gave check, thus gaining a tempo)
$BF,6b(B atama-kingold at the head (of the king, checkmating)
$B<+?X3Q(B($BGO(B)jijin-kaku (uma) bishop (horse) in the own camp
$B==;zHtjuujibishacorssroads rook (forking two pieces horizontally and vertically)
$BN%$7Hthanashibishadetached rook (drop) (coming closer and promoting on the next move) (endgame)
$BJFD96L(B Yonenaga gyokuYonenaga king (edge king)
$B>GE@$Nshooten no sutegoma sacrifice (drop) at the focal point
$BB`O)$X$Ntairo no sutegoma sacrifice at the loophole (of the king) (endgame)
$B8B3&E@$Ngenkaiten no sutegoma id.
$B7j$U$5$.(Banafusagisealing off the loophole
$BF($2>l$N@hCe(Bnigeba ni senchaku arriving first at the loophole (by sacrificing a piece letting the opponent plug up the king's escape route)
$B5M$a$m$rF($l$N5M$a$m(B tsumero o nogare no tsumero threatmate to escape threatmate
$BI,;`$rF($l$NI,;`(B hisshi o nogare no hisshi hisshi (brinkmate) to escape hisshi

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5) Position and development

5.1) Position

5.1.1) Overall position

$BHWLLA4BN(Bbammen zentaithe whole board
$BHWLLA4It(Bbammen zenbuthe whole board
$B>eIt(B joubu upper part
$B2 kabu lower part
$BCf1{(B chuuoo centre
$B:8Mc(B sayoku left flank
$B1&Mc(B uyoku right flank
$B<+?X(B jijin own camp, formation
$BE(?X(B tekijin enemy camp, formation
$BJ}!"J}LL(Bkata, hoomendirection
$BJ}8~(B hookoo direction, course
$BH,J}(B happoo all directions
$B$=$C$](B soppo wrong direction, out of play
$B<~JU!"JU$j(Bshuuhen, atarineighbourhood
$B$+$i$a$F(Bkarametefrom the rear, from behind
$BCOBS(B chitai zone, region
$B4m81COBS(Bkiken chitaidanger zone
$B0BA4COBS(Banzen chitaisafety zone
$BBg3$(B taikai, ooumithe wide sea, the open board
~$BMM(B -- yoo position, shape of --
$B2&MM(B ooyoo position of the king, the king's formation
$BLOMM(B moyoo pattern, structure, situation
$BMM;R(B yoosu situation, circumstance
$BMM;R$r8+$k(Byoosu o mirusound out the situation, see how the opponent will react
~$B7?(B -- kei, -- kata-- system, -- position
$BM}A[7?(B risookeiideal shape
$BBg6I(B taikyokutotal position
$BBg6I4Q(B taikyokusanwhole-board perception
$BBg@*(B taisei total position
$B6ILL!"6I@*(Bkyokumen, kyokusei position
$B4}@*!"7A@.(Bkisei, keiseiposition
$BM%@*(B yuusei better position, better prospects, advantage
$BNt@*(B ressei inferior position
$B>!@*(B shoosei won position
$BHs@*(B hisei bad position
$BGT@*(B haisei lost position
$B?XMF!"?XN)$F(Bjinyoo, jindateformation, position
$BI[?X(B fujin formation, position
$BMx$/(B($B8z$/(B)kiku act on, bear down on; work, be effective
$BMx$+$9(B kikasu force, effectuate
$BMx$+$7(B kikashi forcing move
$B2#8z$-(B($B2#Mx$-(B)yokogikisideways effect, action (rook)
$B8z$-L\(B kikime effectivity, acting on
$B%K%i$`(B niramu bear down on (with bishop) (lit. stare at)
$BO"Mm(B(-)renraku connection (between pieces)
$BO"Mm$,$D$/(Brenraku ga tsuku connect
$BF/$/(B hatarakuwork, be active, be activated
$BM7$V(B asobu idle, be out of play
$B6A$/(B hibiku influence (v)
$B6A$-!"1F6A(Bhibiki, eikyooinfluence (n)
$B0RNO(B iryoku power, might, influence
$B@*NO(B seiryokupower, influence, force
$B@*NOHO0O(Bseiryoku han`isphere of influence
$B@*NOAh$$(Bseiryoku arasoipower struggle, fight for positional advantage
$BCf1{@)05(Bchuuoo-seiatsucontrol of the centre
$B05$9$k(B assuru apply pressure, oppress, overwhelm
$B05NO(B atsuryokupressure
$B05Gw(B(-)appaku pressure, coercion
$B=E05(B juuatsu heavy pressure
$B%W%l%7%c!<$rM?$($k(B pureshaa o ataeru apply pressure

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5.1.2) Single points

$BF,(B -- too, atamahead of --
$B>.%S%s(B kobin ears (lit. side locks)
$B%3%a%+%_(Bkomekai the temple
$BJ"(B hara belly
$BOF(B($B$N2<(B)waki (no shita)armpits
$BGXCf(B senaka back
$B6LF,(B gyokutoohead of the king
$B3QF,(B kakutoo head of the bishop
$B6L$N%U%H%3%m(Bgyoku no futukoro the king's bosom (free space around the king)
$BCOE@(B chiten point, square
$B5rE@(B kyoten basis (for attack)
$B>GE@(B shooten focal point (the point on which most pieces work)
$B0LCO!"0LCV(Bichi position
$B4pCO(B kichi basis
$B$H$3$m(B($B=j(B)tokoro place
$B>l=j(B basho place
$B5^=j(B kyuusho vital point
$BMW=j(B yooshoo important,strategical point
$BCf=;=j(B chuujuushocentral position (king at 5a or 5b/5i or 5h)
$B$$$->l(B ikiba place to go to
$BB->l(B ashiba basis, foothold
$B96$aB-(B seme-ashifoothold for the attack
$BE72&;3(B Tennoozanthe Tenno Mountain; vantage point (usually 5e)
$B$+$J$a(B($BMW(B)kaname rivet (critical point)
$BH~G;$+$J$a(BMinoo-kanamethe rivet of the Mino (the gold on 6a)
$B7j(B ana hole
$B6u4V(B kuukan empty square(s), space
$B7gE@(B ketten weakness
$B7g4Y(B kekkan weakness, insufficiency
$B%-%:(B($B=}(B)kizu weakness, defect, flaw
$B%9%-(B($B7d(B)suki hole (weakness; loophole; a tempo breathing space)
$B4V7d(B kangeki hole
$B jakuten weak point
$B teusu weakness
$B5c$-$I$3$m(Bnakidokorovulnerable point

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5.1.3) Single pieces

$B9g6p(B aigoma interposed piece
$B9g$o$;6p(Bawasegomaopposing piece (pawn)
$B jamagomaobstacle, blocking piece
$BIb$-6p(B ukigoma floating piece
$BN%$l6p(B hanaregomaloose piece
$B8IN)$7$?6p(Bkoritsu shita koma isolated piece
$B$4$H$/6p(Bgotokugomaisolated piece
$B shichigomapawned piece (can be taken anytime)
$B%J%^(B($B@8(B)$B6p(Bnamagomaraw piece (just standing somewhere without function)
$BM7$S6p(B asobigomaidling, inactive piece
$B5o6L(B igyoku sitting king, sitting duck
$B1&6L(B migigyokurightside king
$BMg6L(B ragyoku (hadaka gyoku) naked king
$BF~6L(B nyuugyokuentering king
$B0L(B kurai vanguard pawn (position)
$B0L$rD%$k(Bkurai o harutake up a vanguard position
$BDlJb(B sokofu anchor pawn
$B6bDl$NJb(Bkinsoko no fupawn-anchored gold
$BJb@Z$l(B fugire out of pawns, no pawns in hand
$BJI6b(B($B6d(B)kabekin (gin)wall gold (silver)
$BK@6d(B($B6b(B)boogin (kin)climbing silver (gold)
$BAa7+$j6d(Bhayakuriginrushing silver
$BJb1[$76d(Bfukoshiginsilver in front of its pawns
$BC16p6d(B tangomaginlone silver
$B6d%P%5%_(B($B64$_(B)ginbasamisilver pincer
$BF,6b(B atamakingold at the head (of the king, checkmating)
$B%^%`%7$N$H6b(Bmamushi no tokin viperous tokin, snake in the grass
$B5o3Q(B ikaku static bishop
$B0z3Q(B hikaku retreating bishop (B7i or B3a)
$B1s8+$N3Q(Btoomi no kakuwatchtower bishop

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5.2) Development

5.2.1) Begin, middle, end

$B=xHW(B joban opening
$BCfHW(B chuuban middlegame
$B=*HW(B shuuban end-game
$B3+@o(B(-)kaisen start of the fight
$B=*@o(B(-)shuusen end of the fight
$B;E3]$1$k(Bshikakeruinitiate a fight, start of the middle game
$B;E3]$1(B shikake the first fight, start of the middle game
$BAa;E3]$1(Bhayashikakeearly fight, early start of the middle game
$B4s$;$k(B yoseru approach the king
$B4s$;@Z$k(Byosekirufinish off the king
$B4s$;(B yose getting access to the king, bringing the king near mate, (late) endgame
$B4s$;9g$$(Byoseai mate race
$BF;Dx(B dootei, michinori process, path
$B;O$a$k(B hajimerubegin
$BCechakushustart (n)
$B3+;O(B(-)kaishi start, begin
$B7Q$0(B tsugu follow
$BB3$/!(B3$1$k(Btsuzuku; tsuzukeru continue (vi; vt)
$B7QB3(B(-)keizoku continuation
$BO"B3(B renzoku succession, series
$Btsugi no, koozoku no following, next
$B=*$k(B owaru end
$B=*N;(B(-)shuuryooend
$B=*;O(B shuushi from start to end; beginning and end
$B:Q$`(B sumu end; do without, avoid
$B:Q$^$9(B sumasu finish up, settle; make do
$B;_$^$k!(;_$a$k(Btomaru, tomerustop (vi; vt)
$BBG$A@Z$k(Buchikiruend, close, discontinue
$B<}B+$9$k(Bshuusoku surutie up (the game)

