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Hans Geuns' Basic Shogi Vocabulary
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General Terms
Shogi and Shogi variants
Playing equipment
Shogi set and other utensils
Artisans and materials
Script
The Shogi board
Pieces
Games
Victory and defeat
Abbreviations in game scores
Tsume Shogi
Mate and brinkmate
Tsume Shogi
Mate compositions
Compositions
Special techniques
Classics
Moves and movements
Moves
Movements
Simple movements and actions
Drops and promotion
Single pieces
Capture, exchange and sacrifices
Strategy and tactics
General terms
Systems and variations
Opening strategies
Static rook
Ranging rook
Yagura
Surprise openings
Castles
Mino group
Yagura group
Other castles
Tesuji
Position and development
Position
Overall position
Single points
Single pieces
Development
Begin, middle, end
Developments
Opportunity and danger
Success and failure
Attack and defence
Attack
Defence
Analysis
Common terms
Diagrams
Comparison
Evaluation
Positive
Negative
Psychology
Feelings
Thoughts
Professional Shogi
Organization
Periodicals of the J.S.F
Teacher and pupil
Ranking
Title matches and tournaments
Major matches and tournaments
Setting
Time keeping
Special awards
Shogi proverbs
Gyoku/King
Fu/Pawn
Kei to kyoo/Knight and Lance
Kin to gin/Gold and Silver
Hi to kaku/Rook and Bishop
Other
Index
©1995 Copyright
Hans Geuns .
You are free to copy, print and distribute these files if and only if
the copyright notice and *this* permission notice is distributed with all
copies.
Any distribution of the files must take place without a financial
return, except a charge to cover the cost of the distribution medium.
Abbreviations
hon. honorary
iv intransitive verb
iv:tv verb pair, the first verb intransitive, the second transitive
Jap. Japanese
JSF Japan Shogi Federation
lit. literally
n noun
obs. obsolete
opp. opposite
p. page; piece
posth. posthumous
v verb
ZK Shoogi Zukoo, problem number --
(-) dummy verb "suru" can be added
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1) General Terms
1.1) Shogi and Shogi variants
$B>-4}(B shoogi Shogi; game; style
$B>]5:(B shoogi Shogi (old way of writing this word)
$B>-4}$r;X$9(B shoogi o sasu play Shogi
$B>-4}F;(B shoogidoo the Way of Shogi
$B>-4}F;>l(B shoogidoojoo Shogi playing hall
$B>-4}$NF|(B shoogi no hi Shogi day (November 17th)
$BCf>-4}(B chuu shoogi Middle Shogi (12x12 board, 92 pieces)
$BBg>-4}(B dai shoogi Great Shogi (15x15 board, 130 pieces)
$BBgBg>-4}(B dai-dai shoogi Great-Great Shogi (17x17 board, 92 pieces)
$B%^%+BgBg>-4}(B maka dai-dai shoogi Ultra-Great-Great Shogi
(19x19 board, 192 pieces)
$BB@>-4}(B tai shoogi Grand Shogi
(25x25 board, 354 pieces; the
biggest existing chesstype
game)
$BD;>-4}(B tori shoogi Tori (Bird) Shogi
(7x7 board, 32 pieces)
$BE7<3>-4}(B tenjiku shoogi Tenjiku (Indian) Shogi
(16x16 board, 156 pieces)
$BAa;X$7>-4}(B hayasashishoogi quick Shogi
$BD6Aa;X$7>-4}(B choosoosashishoogi lightning Shogi
$B%j%l!<>-4}(B riree shoogi relay Shogi (4 players)
$B$D$$$?$F>-4}(B tsuitate shoogi screen Shogi (blind Shogi)
$BDL?.>-4}(B tsuushin shoogi postal Shogi
$B4}3&(B kikai the Shogi world
$B4};N(B kishi Shogi player (pro)
$B4}E((B kiteki opponent
$B4}Ih(B kifu game record
$B4}Iw(B kifuu Shogi style
$B4}NO(B kiryoku Shogi strength
$B4}M}(B kiri Shogi theory
$B%"%^(B, $B%"%^%A%e%"(B ama, amachua amateur
$B%W%m(B, $B%W%m%U%'%7%)%J%k(B puro, purofeshonaru pro, professional
$B=i?4 shoshinsha beginner
$B=i5i shokyuusha beginning kyu player
$BM-CJ yuudansha dan player
$B0l5i(B~$B6e5i(B ikkyuu-kyuukyuu 1st-9th kyu (player)
(lower grades)
$B=iCJ(B~$B6eCJ(B shodan-kudan 1st-9th dan (player)
(higher grades)
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1.2) Playing equipment
1.2.1) Shogi set and other utensils
$B4}6q(B kigu playing equipment
$B>-4}HW%;%C%H(B shoogiban setto the Shogi board and set
$BHW(B ban board
$B6p(B koma piece(s)
$B6pBf(B komadai stand
$B6pB^(B komafukuro bag for pieces