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5.2.2) Developments

$B?J$`!(?J$a$k(Bsusumu; susumeru advance, progress; develop (vi; vt)
$B?J9T!"?JJb(B(-)shinkoo, shimpoadvance
$B?J=P(B shinshutsuadvance, expansion
$B?JE8(B shinten development
$BB`$/(B hiku, shirizokuretreat
$BB`$1$k(B shirizokerudrive away
$BB`<#$9$k(Btaiji surusubjugate, control, exterminate
$B8eB`(B(-)kootai retreat
$BE83+$K$9$k(Btenkai ni surudevelop
$BE83+$K$J$k(Btenkai ni narube developed
$BAH$`(B kumu build, arrange
$BAH>e$,$k(Bkumi-agarubuild up, develop (vi)
$BAH$_N)$F$k(Bkumi-taterubuild up, erect
$BAH$_D>$9(Bkumi-naosurearrange, reposition
$BAH$_9g$o$;$k(Bkumi-awaserucombine, dovetail, join together
$BC[$/(B kizuku build
$B9=$($k(B kamaeru build up
$B@9$j>e$2$k(Bmori-agerubuild up (high) (vt)
$B0O$&(B kakou enclose, castle
$B;+$/(B sabaku achieve sabaki, develop, dispose of, disentangle
$B;+$-(B sabaki sabaki, development, disposing of pieces (by exchanging them getting them in hand)
$B2!$($k(B($BM^$($k(B)osaeru restrain, contain, hold down, constrain (opposite of sabaku)
$B2!$(9~$`(Bosae-komurestrain, suppress
$B2!$79~$`(Boshikomurestrain, shut up in, push down in
$B;vA09):n(Bjizen koosakupreparations
$BA0Ds9):n(Bzentei koosakupreparations
$B@0$&!(@0$($k(Btotonou; totonoeru be prepared, be arranged; prepare, arrange, settle (vi; vt)
$BMQ0U$9$k(Byooi suruprepare, take care
$BITMQ0U$J(Bfuyooi naunprepared, uncareful
$BK~$r;}$9$k(Bman o jissuruwatch for an opportunity, be in full readiness
$B1?$S(B hakobi arrangements, paving the way, progress
$B40@.$9$k(Bkansei suru(make) complete
$B40N;$9$k(Bkanryoo suru(make) complete
$B=<juujitsu suru(make) complete
$B@8$-$F$/$k(Bikite kurucome to live, become effective, be activated
$B3h$+$9!"@8$+$9(Bikasu revive (e.g. aji)
$B3hF0$9$k(Bkatsudoo suruactivate, deploy
$B3hMQ$9$k(Bkatsuyoo suruactivate, bring into play
$B3hLv$9$k(Bkatsuyaku suruactivate, bring into play
$B>C$($k!(>C$9(Bkieru; kesudisappear, go away; make disappear, neutralize (bad aji) (vi; vt)
$B9-$,$k!(9-$2$k(Bhirogaru; hirogeru extend, reach to; expand, widen (vi; vt)
$B69$^$k!(69$a$k(Bsebamaru; sebameru become narrow; narrow down (vi; vt)
$B5g6~$9$k(Bkyuukutsu surube cramped
$B5g$9$k(B kyuusurube cornered; suffer
$B?-$P$9(B($B1d$9(B)nobasu extend (e.g. the edge by a pawn push)
$B5M$^$k!(5M$a$k(Btsumaru; tsumeru be shortened; shorten (the edge file) (vi; vt)
$B6/$^$k!(6/$a$k(Btsuyomaru; tsuyomeru become stronger; strengthen (vi; vt)
$Byowamaru; yowameru become weaker; weaken, undermine (vi; vt)
$B yowaru weaken
$BNO$rN/$a$k(Bchikara o tameru gather strength, assemble (more) force
$BJd6/$9$k(Bhokyoo surustrengthen
$B6/2=$9$k(Bkyooka surustrengthen
$B8G$a$k!(7x$a$k(Bkatamerustrengthen, stabilize
$B3NJ]$9$k(Bkakuho surusecure, maintain, ensure
$B@0Hw$9$k(Bseibi suruconsolidate
$B<#$^$k(B osamaru become settled, fixed
$B$^$H$a$k(Bmatomerusettle, fix (e.g. the shape)
$B4K$`(B yurumu be weak
$BGv$l$k(B usureru become thin, become weaker
$B=8Cf$9$k(Bshuuchuu surucentralize, concentrate
$B@)05$9$k(Bseiatsu suru(bring under) control, suppress
$B4V$K9g$&(Bma ni aube in time
$BCY$l$k(B okureru be (too) late, be slow
$BCY$i$;$k(Bokuraserudefer, delay
$BJ]N1$9$k(Bhoryuu surureserve, defer
$BBT$D(B matsu wait
$B%f!<%h!"%f%&%h(Byuuyo delay, postponement
$B$?$a$i$&(Btamerau hesitate
$B0lB)$r$D$/(Bhito-iki o tsuku take a pause
$B0lCJMn(B ichidan-rakua pause
$BD9$S$+$;$k(Bnagabikaseruslow down, draw out
$B$0$:$0$:$G$-$J$$(B guzuguzu dekinai one cannot be irresolute, one should not lose time
$B5^$0!"5^$9(Bisogu, sekasuhurry, make haste
$B5^$,$;$k(Bisogaseruhurry (somebody), press
$B>G$;$k(B aseru be in a hurry, be (too) eager for
$BGw$^$k(B semaru urge, push on, force
$B:EB%$9$k(Bsaisoku surupress for, urge on, speed up
$B$h$I$`(B yodomu stagnate
$BN)$A1}@8$9$k(Btachi-oojoo suru come to a standstill
$BF\:C$9$k(Btonza surucome to a deadlock
$B>J$/!">JN,$9$k(Bhabuku, shooryaku suru omit
$BJ|$k(B hooru leave (as it is)
$BJ|CV$9$k(Bhoochi suruleave (standing as it is), ignore
$BL5;k$9$k(Bmushi suruignore, disregard
$B$@$^$k(B($BL[$k(B)damaru keep quiet, do nothing
$B95$($k(B hikaeru refrain from; hold back, wait
$B7^$($k(B mukaeru wellcome
$BM6$&(B sasou invite, induce
$BM6$$=P$9(Bsasoidasulure away, lure out
$BM6F3$9$k(Byuudoo suruinduce, entice
$B5v$9(B yurusu permit, allow
$B5qH]$9$k(Bkyohi sururefuse, reject
$B$+$o$9(B kawasu dodge
$BHr$1$k(B sakeru, yokeruavoid, evade
$B2sHr$9$k(Bkaihi suruavoid, dodge
$B4wHr$9$k(Bkihi suruavoid, dodge
$BJQ$o$k!(JQ$($k(Bkawaru; kaeruchange (vi; vt)
$BJQ99$9$k(Bhenkoo suruchange, modify, play a variation
$BBe$($k(B kaeru exchange, substitute
$B2~$a$k!(2~$^$k(Baratameru, aratamaru correct, renew (vi; vt)
$BE>$8$k(B tenjiru shift, be transferred, change
$B5UE>(B gyakuten(sudden) reversal, turnover (of an advantageous position in a disadvantageous position by a mistake in the late middle-game or end-game)
$B5UMQ(B(-)gyakuyoo suruuse against
$B%&%C%A%c%j(Butchari reversal (at the last moment)
$B@Z$jJV$7(Bkirigaeshiswitch back, rebound (n)
$BD7$MJV$k!((B~$BJV$9(B hane-kaeru; hane-kaesu rebound, spring back; kick back (vi; vt)
$B$d$V$($S$K$J$k(Byabuebi ni naruboomerang, rebound
$B%7%C%Z!shippeegaeshiretaliation
~$B$KBP$7$F(B-- ni taishiteagainst --, in answer to
~$B$K1~$8$F(B-- ni oojitein reponse to
$B1~$8$k!(1~$($k(Boojiru, kotaeruanswer, respond
$B1~BP$9$k(Bootai surudeal with, respond to
$B tegotae answer, resistance

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5.2.3) Opportunity and danger

$B;n$9!(;n$_$k(Btamesu, kokoromiru try
$B2DG=$K$J$k(Bkanoo ni narubecome impossible
$BIT2DG=(B fukanoo impossible
$BI,MW!"I,A3(Bhitsuyoo, hitsuzen necessity
$BMW$k!"MW$9$k(Biru, yoosuruneed, be necessary
$B5a$a$k(B motomeruseek
$B?R$M$k(B tazuneruseek, ask for
$B$D$+$`(B tsukamu grab, take hold of
$B$D$1$3$`(Btsukekomutake advantage of
$BM>M5(B yoyuu opportunity, scope, room
$BM>M5$rM?$($k(Byoyuu o ataerugive (the opponent) the opportunity to
$B5!!"5!2q(Bki, kikaichance
$BBT5!$9$k(Btaiki suruwait for one's chance
$B9%5!$K(B kooki niat the right moment, when the opportunity arrives
$B%A%c%s%9(Bchansu chance
$B%A%c%s%9$r1.$&(Bchance o ukagaulook for a chance
$Btegakariclue
$B;e8}!"%"%d(Bitoguchi, ayaclue
$B%"%d$r5a$a$k(Baya o motomerulook for a clue, seek complications
$B5^L3(B kyuumu urgent task, first priority
$B4m81(B kiken danger
$B4m5!(B kiki crisis, emergency
$B9KEO$j(B tsunawataridanger, tightrope walking
$BLq2p(B($B@iK|(B)yakkai (semban)(ten million) difficulties
$BFq6I(B nankyokudifficult, tough position (or: game)
$B5gCO(B kyuuchi dilemma, predicament
$BLLE](B mendoo trouble
$B:$Fq(B konnan trouble
$B:$$^$k(B komaru have trouble
$BHQ$&(B wazurau have trouble
$BLBOG(B meiwaku trouble
$B$b$D$l(B motsure tangle, difficulty
$B$b$D$l$k(Bmotsureruget tangled
$B$&$-L\(B ukime misery, misfortune
$B$&$-L\$r8+$k(Bukime o miruhave trouble

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5.2.4) Success and failure

$B@.H](B seihi success and/or failure
$B@.8y(B(-)seikoo success
$B@.N)(B(-)seiritsurealization
$B@.$jN)$D(Bnaritatsurealize
$B8y@S(B kooseki success, merit, achievement
$B minoru bear fruit, be successful
$Bjitsugenrealization
$BC#$9$k(B tassuru attain, realize; be experienced
$BC#@.$9$k(Btassei suruachieve, attain
$BAU8y(B(-)sookoo success, fruition
$B8+$D$+$k!(8+$D$1$k(B mitsukaru; mitsukeru be found, discovered; find, discover (vi; vt)
$B8+=P$9(B midasu discover, find out
$B8+Ev$k(B mi-atarunotice, be found
$B8+F($9(B minogasuoverlook, let pass
$B8+B;$J$&(Bmisokonaumiss, misjudge
$B8+Mn$9(B mi-otosumiss, overlook
$BH/8+(B(-)hakken discovery
$BH/4x(B(-)hakki realization
$BITH/(B fuhatsu misfire
$BF($9(B nogasu, nigasumiss; let escape
$B0o$9$k(B issuru miss
$B0o5!(B ikki missed chance, missed opportunity
$B te'ochi oversight
$BLUE@(B mooten blind spot
$B%_%9(B misu a miss, oversight, failure
$B%_%=(B miso a mess, failure (also: the point)
$B<:GT(B shippai mistake
$B%]%+(B poka blunder (cock-up)
$BGKC>(B hatan failure
$B:C@^(B(-)zasetsu failure, collapse, set-back
$B:R$$(B wazawai calamity, disaster
$B<+LG(B jimetsu suicide
$B4V0c$($k(Bmachigaerumake a mistake
$B8m$k(B ayamaru err, mistake
$B;EB;$&(B shisokonaublunder (v)
$B8m;;(B(-)gosan miscalculation
$BHH$9(B okasu commit (a mistake)
$BRk$a$k(B togamerupunish (a mistake)
$B:a$9$k(B tsumi surupunish
$BLB$&(B mayou lose one's way, be at a loss
$BLB$$(B mayoi delusion
$BL\$,$/$i$`(Bme ga kuramube blinded by
$BJ6$l$k(B magirerudistract, mislead, confuse
$BJ6$l(B magire confusing move
$B:x3P(B sakkaku hallucination

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6) Attack and defence

6.1) Attack

$B96$a$k(B semeru attack
$B96$a(B seme attack (n)
$B96$a8}(B semguchiopening, clue for the attack
$B96$aB-(B semeashifoothold for the attack
$B96$a9g$$(Bsemeai semeai, mutual attack, attacking race
$B96KI(B kooboo attack and defence
$B96@*(B koosei the offensive, attacking formation
$B96N,(B kooryakuinvasion, capture
$B@h@)967b(Bsensei-koogekifirst strike
$BB.96(B sokukoo quick, speedy attack
$BLT96(B mookoo wild, furious attack
$B=1$&(B osou attack
$B=1$$3]$+$k(Bosoi-kakarurush on, swoop down on
$B4q=1(B kishuu surprise attack
$B6/=1(B(-)kyooshuuassault, storming
$B5U=1(B gyakushuucounter attack
$B7b$D(B utsu attack, destroy
$B7^$(7b$D(Bmukae-utsuambush, await and attack the approaching enemy
$B7^7b(B geigeki ambush
$BH?7b!"5U967b(Bhangeki, gyakukoo-geki counter attack
$BFM$/(B tsuku attack, thrust (also: push a pawn)
$BFMF~$9$k(Btotsunyuu sururush in, plunge into
$BFMGK(B(-)toppa breakthrough
$B>WFM(B shoototsuclash, collision
$B7cFM(B gekitotsuclash, collision
$B7cF.(B gekitoo hard fight
$BAh$&(B arasou contend, contest, compete
$B6%Ah(B(-)kyoosoo competition, contest
$B6%$j9g$&(Bseri-au compete, vie for, contend with
$B$1$s$+(B(-)kenka fight, quarrel
$BD)$`(B idomu challenge
$BD)@o$9$k(Bchoosen suruchallenge, provoke
$B$$$8$a$k(Bijimeru tease, bully
$B$$$S$k(B ibiru tease
$BG:$^$9(B nayamasutrouble, annoy
$B8+$;$k(B miseru threaten (to take a piece; to play)
$B0R$9!"6<$9(Bodosu threaten
$B0R$7!"6<$7(Bodoshi threat, bluff
$B0RGw!"0R3E(Bihaku, ikakuthreat
$B6<$$(B kyooi threat
$B6<$+$9(B obiyaksuthreaten, force
$B6/$$$k(B shiiru (en)force, press for
$B6/MW$9$k(Bkyooyoo suruenforce, coerce
$BGw$^$k(B semaru force, press for, enroach upon
$B32(B(-)$B!"Ho32(B(-)gai, higaidamage (n)
$B32$&(B sokonau damage (v)
$B%Q%s%A(B panchi punch, hit
$B%N%C%/%"%&%H(Bnokku-autoknock-out
$B0lH/!"0lCF(Bippatsu, ichidan a shot, a charge
$BC%$&(B ubau take away
$BC%2s(B(-)dakkai recapture, recover
$BC%4T(B(-)dakkan recapture, recover
$BBG3+$9$k(Bdakai surubreak open
$BBG$A9~$`(Buchi komuinvade; drop inside the promotionzone
$B?/F~$9$k(Bshinnyuu suruinvade
$BJD$a9~$`(Bshime komushut in
$B$O$5$`(B($B64$`(B)hasamu pincer, attack from both sides
$B64$_7b$A(Bhasami-uchipincer attack
$B9J$k(B shiboru squeeze
$BJq$`(B tsutsumusurround, encircle
$BDI$&!"DI$$$+$1$k(B ou, oi kakeruchase, pursue
$BDI$$2s$9(Boi mawasuchase around
$BDI$$F$$A(Boi-uchi pursuit, attack
$BDI7b(B tsuigekipursuit, attack
$BGK$k(B yaburu break, destroy; defeat
$BGK2uNO(B hakairyokudestructive power
$BBGGK(B(-)daha destruction
$BBG$AGK$k(Buchiyaburudestroy
$BBG$A:U$/(Buchikudakusmash, crush
$BJx$9(B kuzusu demolish
$BJx2u(B hookai collapse
$BDY$9(B tsubusu crush
$B2!$7DY$9(Boshitsubusucrush
$B$3$o$l$k!($3$o$9(B kowareru; kowasu break, destroy (vi; vt)
$BMp$9!(Mp$k(Bmidasu; midaruput in disorder, tear apart
$BMp$l$k(B midarerube disorganized, be torn apart
$BMpK=(B ramboo violence
$B$4$A$c$4$A$c$9$k(B gochagochasurumake into a mess, jumble up
$B:.Mp(B konran chaos, confusion
$BOSNO(B wanryokubrute force. muscle
$BK=$l$k(B abareru rage, rave
$B?)$$$D$/(Bkuitsukufasten one's teeth on
$B;&$9(B korosu kill
$B;&E~$9$k(Bsattoo sururush in, storm, swoop down on
$B;B$k(B kiru kill
$B>.9o$_(B kokizamimincing, choppping into little pieces
$B;_$a$r;I$9(Btodome o sasugive the coup de grace, finish off

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6.2) Defence

$B ukeru defend; parry
$B uke defence
$Buke nashithere is no defence
$B@h sakiuke defence in advance
$Bukemi no taiseidefensive position
$Bukemi ni narube pushed into the defensive
$B ukaru be able to defend
$BKI$0!"5q$0(Bfusegu defend against, prevent, keep off
$BKI8f!"KI1R(Bboogyo, booeidefence, protection
$B mamoru defend, protect
$B shubi defence, protection
$B shusei the defensive (position)
$BHw$($k(B sonaeru prepare against
$B1~@o$9$k(Boosen suruaccept the challenge
$BH?1~(B hannoo reaction
$BH?$9$k(B hansuru resist, go against
$BH?H/(B(-)hampatsurepulsion, resistance
$BH?H/NO(B hampatsuryokurepulsive force
$BH?BP(B(-)hantai resistance
$BBP93(B(-)taikoo resistance
$BDq93(B(-)teikoo resistance
$BBP1~:v(B taioosakucounter-measures
$B=u$1$k!"1g$1$k(Btasukeruhelp, support, save
$B0l=u(B ichijo a support
$B;Y$($k(B sasaeru support
$B;Y$(@Z$l$J$$(Bsasaekirenaicannot be saved
$B1g73$rAw$k(Bengun o okurusend support troops
$B;_$a$k(B tomeru block, shut off, stop
$BIu$8$k(B fuujiru block, seal off
$BIu$89~$`(Bfuuji-komushut in, seal in
$BIu:?(B(-)fuusa blockade
$B40Iu(B(-)kampuu blockade
$BCG$k!"CG$D(Bkotowaru, tatsucut off; refuse, decline
$BCG$A@Z$k(Btachikirucut off, block
$B saegiru interrupt, block
$Bshadan suruinterrupt, block
$B;Y>c(B shishoo obstacle
$BAK$`(B habamu prevent, keep off
$BAK;_$9$k(Bshoshi suruprevent, keep off
$B2!$7JV$9(Boshi-kaesupush back
$B2!$7La$9(Boshi-modosupush back
$B@)$9$k(B seisuru control, keep under control
$B8#@)$9$k(Bkensei surucheck, restrain, constrain
$B<}=&$9$k(Bshuushuu surucontrol; save the situation
$BDI$&(B ou pursue, chase (away, off)
$BDI$$=P$9!"DI$$$d$k(B oi-dasu, oiyaruchase off
$BHr$1$k(B yokeru, sakeruprevent, avoid, dodge
$B2sHr(B(-)kaihi evasion, avoiding, dodging
$B$+$o$9(B kawasu avoid, dodge
$BF($2$k!"F($l$k(Bnigeru, nogareru run away, escape
$BF($2F;(B nigemichiescape route
$BAaF($2(B hayanigeearly escape (of king)
$BB`O)(B tairo escape (retreat) route
$BLH$l$k(B manugareruescape from, avoid
$BC&$9$k(B dassuru escape, break free
$BC&$1=P$9!"H4$1=P$9(B nuke-dasuescape, break free
$BC&$1F;(B nukemichiescape route, loophole
$BC&=P(B(-)dasshutsuescape (n)
$B>eItC&=P(Bjoobu dasshutsuescape up the board
$BMa$S$k(B abiru be flooded with
$B?)$&!"5J$9$k(Bkuu, kissuruget blows, have to swallow
$BN?$0(B shinogu endure, weather (the attack), tide over
$B$$$$N?$.(Bii shinogigood endurance, tiding it (the attack) over well
$B5_=P(B(-)kyuushutsurescue, deliverance
$B5_$$=P$9(Bsukui-dasuhelp, rescue
$B;`$L(B shinu die (be captured)
$B5/;`2s@8(Bkishi kaiseirevival
$B;D$k!(;D$9(Bnokoru; nokosuremain, be spared; leave behind (vi; vt)
$BM>$5$l$k(Bamasarerube saved, remain
$BG4$k(B nebaru stick to, persist, keep putting up some resistance
$B4hD%$k(B gambaru do one's best, persist, do not resign (against all the odds)

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7) Analysis

7.1) Common terms

$B>R2p(B(-)shookai introduction
$B2r@b(B(-)kaisetsuexplanation, commentary
$B@bL@(B(-)setsumeiexplanation, elucidation
$BJ,@O(B(-)bunseki analysis
$B8&5f(B(-)kenkyuu investigation
$B8!F$(B(-)kentoo investigation, experiment
$BD4$Y$k(B shiraberuinvestigate
$BC5$k(B saguru investigate
$B7!$j2<$2$k(Bhorisagerudig out
$BM}O@(B riron theory
$BM}2r(B(-)rikai understanding
$BM}M3(B riyuu reason
$B4}M}(B kiri Shogi theory
$B7kO@(B ketsuronconclusion
$B7k2LO@(B kekkarondiscussion about results; post-mortem
$B7k2L(B kekka result, effect
$BI>2A(B(-)hyooka evaluation
$B4}Ih(B kifu game record
$B jissenfurecord of an actual game
$BK\Ih(B hompu this game, the game
$B2q?4Ih(B kaishimpufavourite game
$B<+@o5-(B jisenki commentary of own game
$B4Q@o5-(B kansenkicommentary of other's game
$BFI$`(B yomu read; analysis, see ahead

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7.2) Diagrams

$B?^(B zu diagram
$BLdBj?^(B mondaizuproblem diagram
$B4pK\?^(B kihonzu basic diagram
$B;29M?^(B sankoozureference diagram
$BESCf?^(B tochuuzuintermediate diagram
$B:F7G?^(B saikeizurepeat diagram
$BEjN;?^(B tooryoozuresign diagram
$B?^$^$G$N;X$7$F(Bzu made o sashite moves up to the diagram
$B?^0J2<$N;X$7$F(Bzu ikka no sashite move from the diagram onwards
$B>e2<5U$K$7$?(Bjooge gyaku ni shita with Black and White reversed

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7.3) Comparison

$BHf$Y$k!(3S$Y$k(Bkuraberucompare
$BHf$9$k(B hisuru compare
$BHf3S(B(-)hikaku comparison
$BHf3S8!F$(Bhikaku-kentoocomparitive analysis
$B6hJL(B(-)kubetsu difference
$B;w$k(B niru resemble
$B0[$J$k(B kotonarudiffer from; be wrong
$B0c$&(B chigau differ from; be wrong
$BF1$8$N(B onaji nothe same
$BJL$N(B betsu noother, different
$B$[$+$N(B($BB>$N(B)hoka no other alternative
$B:9(B sa difference
$BBg:9(B taisa big difference
$BHy:9(B bisa slight difference
$BM%Nt(B yuuretsusuperiority and inferiority, better and/or worse
$BM%$k(B masaru be better
$BNt$k(B otoru be worse
$BM%@*(B yuusei better position
$BNt@*(B ressei worse position
$BM-Mx(B yuuri advantage, profit
$BITMx(B furi disadvantage
$BMxE@(B riten advantage
$B0lMx0l32(Bichiri-ichigaiadvantages and disadvantages
$B%W%i%9(B purasu plus point
$B%^%$%J%9(Bmainasu minus point
$B8_3Q(B gokaku equal, balanced
$B$$$$>!Ii(Bii shoobua good game, equal chances
$B$3$l$+$i$N>-4}(Bkore kara no shoogi equal position
$BF@(B toku profit, gain (of material)
$BB;(B son loss
$B4]F@(B marudokupure profit
$B4]B;(B maruzon pure loss
$BF@$k(B eru get, gain
$BF@$9$k(B tokusuruprofit, gain
$BF@0U$N(B tokui nofavourite
$BB;$:$k(B sonzuru loss
$BB;$&(B sokonau injure, spoil, miss (an opportunity)
$B<:$&(B ushinau lose
$B$J$/$9(B nakusu lose, get rid of
$BJ]$D(B tamotsu keep

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7.4) Evaluation

7.4.1) Positive

$BNI$$!"$$$$(Byoi, ii good
$BBg$-$$(B ookii big
$B$&$^$$(B umai skillful, good
$B9*$_$J(B takumi naingenious, smart
$B6/$$(B tsuyoi strong
$BM-NO$J(B yuuryoku napowerful
$BM-Mx$J(B yuuri naprofitable, advantageous
$BM-8z$J(B yuukoo naeffective
$Btegiwa yoiefficient
$B87$7$$(B kibishiisevere
$B7c$7$$(B hageshiisevere, violent
$B@5$7$$(B tadashiicorrect, right
$B@5Ev$J(B seitoo nacorrect
$BE,Ev$J(B tekitoo nasuitable, proper
$B;jEv$J(B shitoo nasuitable, reasonable
$BAjEv$J(B sootoo naadequate, suitable
$B==J,$J!"=juubun nasufficient
$BK~B-$J(B manzoku nasatisfactory, sufficient
$BBg@Z$J!"Bg;v$J(Btaisetsu na, daiji na important
$B4N?4$J(B kanjin naessential
$B4NMW$J(B kanyoo nanecessary
$BI,MW$J(B hitsuyoo nanecessary
$BAa$$!"B.$$(Bhayai early, quick
$B7Z$$(B karui light
$B=@$i$+$$!"Fp$i$+$$(B yawarakaigentle, flexible
$B8|$$(B atsui thick, solid
$B=E8|$J(B juukoo nathick, solid
$BB@$$(B futoi thick, massive
$B7x$$!"katai, tegataisolid, strong
$Be:No$J(B kirei nanice, pretty
$B8+;v$J(B migoto nabeautiful
$BN)GI$J(B rippa naexcellent
$BAG@2$i$7$$(Bsubarashiisplendid
$B@dL/$J(B zetsumyoo nasublime, brilliant
$BHyL/$J(B bimyoo nasubtle
$B=B$$(B shibui shibui (quiet, sober, plain and yet elegant)
$B$7$c$l$?(Bshareta stylish, smart
$BLLGr$$(B omoshiroiinteresting, favorable
$B3Z$7$$!"L{2w$J(Btanoshii, yukai na pleasant
$BL@$k$$!"L@$i$+$J(B akarui, akiraka na clear
$B$d$5$7$$(Byasashiieasy
$B4JC1$J(B kantan naeasy. simple
$BMF0W$$!"MF0W$J(Btayasui, yooi na easy
$B<+A3$N(B shizen nonatural
$BEvA3$N(B toozen nonatural, proper
$BBg>fIW$J(Bdaijoobu nasafe, alright, o.k.
$BL5;v$J(B buji na safe, uneventful
$B0BA4$J(B anzen nasafe, secure
$B2:$d$+$J(Bodayaka nacalm
$B$*$H$J$7$$(Botonashiicalm (mature)
$BCe chakujitsu nacalm, steady
$BD@Ce$J(B chinchaku nacalm, selfcomposed
$B@E$+$J(B shizukanaquiet
$BNd@E$J(B reisei nacool, cold-blooded
$BMn$ACe$$$?(Bochitsuitacalm, quiet
$B?5=E$J(B shinchoo nacareful
$BMQ?4$J(B yoojin nacareful
$B<+=E$J(B jichoo naprudent, careful
$BCzG+$J(B teinei nacareful
$B2fK}6/$$(Bgamanzuyoipatient
$BG4$j6/$$(Bnebarizuyoitenacious, tough, persistent
$B?46/$$(B kokorozuyoiencouraging
$BBgC@$J(B daitan nacourageous
$B2L4:$J(B kakan nabold, resolute
$B;W$$@Z$C$?(Bomoikittadetermined, bold, drastic
$B5!IR$J(B kibin nashrewd, clever
$B7ZL/$J(B keimyoo nasmart
$B9*L/$J(B koomyoo naingenious
$B@Q6KE*$J(Bsekkyokuteki napositive, active

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7.4.2) Negative

$B0-$$(B warui bad
$B>.$5$$(B chiisai small
$B$&$^$/$$$+$J$$(Bumaku ikanaiis not skillful, won't do
$B$^$:$$(B mazui poor, bad
$B yowai weak
$BL5NO$J(B muryoku napowerless, impotent
$BL5Mx$J(B muri na unprofitable, unreasonable
$B4E$$(B amai (too) lenient, lax, slack
$B4K$$(B yurui weak, slack
$BAGD>$J(B sunao nameek, tame
$B%@%a(B($BBLL\(B)$B$J(Bdame na bad
$B5?Ld$N(B gimon nodubious, questionable
$B5?$o$7$$(Butagawashiidoubtful, dubious
$B4V0c$C$?(Bmachigattamistaken, wrong
$B8m$C$?(B ayamattamistaken, wrong
$B$Q$C$H$7$J$$(Bpatto shinaiunsatisfactory
$BITK~$J(B fuman naunsatisfactory, insufficient
$BITMW$J(B fuyoo nanot necessary
$BL5MQ$J(B muyoo nanot necessary, no use, futile
$B%`%@(B($BL5BL(B)$B$J(Bmuda na futile
$BCY$$(B osoi slow, late
$B=E$$(B omoi (omotai)heavy (clumsy)
$BGv$$!"usui, teusuithin, not solid (also: scarce, short of)
$B$b$m$$(B moroi vulnerable, fragile
$B$R$I$$(B hidoi terrible
$BBgJQ$J(B taihen naterrible
$BL\>c$j$J(Bmezawari navery ugly
$B$D$^$i$J$$(Btsumaranaiboring, trifling, stupid
$B$/$@$i$J$$(Bkudaranaiworthless
$BLq2p$J(B yakkai natroublesome
$BLLE]$J(B mendoo natroublesome, difficult, unpleasant
$B$&$k$5$$(Burusai irritating, annoying
$BITL{2w$J(Bfuyukai naunpleasant
$B%$%d$J!"7y$$$J(Biya na, kirai na unpleasant
$BDK$$(B itai painful
$B?I$$(B tsurai painful, hard, bitter
$B6l$7$$(B kurushiipainful, hard, strained
$BFq$7$$(B muzukashiidifficult
$BJ#;($J(B fukuzatsu nacomplicated
$BFq2r$J(B nankai nadifficult
$B4m$$(B abunai dangerous
$B4m81$J(B kiken nadangerous
$B:]$I$$(B kiwadoi narrow, close; dangerous, adventurous
$BIT5$L#$J(Bfukimi naominous, uncanny
$B5^$7$$!"K;$7$$(Bisogashiihasty
$B7ZN($J(B keisotsu narash, hasty
$BL5KE$J(B muboo nareckless, thoughtless
$B$&$+$D$J(Bukatsu nacareless, silly
$B7|L?$J(B kenmei nodesperate, eager
$B%a%A%c%/%A%c$J(Bmechakucha naunreasonable, incoherent
$B%`%A%c%/%A%c$J(Bmuchakucha nacrazy, disordered
$BL? inochitori nofatal
$BI]$$(B kowai fearful, frightening
$B22IB$J(B okubyoo nacowardish, timid
$B$0$:$0$:$J(Bguzuguzu nairresolute, wavering, slow
$B%P%+(B($BGObaka na stupid
$B>C6KE*$J(Bshookyokuteki na passive, negative

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8) Psychology

8.1) Feelings

$B5$(B ki mind, mood, spirit
$B5$$K$9$k(Bki ni surumind, care, take to heart
$B5$$K$J$k(Bki ni naruweigh on the mind, get on one`s nerves
$B5$$,$D$/(Bki ga tsukube aware of, notice
$B5$$r$D$1$k(Bki o tsukerube attentive of, take care of
$B5$$,H4$1$k(Bki ga nukerube discouraged
$B5$;}(B kimochi feeling, mood
$B5$9g$$(B kiai feeling, temper
$B5$9g$$H4$1(Bkiainukediscouragement
$B6/5$(B tsuyoki braveness, strong spirit
$B yowaki fearfulness, weak spirit
$B46$8$k(B kanjiru feel, sense, have the impression that
$B46F0(B kandoo impression, emotion
$B463P(B kankaku feeling, sensation
$B46?4(B kanshin admiration, wonder
$B9%$`(B konomu like
~$B$,9%$-$@(B-- ga suki dalike, be fond of
$B7y$&(B kirau dislike
$B3Z$7$`(B tanoshimuenjoy
$B3Z$7$_$K$J$k(Btanoshimi ni naru look forward to
$B4j$&(B negau hope, wish
$BK>$`(B nozomu hope, wish
$B4uK>(B(-)$B!"BTK>(B(-) kiboo, taiboohope, expectation
$BBT$AK>$`(Bmachinozomuexpect, look forward to
$B@dK>(B(-)zetsuboodespair
$B<:K>(B(-)shitsuboodisappointment, despair
$BM_K>(B(-)yokuboo desire, appetite
$BM_D%$k(B yokubarube covetous, be greedy
~$B$,$[$7$$$@(B-- ga hoshii dawant --
$BK~B-(B(-)manzoku satisfaction
$BITK~(B fuman dissatisfaction
$B<}$^$k(B osamaru be satisfied
$B0RD%$k(B ibaru be proud, swagger
$B2y$d$`(B kuyamu regret
$B8e2y(B(-)kookai regret (n)
$B;DG0(B(-)zannen regret, chagrin
$B8}2y$7$$(Bkuyashiifrustrating, regrettable
$BCQ$:$+$7$$(Bhazukashiiashamed, shameful
$B6C$/(B odoroku be surprised, frightened
$B%S%C%/%j$9$k(Bbikkuri surube surprised, frightened
$B$O$C$H$9$k(Bhatto surube surprised, frightened
$B0UI=(B ihyoo surprise (n)
$B0UI=$r$D$1$k(Bihyoo o tsukerusurprise (v)
$B62$l$k(B osoreru fear
$B62I](B kyoofu fear
$BI]$,$k(B kowagarufear
$B62$m$7$$(Bosoroshiifrightening
$BI]$$(B kowai frightening, fearful
$B?4G[(B(-)shimpai worry, apprehension
$BIT0B(B(-)fuan uneasiness, anxiety
$B0B?4(B(-)anshin relief
$B92$F$k(B awateru be nervous, panic, hurry
$B:$$k(B komaru have problems, be in trouble
$B:$Fq(B konnan troubles
$BG:$`(B nayamu suffer, be annoyed
$B?IJz(B(-)shimboo patience
$B2fK}(B gaman patience, endurance
$BN?$0(B shinogu endure, weather, tide over

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8.2) Thoughts

$B?46-(B shinkyoomental attitude
$B=i?4(B shoshin the beginner's heart, the original attitude or intentions
$B6l?4(B kushin trouble, toils, pains
$BMQ?4(B(-)yooshin care, caution
$B7h?4(B(-)kesshin determination, resolution
$B;W$&(B omou think, have the opinion that
$B;W$$=P$9(Bomoidasuremember
$B;W$$=P(B omoide memory, remembrance
$B;WA[(B shisoo thought
$B9M$($k(B kangaeruthink (about), consider
$BD99M(B chookoo long deliberation (thinking long about a move, usually longer than about 30 minutes)
$B=O9M(B(-)jukukoo, jukkoodue consideration, mature reflection
$B=ON8(B(-)jukuryo id.
$B9)IW(B(-)kufuu surucontrive, think of (a new plan, a new move)
$BJ,$+$k(B wakaru be clear; understand
$BCN$C$F$$$k(Bshitte iruknow
$B0U(B i idea, thought, meaning
$B0UL#(B imi meaning
$B0U;V(B ishi will
$B0UCO(B ichi will-power, perseverance
$B0U8+(B iken opinion
$BCm0U(B(-), $BCmL\(B(-) chuui, chuumokuattention
$BMQ0U(B(-)yooi care, preparation
$BN10U(B(-)ryuui serious consideration
$B@o0U(B seni fighting spirit
$B0U?^!"4k?^(Bito, kitoplan
$B?.$8$k(B shinjirutrust, believe
$B?.MQ(B(-)shinyoo trust, confidence
$B<+?.(B($B$,$J$$(B)jishin (ga nai)(have no) (self-)confidence
$B5?$&(B utagau doubt
$BA[A|(B soozoo imagination
$B46A[(B kansoo impression
$BCeA[(B chakusooidea
$BM}A[(B risoo ideal
$BM=A[(B yosoo expectation
$BM=A[30(B yosoogaiunexpected
$BM=Dj(B yotei plan, expectation
$BM=DjDL$j(Byotei-doorias expected
$B$O$+$k(B hakaru plan
$BH=CG$9$k(Bhandan surudecide, judge, conclude
$B7A@*H=CG(Bkeisei-handanpositional judgement
$B7h$^$k!(7h$a$k(Bkimaru; kimerube decided, be fixed; decide, settle, fix (vi; vt)
$B7h$9$k(B kessuru decide, judge, settle
$B=E;k$9$k(Bjuushi surutake into serious consideration
$B7Z;k$9$k(Bkeishi suruslight, ignore, neglect
$BBU$k(B okotaru neglect, be off guard
$B%\%s%d%j$9$k(Bbonyari surube inattentive, careless
$B9=$&(B kamau care about, pay attention to
$B3P8g(B(-)kakugo insight, expectation, resignation
$B;!$9$k(B sasuru guess, sense
$B;!CN(B satchi deduction
$B?d;!(B(-)suisatsuguess, deduction
$BF05!(B dooki motive

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9) Professional Shogi

9.1) Organization

$B>-4}=j(B shoogidokoro(Head of) the Board of Shogi (1612-1866)
$B0l@$L>?M(Bichi-yo meijinFirst Lifetime Meijin (Ohashi Sokei, 1555-1634)
$B=*@8L>?M@)(Bshuusei meijin-sei Lifetime Meijin system (1612-1937)
$B?M@)(Bjitsuryoku meijin-sei Real Strength Meijin system (1937- )
$BF|K\>-4}O"LA(BNihon Shoogi Renmei Japan Shogi Federation (established in Tokyo, 8-9-'24)
$B;YIt(B shibu local branch, local club
$B?7?J4};N>)Ne2q(BShinshin Kishi Shoorei-kaiApprentice Professionals' Association
$B=wN.0i@.2q(BJoryuu Ikusei-kai Women's Training Association

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9.2) Periodicals of the J.S.F

$B>-4}@$3&(BShoogi Sekai(monthly)
$B>-4}%^%,%8%s(BShoogi Magajin(monthly)
$B>-4}(B($B;YIt5!4X;o(B) Shoogi (Shibu Kikanshi) (Local Branch Quarterly)
$B>-4}G/4U(BShoogi NenkanShogi Yearbook
$B=54V>-4}(BShuukan ShoogiShogi Weekly
$B>-4}%8%c!<%J%k(BShogi Journal(monthly)

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9.3) Teacher and pupil

$B;U(B($B>"(B) shi(shoo)master, teacher
$B;UDo4X78(Bshitei-kankeiteacher-pupil relationship
$B2f$,;U$N28(Bwaga shi no onthe kindness of my (our) teacher, the obligation to my (our) teacher
$BDo;R!"Lg?M(Bdeshi, monjinpupil
$BDoDo;R(B otooto deshiyounger pupil
$BFbDo;R(B uchi deshiprivate pupil (living in)
$B=$6H;~Be(Bshuugyoo jidaithe years of study
$BL> meishu expert (also: famous move)
$B wakashu young player
$B@lLg4};N(Bsemmonkishiprofessional player
$B>!Ii;N(B shoobushiprofessional player

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9.4) Ranking

$B5i(B kyuu kyu (lower grade)
$BCJ(B dan dan (higher grade)
A$B5i=g0L@o(BA-kyuu junisenA-class Ranking Match (winner becomes Meijin challenger) (professional dan grades, from 4th to 9th dan are determined by the various Ranking Matches)
~$B@$L>?M(B-- yo meijin-- Lifetime Meijin (hon. title, nowadays awarded after winning the Meijin title five times)
$BA0L>?M(B zen-meijinformer meijin
$BB#L>?M(B zoo-meijinpostumous meijin
$BL>M@L>?M(Bmeiyo-meijinhonorary meijin

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9.5) Title matches and tournaments

9.5.1) Major matches and tournaments

$BN52&@o(B Ryuuoo-sen(first held in 1988) (Ryuo...Kio are the seven major titles)
$BL>?M@o(B Meijin-sen(1937)
$B4}@;@o(B Kisei-sen(Fall 1962)
$B2&0L@o(B Ooi-sen (1960)
$B2&:B@o(B Ooza-sen(1953)
$B2&>-@o(B Ooshoo-sen(1950)
$B4}2&@o(B Kioo-sen(1974)
$B?7?M2&@o(BShinjin-oo-senNew Stars' King (1970)
$BA4F|K\%W%m%H!<%J%a%s%H(B Zen-Nihon Puro ToonamentoAll Japan Pro (1982-2001)
$BE72&@o(B Tennoo-sen(1985)
$B%*!<%k%9%?!<>!H4@o(B Ooru-staa Kachi-nuki sen All Stars Tournament (1978)
$BWaka Shishi-senYoung Lions (1977)
$B Waka Goma-senYoung Colts (1978)
$BF|K\%7%j!<%:(BNihon ShiriizuJapan Series (1980)
$BAa;X$7A*Hayasashi Senshukensen Quick Shogi Championship (1972)
$BAa;X$7?71T@o(BHayasashi Shineisen Quick Shogi New Pick (1982)
NHK$BGUAhC%@o(BNHK Hai Soodatsusen NHK (Nihon Hoosoo Kai) Cup (1951)
$B=wN.L>?M0L@o(BJoryuu Meijin'i-sen Women's Meijin Match (1974)
$B=wN.2&>-@o(BJoryuu Ooshoo-sen Women's Osho Match (1978)
$B=wN.2&0L@o(BJoryuu Ooi-senWomen's Oi Match (1989)
$B%l%G%#!<%9(B.$B%*!<%Z%s(B.$B%H!<%J%a%s%H(B Rediisu Oopun ToonamentoLadies Open Tournament (1987)
$B==CJ@o(B Juudan-senTenth Dan Match (1962-1987)
$B6eCJ@o(B Kyuudan-senNinth Dan Match (1950-1961)
$BL>>-@o(B Meishou-sen(1964-1978)
IBM$BGU=g0L@o>:5iIBM Hai JunisenIBM Cup Battle of the Ranking
$B7cFM@o$$(BShookyuusha Gekitotsu sen Match Promotions (1989)
$BIY;NDLGU%"%^(B.$B%W%m%H!<%J%a%s%H@o(B Fujitsuu Hai Ama-puro Toonamento-sen Fujitsu Cup Amateur-ProTournament (1989)

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9.5.2) Setting

$B8x<04}@o(Bkooshiki kisenformal (title) match
$B8x3+BP6I(Bkookai taikyokupublic game
$B$*9%$_BP6I(Bo-konomi taikyoku friendly game
$BBg2q(B taikai tournament (amateur)
$B%?%$%H%k%^%C%A(Btaitoru matchititle match
$BM%>!(B yuushoo championship
$BA*senshukensenchampionship, title match
$BM=@o(B yosen elimination match, primary heats
$B0lichiji yosenthe first (elimination) round
($B=`(B)$B7h>!@o(B(jun)kesshoosen(semi)finals
$BD)@o(B choosen candidate match
$BK\@o(B honsen the actual (title) match
$BGF$r6%$j9g$&(Bha o seriauvie, compete for the championship
$B==O"GF(B juu rempawinning the championship ten times in a row
$B4'(B kammuri crown, major title
$B;0(B,$B;M(B,$B8^4'2&(Bsan-, yon-, go- kan'oo holding 3, 4, 5 titles
$B<:4'(B(-)shikkan loss of major title
$B%+%IHV(B kado-banmatch point
$B0l(B,$BFs0L(Bichi-, ni-ifirst, second place
$B=10L(B shuui succession to the title
$BKI1R(B booei defending the title
$BC% dasshu taking the title, winning the title
$B>:5i(B(-)shookyuupromotion
$B9_5i(B(-)kookyuu degradation
$B4YMn(B(-)kanraku degradation; fall; defeat
$B=P>l shutsubashaparticipant(s)
$B%?%$%H%kJ];}taitoru hojishatitle holder
$BD)@o choosenshachallenger
$BM%>! yuushooshawinner, champion
$BGT haisha loser
$BN)$A9g$$?M(Btachiaijinreferee
$B5-O?78(B kiroku-kakariperson in charge of the game record
$BFI$_>e$2$N?M(Byomi-age no hito time keeper (reading off seconds during byoyomi)
$B95<<(B hikaeshitsuanteroom
$B shusaishisponsoring newspaper

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9.5.3) Time keeping

$B;~4V(B jikan time; an hour
$B;~(B (1) tokitime, moment
(2) ji hour
$BJ,(B fun minute(s)
$BIC(B byoo second(s)
$BICFI$_(B byooyomireading off the seconds
$B;}$A;~4V(Bmochijikanavailable time
$B>CHq;~4V(Bshoohijikanused time
$B;D$j$N;~4V(Bnokori no jikanremaining time
$B;~4V@Z$l(Bjikangireout of time, expiration of (available) time
$B0lJ,>-4}(Bippun shoogione minute Shogi (having only one minute left for each move)
$B%N!<%?%$%`$G(Bnoo taimu dein 'no time' (playing a move in less than one minute, so no time is substracted from the available time)
$BJs;~$9$k(Bhooji surureport the time

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9.6) Special awards

$B>-4}1IM@>^(BShoogi Eiyo-shoo the Award of Honor (awarded by the JSF after 600 wins in official tournaments)
$B>-4}Bg>^(BShoogi DaishooThe Great Shogi Award
$B:GM%=(4};N>^(BSaiyuushuu Kishi Shoo Award for the Best Player of the Year
$B^(B ShukunshooAward for Best Performance
$B4:F.>^(B KantooshooAward for Fighting Spirit
$B5;G=>^(B GinooshooAward for Technique

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10) Shogi proverbs

10.1) Gyoku/King

$B2&Oote wa oote
Check your checks (lit. A check is a chasing move)
$B2& Oote yori mo shibari (to hisshi)
Squeeze (and hisshi) first, check later
$B6L$N Gyoku no mamori wa kin gin sammai
Defend the king with three generals
$B6LHt6a$9$Y$+$i$:(B
Gyoku hi chikasubekarazu
Don't put king and rook close to each other
$B6L$HHt Gyoku to hisha wa hantai no ichi e
Move king and rook to opposite squares
$B6L$O3Q6Z$rHr$1$h(B
Gyoku wa kakusuji o sake yo
Don't put the king on the bishop's diagonal
$B6L$NAaF($2$OH, Gyoku no hayanige wa hatte no toku ari
Early escape of the king gains eight moves
$B6L$N%3%S%s$rA@$((B
Gyoku no kobin o nerae
Aim at the king's ears
$B6L$OJq$`$h$&$K4s$;$h(B
Gyoku wa tsutsumu yoo ni yose yo
Approach the king by surrounding him
$B6L$NB`O)$rCG$F(B
Gyoku no tairo o tate
Cut off the king's escape route
$B6L$O2 Gyoku wa gedan ni otose
Drive the king to the back rank
$B6L$NJ"$+$i6d$rBG$F(B
Gyoku no hara kara gin o ute
Drop a silver at the king's belly
$B5o6L$OHr$1$h(B
Igyoku wa sake yo
Avoid a sitting king (a sitting king is a sitting duck)
$BC<6L$K$OC Hashigyoku ni wa hashifu
Against the edge king push the edge pawn
$B5o6L$K$OHt Igyoku ni wa hisha yori kaku
Against a sitting king the bishop is stronger than the rook
$B0lCJ6L$K$OFsCJHt Ichidan-gyoku ni wa nidan-hisha
Against the king on the first rank, the rook on the second rank
$BE(Ht$N0LCV$r8+$F<+6L$r0O$((B
Tekihi no ichi o mite jigyoku o kakoe
Castle your king after seeing where the rook moves to

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10/2) Fu/Pawn

$B0lJb@i6b(B
Ichifu senkin
A pawn is worth a thousand golds
$BFsJb@i6b(B
Nifu senkin
A double pawn is worth a thousand golds. (Apocryphal version of (1), from the cartoon 'Tokin no Shoo-chan' by Shintamo Atsushi.)
$B;0Jb;}$C$?$i7Q$.Jb$HC<96$a(B
San-fu mottara tsugifu to hashizeme
With three pawns in hand, look for a joining pawns attack or an edge attack
$BJb$N$J$$>-4}$OIi$1>-4}(B
Fu no nai shoogi wa makeshoogi
Without pawns (in hand) the game is lost
$BJb5M$a$K5M$_$"$j(B
Fuzume ni tsumi ari
If there is a mate with a pawn drop, there is a legal mate too
$B;E3]$1$OJb$NFM$- Shikake wa fu no tsukisute kara
Start the fight with a pawn sacrifice
$B-4}$OC Te no nai shoogi wa hashifu o tsuke
If you're stuck for moves, push the edge pawn
$BC<$K Hashi ni te ari
There is always a move at the edge
$BCf9g$KL/ Chuuai ni myooshu ari
Interposing a pawn makes a splendid move
$BFsKg49$($J$iJb$H$b$;$h(B
Nimaigae nara fu to mose yo
Take two pieces for one even if they are pawns
$B$H6b$N$*$=Aa(B
Tokin no osohaya
The tokin is faster than you think
$B#5;0$N$H6b$KIi$1$J$7(B
Go-san no tokin ni make nashi
A tokin on 5c cannot lose
$BHt@h$N8r49;0$D$NF@$"$j(B
Hisaki no kookan mittsu no toku ari
Exchanging the rook pawn has three advantages
$B6bDl$NJb$O4d$h$j8G$7(B
Kinsoko no fu wa iwa yori katashi
A pawn-anchored gold is more solid than a rock
$BJb1[6d$OJb$G Fugoshigin wa fu de uke yo
Against the silver in front of its pawns, defend with a pawn
$BJb1[6d$O5^@o!"JbFb6b$O;}5W@o(B
Fugoshigin wa kyuusen, fu-uchikin wa jikyuusen
Silver in front of its pawns -- quick attack, gold behind its pawns -- slow game
$BLpAR0O$KC Yaguragakoi ni hashifu o tsuku na
In the Yagura, don't push the edge pawn
$BLpAR0O$KC Yaguragakoi ni hashifu o tsukubeshi
In the Yagura, push the edge pawn
$B2#Jb;0G/$N$o$:$i$$(B
Yokofu sannen no wazurai
To take the side-pawn is to grasp the nettle (obs.)
$B2#Jb$r Yokofu o tore
Just take the side pawn
$B3Q49$o$j>-4}$K#56Z$rFM$/$J(B
Kakugawari shoogi ni go suji o tsuku na
In the Bishop Exchange, don't push the central pawn
$B8x6?$N0LE]$l(B
Kuge no kuraidaore
A vanguard pawn is difficult to maintain (lit. The court noble can not live up to his rank)
$B#58^$N0L$OE72&;3(B
Go-go no kurai wa Tennoozan
The 5e vanguard pawn is the Tenno Mountain
$B9g$;Jb$G0L$rC%4T(B
Awasefu de kurai o dakkan
Recapture the vanguard pawn with the opposing pawn (tesuji)
$BH~G;0O$$$K$OC<96$a(B
Minoogakoi ni wa hashizeme
Against the Mino, an edge attack
$BLpAR$K$O7Q$.Jb96$a(B
Yagura ni wa tsugifuzume
Against the Yagura, the joining pawns attack
$B>GE@$KJb$rBG$F(B
Shooten ni fu o ute
Drop a pawn on the focal point

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10.3) Kei to kyoo/Knight and Lance

$B7KGO$N9b$H$SJb$N1B?)(B
Keima no takatobi fu no ejiki
The knight that jumps far falls prey to a pawn
$B7KGO$O95$($FBG$F(B
Keima wa hikaete ute
Drop the knight towards the rear
$B;07K$"$l$P5M$^$L$3$H$J$7(B
San-kei areba tsumanu koto nashi
With three knights in hand, there must be a mate
$B9a$O2 Kyoo wa gedan kara ute
Drop the lance on the back rank
$B9a$ON%$7$FBG$F(B
Kyoo wa hanashite ute
Drop the lances at a distance

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10.4) Kin to gin/Gold and Silver

$B6b$J$7>-4}$K Kin nashi shoogi ni uke-te nashi
Without gold in hand there is no defence
$B6b$O;_$a$K;D$;(B
Kin wa todome ni nokose
Save the gold till the end (for the coup the grace)
$B6b$O Kin wa naname ni sasoe
Entice the gold diagonally forwards
$B6b6d$N5U7A$OL56Z$J$j(B
Kin-gin no gyakukei wa musuji nari
With gold and silver reversed (gold standing above silver), you're bound to get in trouble
$B0lCJ6b$KHt Ichidan kin ni hishasute ari
With a gold on your back rank you can sacrifice the rook
$B6d$O@iD;$K;H$&(B
Gin wa chidori ni tsukae
Use the silver like a plover (moving zigzag)
$BJI6d$rD>$;(B
Kabegin o naose
Mend the wall-silver
$B7K@h$N6dDj@W$J$j(B
Keisaki no gin jooseki nari
Silver at the head of the (opponent's) knight is the standard move

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10.5) Hi to kaku/Rook and Bishop

$BBg6p$O6a$E$1$F Oogoma wa chikazukete uke yo
Defend against major pieces by drawing them closer
$BBg6p$N Oogoma no sute-dokoro kanyoo nari
Don't be afraid to sacrifice major pieces
$BHt3Q$Nl4N?U$J$j(B
Hi-kaku no suteba kanjin nari
Don't be afraid to sacrifice rook or bishop
$B=xHW$OHt Joban wa hisha yori kaku
In the opening the bishop is more important than the rook
$BN5$OE(?X$K!"GO$O<+?X(B
Ryuu wa tekijin ni, uma wa jijin
The dragon to the enemy camp, the horse to your own
$BHt Hisha no yokogiki uke ni tsuyoshi
The sideways action of the rook is strong in defence
$BHt Hisha to gyoku wa kobin ga yowai
Rook and king are weak at the ears
$BHt Hisha no shuhei wa gin
The rook's page is the silver
$B?6Ht Furibisha ni wa kakukookan o nerae
Against the ranging rook aim at bishop exchange
$B3Q$K$O3Q$GBP93(B
Kaku ni wa kaku de taikoo
Oppose bishop with bishop (Against bishop resist with bishop)
$B1s8+$N3Q$KL/ Toomi no kaku ni myooshu ari
With a watchtower bishop there is bound to be a brilliant move
$B;}5W@o$K$O3Q$, Jikyuusen ni wa kaku ga shuuyaku
In a slow game the bishop has the leading role

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10.6) Other

$BE($NBG$A$?$$$H$3$m$XBG$F(B
Teki no uchitai tokoro e ute
Drop where your opponent wants to drop
$BN> Ryootori nigeru ni oyobazu
Don't run from a fork
$BN> Ryootori nigerubekarazu
Don't run from a fork
$BM7$S6p$r3hMQ$;$h(B
Asobigoma o katsuyou se yo
Activate idle pieces
$BIb$-6p$rA@$((B
Ukigoma o nerae
Aim at floating pieces
$BN%$l6p$K Hanaregoma ni te ari
If there are loose pieces, you won't be stuck for a move
$B=*HW!J4s$;!K$O6p$NB;F@$h$jB.EY(B
Shuuban (yose) wa koma no sondoku yori sokudo
In the endgame (yose) speed is more important than material
$B96$a$k$O Semeru wa mamoru nari
Attack is the best defence
$B96$a$J$$>-4}$K>!L\$J$7(B
Seme nai shoogi ni kachime nashi
Without attack, there is no chance of winning
$B96$a$NB->l$r;D$;(B
Seme no ashiba o nokose
Keep the foothold for the attack
$B>!$A>-4}$O54$NG!$7(B
Kachishoogi wa oni no gotoshi
A won game is like a devil
$B$&$^$9$.$kFI$_6Z$K$OCm0U$;$h(B
Umasugiru yomisuji ni wa chuui se yo
Take heed of too skillful lines
$B0- Akushu wa akushu o yobu
A bad move invites more bad moves
$BB/ Zokute ni myooshu ga ari
A vulgar move may be brillian
$B2,L\H,L\(B
Okame hachimoku
The bystander sees the best of the game (Lookers-on always see more than the players)
$B96$a$OHt3Q6d7K(B
Seme wa hi kaku gin kei
Attack with rook, bishop, silver and knight
$B4s$;$OB/ Yose wa zokute de
In the endgame a vulgar move is alright
$B5M$_$h$jI,;`(B
Tsumi yori hisshi
Hisshi (brinkmate) is better than mate

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Index

1 stroke

$B0l(B 1.1b, 1.3m, 3.1t, 3.1b, 3.2.2t, 4.2b, 5.2.2b, 6.1m, 6.2m, 7.3m 9.5.2m, 9.5.2b, 9.5.3b

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2 strokes

$BCz(B 1.4b, 7.4.1b
$B6e(B 1.1b, 1.3m, 9.5.1b
$BFs(B 1.5b, 3.2.4m, 4.3.3b, 4.4.3b, 9.5.2m
$BF~(B 1.6t, 1.7b, 3.2.1m, 3.2.3t, 3.2.4t, 5.1.3m
$BH,(B 5.1.1t
$BNO(B 1.1b, 4.2m, 5.2.2m
$B==(B 4.5b, 7.4.1t, 9.5.1b, 9.5.2m

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3 strokes

$B2<(B 1.3m, 1.5b, 3.2.1m, 4.3.1t, 5.1.1t, 7.2b
$B4](B 7.3b
$B@i(B 1.6t
$B;0(B 2.3.3t, 3.1t, 4.3.2m, 9.5.2m
$B>e(B 1.5b, 1.7t, 3.2.1m, 5.1.1t, 6.2b
$B8}(B 8.1m
$BBg(B 1.1m, 1.4m, 2.2t, 3.1b, 4.1t, 5.1.1m, 7.3m, 7.4.1t, 7.4.1b, 7.4.2m, 9.5.2t
$B=w(B 4.3.4b, 9.1b, 9.5.1m
$B>.(B 1.4b, 2.3.1m, 5.1.2t, 6.1b, 7.4.2t
$B9)(B 5.2.2m, 8.2t
$B;3(B 4.3b
$BM?(B 5.1.1b, 5.2.3t

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4 strokes

$BIT(B 1.7t, 2.1b, 2.2m, 3.2.2b, 5.2.2m, 5.2.3t, 5.2.4m, 7.3m, 7.4.2m, 7.4.2b, 8.1m, 8.1b
$BCf(B 1.1t, 1.3t, 3.2.1m, 4.3.2t, 4.5t, 5.1.1t, 5.1.1b, 5.1.2t, 5.2.1t
$BM=(B 8.2m, 9.5.2t
$B8_(B 7.3b
$B8^(B 9.5.2m
$BJ,(B 4.2b, 7.1t, 8.2m, 9.5.3t
$B8x(B 9.5.2t
$BFb(B 9.3m
$B@Z(B 3.2.4m, 4.1m, 5.2.2b
$BL^(B 1.6b
$B6h(B 7.3t
$B>#(B 4.3.2m
$BLq(B 5.2.3b, 7.4.2m
$BH?(B 1.6m, 6.1m, 6.2t
$BE7(B 1.2.2b, 4.4.1b, 5.1.2m, 9.5.1m
$BB@(B 1.1m, 7.4.1m
$B0z(B 1.7m, 3.2.1m, 5.1.3b
$B?4(B 7.4.1b, 8.1b
$B1.4m, 1.5t, 2.2b, 3.1t, 3.2.2m, 4.1m, 4.2t, 4.5m, 5.1.2b, 5.2.2b, 5.2.4m, 7.4.1t, 7.4.1m, 7.4.2m
$B;Y(B 6.2m, 9.1b
$BJ}(B 4.1m, 5.1.1t
$BF|(B 1.1t, 9.1m, 9.5.1m
$BLZ(B 4.4.1m
$B7g(B 5.1.2b
$B;_(B 3.2.1m, 5.2.1b, 6.1b, 6.2m
$BHf(B 7.3t
$B?e(B 1.2.3m
$BJR(B 4.4.1t, 4.4.2m
$B2&(B 1.4t, 3.1m, 5.1.1m, 9.5.1t
$B9~(B 3.2.1m
$BJU(B 5.1.1t

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5 strokes

$B@$(B 9.4m
$BI,(B 1.6m, 2.1b, 4.5b, 5.2.3t, 7.4.1m
$B4.1b, 9.5.2b
$BBe(B 2.3.3t, 3.2.4m, 3.2.4b, 4.5m, 5.2.2b
$BBG(B 1.7t, 2.1t, 3.2.2t, 5.2.1b, 6.1m, 6.1b
$B;E(B 4.1m, 5.2.1t
$BJ'(B 3.2.4t
$BB>(B 7.3m
$BK\(B 1.2.2t, 1.2.2m, 2.2b, 3.1m, 4.1m, 4.2m, 7.1b, 9.5.2m
$BB|(B 4.3.1m
$B=P(B 2.3.1t, 3.2.1t, 3.2.1m, 9.5.2m
$B@5(B 2.2m, 3.1b, 7.4.1t
$BHH(B 5.2.4b
$B1z(B 3.2.1m, 4.3.1t
$B6L(B 1.4t, 2.2m, 3.2.3m, 4.3.1b, 4.5b, 5.1.2t
$BJq(B 3.2.1b, 6.1m
$B05(B 5.1.1b
$B4E(B 7.4.2t
$B<}(B 6.2m
$B@8(B 1.7t, 5.1.3t, 5.2.2m
$B2D(B 4.3.4t, 5.2.3t
$BMQ(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1b, 8.2t, 8.2m
$B8E(B 2.2t
$BED(B 4.2t
$B1&(B 1.7m, 4.3.2m, 5.1.1t, 5.1.3m
$BL\(B 1.3t, 1.3m, 4.1m, 5.2.3b, 5.2.4b, 7.4.2m
$BC!(B 3.2.3m, 4.5t
$BLp(B 4.3.3t, 4.4.2t
$B<8(B 4.5m
$B@P(B 2.3.1b, 4.3.2b
$B;M(B 1.3t, 4.3.2m, 4.3.3b, 4.4.1m, 9.5.2m
$B7j(B 4.3.1b, 4.3.2b, 4.3.4b, 4.4.3m, 4.5b, 5.1.2b
$B<:(B 5.2.4m, 7.3b, 8.1m, 9.5.2m
$BN)(B 2.3.1t, 3.2.1t, 5.2.2m, 7.4.1m, 9.5.2b
$B:8(B 1.7m, 4.4.1b, 5.1.1t
$B9*(B 3.1b, 7.4.1t, 7.4.1b
$B8y(B 5.2.4t
$BI[(B 5.1.1m
$BJ?(B 1.5b, 4.3.2t
$B9-(B 5.2.2m

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6 strokes

$B8r(B 3.2.4m
$B0B(B 5.1.1m, 7.4.1m, 8.1b
$BIz(B 2.2b
$B6.2t
$B0K(B 2.3.3t
$B=.(B 4.4.3t
$B;w(B 7.3t
$B6a(B 3.2.1m
$B9g(B 1.7b, 3.2.1m, 4.1m, 4.1b, 4.5t, 5.1.3t
$B7^(B 5.2.2m, 6.1t
$BEv(B 3.2.4b, 7.4.1m
$B2q(B 7.1b
$B<0(B 4.2t
$B4k(B 8.2m
$B9T(B 1.7b, 3.2.1t, 3.2.1m
$BA4(B 5.1.1t, 9.5.1m
$BK;(B 7.4.2b
$B@h(B 1.5m, 6.1t, 6.2t
$B@.(B 1.4m, 1.7t, 3.2.2b, 4.5t, 5.2.4t
$B=<(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1t
$BN>(B 3.1m, 3.2.4t
$BAa(B 1.1m, 2.2b, 5.1.3b, 5.2.1t, 6.2m, 7.4.1m, 9.5.1m
$BF1(B 1.7b, 4.3.3m, 7.3t
$B:F(B 7.2m
$B6J(B 2.3.1t
$BM-(B 1.1b, 7.3m, 7.4.1t
$B;`(B 2.1b, 6.2b
$B<+(B 1.3t, 4.2t, 4.5m, 5.1.1t, 5.2.4b, 7.1b, 7.4.1m, 7.4.1b, 8.2m
$B5$(B 8.1t
$BAh(B 6.1m
$B5.1.3t
$B;j(B 7.4.1t
$BJF(B 4.3.3m, 4.5b
$B3.1t, 5.2.1b
$B;e(B 1.2.2b, 5.2.3m
$BNt(B 5.1.1m, 7.3m
$BKI(B 3.1m, 6.2t, 9.5.2b
$B4m(B 5.1t, 5.2.3m, 7.4.2b
$BD_(B 3.2.1m
$BL>(B 9.3b, 9.4t, 9.4b, 9.5.1t, 9.5.1m
$B8~(B 3.2.1m, 4.3.2b
$B2s(B 3.2.3b, 5.2.2b, 6.2m
$B0x(B 1.6m
$BCO(B 1.3t, 4.3.1b, 5.1.1m, 5.1.2t
$B9%(B 1.5t, 3.1m, 4.1m, 4.1b, 4.5t, 5.2.3m, 8.1t, 9.5.2t

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7 strokes

$BMp(B 4.1t, 6.1b
$B2f(B 4.2t, 7.4.1b, 8.1b, 9.3t
$B0L(B 4.3.1b, 5.1.2m, 5.1.3m
$BLa(B 3.2.1m
$B:n(B 2.2t, 4.1t
$BH4(B 3.2.1m, 3.2.4m, 8.1t
$B?-(B 3.2.3m, 5.2.2m
$BEj(B 1.6b, 3.2.2b, 7.2m
$BM>(B 2.2b, 5.2.3t, 6.2b
$B5;(B 4.1b, 9.6b
$BMh(B 3.2.1m
$BM^(B 5.2.2m
$BNd(B 7.4.1b
$B5q(B 5.2.2b, 6.2t
$BJL(B 2.2b, 7.3t
$BB-(B 5.1.2m
$BH=(B 8.2b
$B?I(B 1.6m, 7.4.2m, 8.1b
$B=u(B 6.2m
$B6Q(B 4.1b
$B0O(B 3.2.3t, 4.4.1t, 4.4.2t, 5.2.2t
$B<}(B 5.2.1b, 8.1m
$B2~(B 5.2.2b
$B:$(B 5.2.3b, 8.1b
$BBP(B 1.5t, 4.1m, 5.2.2b, 6.2m
$B?^(B 2.2t, 7.2
$B:`(B 1.2.2t
$B@V(B 1.2.2b
$B7h(B 4.1t, 8.2t, 8.2b, 9.5.2t
$B 2.3.3b
$BD@(B 7.4.1b
$BL/(B 3.1b, 4.1b
$B5a(B 5.2.3t
$B40(B 1.6m, 2.2t, 2.3.1b, 5.2.2m, 6.2m
$BMx(B 5.1.1m, 7.3m
$B9M(B 8.2t
$BF&(B 2.3.1m
$B4N(B 7.4.1m
$BAv(B 3.2.3b
$BNI(B 4.1m, 7.4.1t
$B6I(B 1.5t, 5.1.1m
$BB((B 1.6t, 2.1t, 2.2b
$B4t(B 4.2b
$B7](B 4.1b
$B:R(B 5.2.4b
$B=i(B 1.1b, 2.2m, 3.1m, 8.2t
$B96(B 3.1m, 4.1m, 5.1.2m, 6.1t
$B8+(B 3.2.4m, 5.2.4t, 6.1m, 7.4.1m
$B3Q(B 1.3b, 1.4t, 3.2.4b, 4.3.1b, 4.3.4m, 4.5m, 5.1.2t
$B4u(B 8.1m
$B1~(B 5.2.2b, 6.2t
$BGw(B 5.2.2m, 6.1m
$B=x(B 5.2.1t
$BAK(B 6.2m
$B7A(B 1.6b, 4.1m, 5.1.1m, 8.2b
$B2w(B 1.6m
$B4w(B 5.2.2b

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8 strokes

$B;v(B 5.2.2m
$BL@(B 7.4.1m
$BLH(B 6.2m
$B>:(B 9.5.2m
$BL?(B 7.4.2b
$BHD(B 1.2.2m
$BJB(B 3.2.1m
$BKg(B 1.4b
$BDo(B 9.3m
$BGU(B 9.5.1m, 9.5.1b
$B<~(B 5.1.1t
$B2L(B 7.4.1b
$B@)(B 5.1.1b, 5.2.2m, 6.2m
$BJb(B 1.4m, 4.5t, 4.5m, 5.1.3b
$B;I(B 6.1b
$B5c(B 5.1.2b
$B8z(B 5.1.1m
$BD9(B 1.2.3b, 2.2b, 5.2.2m, 8.2t
$B6((B 4.1m
$B8B(B 4.5b
$B;2(B 7.2t
$B<#(B 5.2.2m
$BL#(B 4.1m
$BCm(B 8.2m
$BRk(B 5.2.4b
$B2.2m, 4.1m, 6.2t
$B8G(B 5.2.2m
$BA@(B 3.1t, 4.1m
$B?b(B 3.2.3m, 4.5t
$BLU(B 5.2.4m
$B4q(B 3.1b, 4.3.4t, 6.1t
$BD>(B 1.7.m
$B;O(B 5.2.1m
$BCN(B 8.2m
$B2.2t, 4.1t, 5.2.4t, 7.1b, 9.1m
$B6u(B 3.2.2b, 4.3.1m, 4.4.3b, 5.1.2m
$B5U(B 4.1b, 4.4.1b, 5.2.2b, 6.1t, 7.2b
$BFM(B 2.1t, 3.2.3t, 4.5t, 6.1m
$B3.2.4t, 4.1b
$B6b(B 1.4t, 2.3.1m, 4.3.4b, 4.4.2t, 4.5m, 5.1.3b
$B6l(B 4.1t, 7.4.2m, 8.2t
$B9.3b, 9.5.1m
$BDj(B 4.1m
$B8W(B 1.2.2b
$B5o(B 3.2.1m, 4.3.1t, 4.3.1b, 5.1.3t, 5.1.3b
$BB`(B 3.2.1m, 4.5b, 5.2.2t, 6.2m
$BDI(B 2.2b, 3.2.1m, 6.1m, 6.2m
$BDl(B 5.1.3m
$BF((B 3.2.1m, 4.5b, 5.2.4m, 6.2m
$B1d(B 3.2.3m, 5.2.2m
$BAw(B 4.5m
$BI](B 7.4.2b, 8.1b
$BLB(B 5.2.3b, 5.2.4b
$B=j(B 5.1.2m
$BHs(B 5.1.1m
$BDq(B 6.2m
$B5r(B 5.1.2m
$B2!(B 5.2.2t, 6.1b, 6.2m
$BJ|(B 5.2.2m

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9 strokes

$B?.(B 8.2m
$BAj(B 1.5m, 4.3.1t, 4.3.2b, 7.4.1m
$BB/(B 3.1b
$B1I(B 9.6t
$BJ](B 5.2.2m, 7.3b, 9.5.2b
$B=@(B 7.4.1m
$B?/(B 6.1m
$BCJ(B 1.3m, 9.4t
$BA0(B 5.2.2m, 9.4b
$B3h(B 5.2.2m
$B4'(B 9.5.2m
$B69(B 5.2.2m
$BIw(B 1.1b, 4.3.2t
$BDA(B 4.3.4b
$B8|(B 4.1m, 7.4.1m
$BH/(B 5.2.4m
$BC1(B 5.1.3m
$B>J(B 5.2.2m
$B7?(B 4.2m, 5.1.1m
$B8&(B 7.1t
$BJQ(B 2.2b, 4.2m, 4.3.1m, 5.2.2b
$BIC(B 9.5.3m
$B5i(B 9.4t
$BAU(B 5.2.4t
$BH~(B 4.4.1t, 5.1.2m
$B8I(B 5.1.3t
$BGX(B 5.1.2t
$BIu(B 3.1m, 6.2m
$B9S(B 4.1b
$B@l(B 9.3b
$BMW(B 5.1.2m, 5.2.3t
$B4,(B 1.2.3b
$BIi(B 1.6m
$B2v(B 3.2.3b
$BDL(B 1.1m, 3.2.1m
$B8e(B 1.5m, 3.2.1m, 5.2.1m, 5.2.2t, 8.1m
$B9a(B 1.4m, 4.5m
$BO"(B 1.6m, 2.3.2t, 3.1m, 3.2.2t, 4.1m, 4.5t, 5.1.1m, 5.2.1m
$B?)(B 6.1b, 6.2b
$BBT(B 5.2.2m, 5.2.3m, 8.1m
$BB.(B 4.1m, 6.1t, 7.4.1m
$B;W(B 7.4.1b, 8.2t
$BES(B 7.2m
$BBU(B 8.2b
$B=E(B 3.2.2m, 4.5m, 5.1.1b, 7.4.1m, 7.4.2m, 8.2b
$B5^(B 4.1t, 4.3.3t, 5.1.2m, 5.2.2m, 5.2.3m, 7.4.2b
$B4Y(B 4.1m, 9.5.2m
$B0R(B 5.1.1b, 6.1m, 8.1m
$B9_(B 1.6b, 9.5.2m
$B;X(B 1.1t, 1.5t, 2.2t, 3.2.1t
$BLL(B 5.2.3b, 7.4.1m, 7.4.2m
$BHt(B 1.3b, 1.4t, 2.3.1m, 3.2.3m, 3.2.4m, 4.3.3b, 4.5m, 4.5b
$B;}(B 1.4b, 1.6t, 2.2m, 2.3.2m, 4.1t, 4.1b, 9.5.3m
$BD)(B 6.1m, 9.5.2m, 9.5.2b
$BKo(B 1.2.2m

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10 strokes

$B=$(B 9.3m
$BMa(B 6.2b
$B8u(B 2.2m
$B>-(B 1.1t, 1.2.1t, 2.3.3m, 4.2m,7.3b, 9.1t, 9.6t
$B7s(B 4.1b
$BN?(B 6.2b, 8.1b
$BFC(B 4.1b
$BGm(B 2.3.2t, 3.2.4t
$BN1(B 8.2m
$B86(B 4.3.1m, 4.3.2t, 4.4.3m
$BGK(B 5.2.4m, 6.1m
$BMF(B 7.4.1m
$BHk(B 3.1m, 4.1m
$B32(B 6.1m
$BI3(B 3.2.4b
$BE8(B 5.2.2t
$B54(B 3.1b, 4.3.4t
$B;U(B 9.3t
$B=c(B 4.3.1m
$B5.1.2b, 5.2.2m, 7.4.2t, 8.1t
$BJ6(B 5.2.4b
$BAG(B 3.2.4m, 7.4.1m, 7.4.2t
$B2y(B 8.1m
$Bf+(B 4.1m
$BG:(B 6.1m, 8.1b
$B:9(B 3.2.1t, 7.3m
$B62(B 8.1b
$B=q(B 1.2.2t, 1.2.3t
$BCQ(B 8.1m
$BOF(B 1.2.1b, 5.1.2t
$B?6(B 1.5m, 3.2.3b, 4.3.2b
$B6<(B 6.1m
$BJa(B 3.2.4t
$BB5(B 4.3.1b
$B3.2.4m, 4.5b
$BHo(B 6.1m
$B64(B 6.1m
$BF$(B 3.2.4t
$B9b(B 4.1m, 4.4.1m, 4.5m
$B5-(B 9.5.2b
$B:C(B 5.2.4m
$B5/(B 6.2b
$B;+(B 5.2.2t
$B?J(B 3.2.1m, 5.2.2t
$B;~(B 1.2.1b, 9.5.3
$B=5(B 9.2b
$B6M(B 1.2.1b, 1.2.2m
$B0o(B 5.2.4m
$B7K(B 1.2.2m, 1.4t, 4.5m
$BET(B 2.3.1m
$B7,(B 1.2.2m
$BE#(B 3.2.1b
$B;D(B 2.1b, 6.2b, 8.1m, 9.5.3m
$BGO(B 1.4m, 2.3.2b, 7.4.2b
$BN5(B 1.4m, 2.3.2b, 9.5.1t
$B9.6m
$B;&(B 6.1b
$BIb(B 3.2.4b, 4.3.1t, 5.1.3t
$BN.(B 4.2t, 4.4.2b
$B>C(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.2b, 9.5.3m

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11 strokes

$B8#(B 6.2m
$BK>(B 8.1m
$BF0(B 3.2.1t, 8.2b
$B0[(B 7.3t
$B4p(B 4.1m, 5.1.2m, 7.2t
$BEp(B 2.2m
$B7x(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1m
$B@9(B 1.2.2b, 3.2.1m, 5.2.2t
$B4s(B 1.7m, 3.2.1m, 4.1m, 5.2m
$BLT(B 6.1t
$B0\(B 3.2.1b
$B>o(B 3.1m, 4.1m
$B:v(B 4.1m
$BJx(B 4.5t, 6.1b
$BG4(B 6.2b, 7.4.1m
$BD%(B 5.1.3m
$B:Y(B 1.2.3b
$BD&(B 1.2.2b
$B=*(B 5.2.1t, 5.2.1b, 9.1t
$B6/(B 3.1b, 5.2.2m, 6.1t, 6.1m, 7.4.1t, 8.1t
$BD;(B 1.1m
$B2+(B 1.2.2t
$BF@(B 4.1m, 7.3b
$BAH(B 3.1t, 5.2.2t
$B=Q(B 4.1m
$B>R(B 7.1t
$B0-(B 3.1b, 4.1m, 7.4.2t
$BC&(B 6.2b
$BL{(B 7.4.1m
$BI)(B 4.4.3m
$B?x(B 3.2.1m
$B5v(B 5.2.2b
$BN+(B 3.2.4t
$BGT(B 1.6b, 3.1b, 5.1.1m, 9.5.2b
$BGS(B 3.2.4m
$BIO(B 2.3.1m
$B95(B 4.5m, 5.2.2b, 9.5.2b
$BFp(B 7.4.1m
$BC5(B 7.1t
$B;B(B 6.1b
$B7!(B 7.1m
$BE>(B 3.2.1b, 5.2.2b
$B?}(B 4.3.3m
$BF;(B 1.1t, 5.2.1m
$B@c(B 1.3b
$B1?(B 5.2.2m
$B?d(B 8.2b
$BCY(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1m
$B5_(B 6.2b
$BC#(B 5.2.4t
$BCG(B 6.2m
$BM7(B 5.1.1b, 5.1.3t
$BM_(B 8.1m
$BD`(B 3.2.1m
$B@6(B 3.2.4m
$BLd(B 2.2m, 7.2t
$B:.(B 4.1t, 6.1b
$BJD(B 6.1m
$B:Q(B 5.2b
$BM[(B 4.1t
$B=B(B 7.4.1m
$B6y(B 1.3b
$BM}(B 1.1b, 5.1.1m, 7.1m, 8.2m

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12 strokes

$BHw(B 6.2t
$B@d(B 3.1m, 7.4.1m, 8.1m
$B3d(B 3.2.2m, 4.5m
$B9J(B 6.1m
$BAO(B 2.2t
$B7k(B 7.1m
$B4g(B 4.3.1b, 4.4.3t
$BCe(B 2.1m, 3.1b, 5.2.1m, 7.4.1m, 8.2m
$B5J(B 6.2b
$B>l(B 1.1t, 5.1.2m
$B>!(B 1.6t, 3.1m, 3.1b, 5.1.1m, 7.3b, 9.3b, 9.5.1m
$BJs(B 9.5.3b
$BIY(B 9.5.1b
$BOS(B 6.1b
$B?R(B 5.2.3t
$BMn(B 1.5b, 3.2.1m, 4.1m, 7.4.1b
$B=g(B 4.1m, 9.4m
$BJd(B 5.2.2m
$B8f(B 1.2.2t
$B3P(B 8.2b
$B92(B 8.1b
$BI>(B 7.1m
$B49(B 3.2.4m
$B>](B 1.1t
$B1g(B 6.2m
$BD6(B 1.1m
$B4:(B 9.6b
$B7Z(B 3.1m, 7.4.1m, 7.4.1b, 7.4.2b, 8.2b
$BBX(B 3.2.4m
$B:G(B 3.1m
$B1s(B 3.2.1m, 5.1.3b
$B4}(B 1.1, 1.2.1t, 5.1.1m, 7.1m, 9.5.1t
$B0c(B 4.5t, 7.3t
$BHV(B 9.5.2m
$BK@(B 4.3.1m, 4.3.4b, 5.1.3b
$B3+(B 3.1m, 5.2t, 5.2.1m
$B8!(B 7.1t
$B4V(B 5.1.2b, 5.2.2m, 5.2.4b,7.4.2m
$B?9(B 4.3.4b
$BEO(B 3.2.4m
$B>G(B 4.5t, 4.5b, 5.1.2m, 5.2.2m
$BK~(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1t, 8.1m
$BL5(B 2.3.1b, 4.1m, 5.2.2m, 7.4.1b, 7.4.2t, 7.4.2b
$B=8(B 5.2.2m
$BDK(B 3.2.2m, 7.4.2m
$B6Z(B 1.3b, 4.1m, 4.3.1m, 4.3.1b

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13 strokes

$BF/(B 5.1.1b
$BB3(B 5.2.1m
$B=}(B 5.1.2b
$BCV(B 1.4b, 2.2m
$B:E(B 5.2.2m
$B:a(B 5.2.4b
$B@*(B 5.1.1b
$B9x(B 4.3.1t
$B7y(B 4.1m, 7.4.2m, 8.1t
$BJ"(B 5.1.2t
$B>)(B 9.1b
$BMg(B 2.3.1t, 5.1.3m
$BHy(B 3.1b, 7.3m, 7.4.1m
$B2r(B 2.2m, 7.1t
$B?5(B 7.4.1b
$B;n(B 5.2.3t
$B46(B 4.1t, 8.1t, 8.2m
$B5M(B 1.6t, 2.1t, 2.2t, 2.2b, 2.3.3m, 3.2.1m, 5.2.2m
$BA[(B 8.2m
$B@o(B 1.5t, 4.1t, 4.1m, 8.2m
$BD7(B 1.4b, 3.2.3b, 5.2.2b
$B3S(B 7.3t
$BB;(B 7.3b
$BE,(B 7.4.1t
$B?7(B 3.1m, 9.1b, 9.5.1t
$B6.2m
$BDX(B 1.2.2m
$B7d(B 5.1.2b
$B3Z(B 1.6m, 7.4.1m, 8.1m
$B:](B 7.4.2b
$B=`(B 3.1m, 9.5.2t
$B0U(B 8.1m, 8.2m
$B8;(B 1.2.3m
$B4h(B 6.2b
$BN/(B 5.2.2m
$BF\(B 2.1b, 5.2.2m
$BHQ(B 5.2.3b
$B>~(B 1.6m, 2.2m
$B1l(B 2.3.1t
$B6X(B 3.1m
$B@Q(B 7.4.1b
$B7Q(B 4.5t, 5.2.1m

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14 strokes

$BC%(B 6.1m, 9.5.2m
$B;!(B 8.2b
$B9=(B 2.2t, 5.2.2t, 8.2b
$BLO(B 5.1.1m
$B5?(B 3.1b, 7.4.2t, 8.2m
$BC<(B 1.3b
$BN}(B 1.5t
$B9K(B 5.2.3m
$Be:(B 7.4.1m
$BJ#(B 7.4.2m
$B@b(B 7.1t
$B8m(B 5.2.4b, 7.4.2t
$BFI(B 7.1b, 9.5.2b
$BA*(B 9.5.2m
$B6d(B 1.2.2m, 1.4t, 4.3.2t, 4.3.3t, 4.3.3b, 4.4.1t, 4.4.1m, 4.4.2b, 4.4.3t, 4.4.3b, 4.5m, 5.1.3b
$B@E(B 7.4.1b
$BBL(B 7.4.2t
$B1X(B 4.3.1t

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15 strokes

$B1F(B 5.1.1b
$B4K(B 3.1b, 5.2.2m, 7.4.2t
$B>W(B 6.1m
$BD4(B 4.1b, 7.1t
$B7b(B 6.1t
$BM6(B 5.2.2b
$BE((B 1.1b, 1.3t, 5.1.1t
$B3.2.4b, 5.1.3t
$BK=(B 6.1b
$B>^(B 9.6
$B2#(B 4.3.1m, 5.1.1b
$B2.2t
$BMM(B 5.1.1m
$B4T(B 2.3.1t
$BDY(B 6.1b
$BHr(B 5.2.2b, 6.2m
$BG.(B 4.1t
$B:?(B 4.3.1t
$BL[(B 5.2.2m
$B1B(B 4.1m
$B=O(B 8.2t
$B6p(B 1.2.1m, 1.2.2t, 1.2.2b, 1.5b, 2.2b, 2.3.1m, 3.2.4b
$BHW(B 1.2.1t, 1.3t, 1.4b, 2.2m, 2.3.1t, 5.1.1t
$B3N(B 5.2.2m
$B2:(B 7.4.1b
$B5g(B 4.1m, 5.2.2m, 5.2.3b
$BH"(B 4.4.3t

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16 strokes

$B6E(B 4.1m
$BJI(B 5.1.3m
$B5!(B 5.2.3m, 7.4.1b
$B@0(B 5.2.2m
$B7c(B 6.1m, 7.4.1t
$B1.(B 5.2.3m
$BC[(B 5.2.2t
$B=D(B 4.3.1m
$BGv(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.2m
$BF,(B 4.5m, 5.1.2t, 5.1.3b
$B6S(B 1.2.3t
$B:x(B 5.2.4b
$B5x(B 2.3.2b
$B;'(B 1.2.2t

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17 strokes and more

$BM%(B 1.6m, 5.1.1m, 7.3m, 9.5.2t, 9.5.2b
$B87(B 7.4.1t
$B5>(B 3.2.4m
$BAm(B 4.4.2b
$B22(B 7.4.2b
$B4J(B 7.4.1m
$B4Q(B 7.1b
$BB#(B 9.4b
$BF.(B 4.1t
$BFq(B 4.1t, 5.2.3m, 7.4.2m
$BN`(B 2.2m
$B7+(B 3.2.3b
$BGF(B 9.5.2m
$BIh(B 1.1m, 1.3t
$BN%(B 3.2.4b, 4.5b, 5.1.3t
$B6A(B 5.1.1b
$B4j(B 8.1m
$B7|(B 7.4.2b
$B6%(B 6.1m, 9.5.2m
$B6C(B 8.1m
$B=1(B 6.1t, 9.5.2m
$B:m(B 4.3.1b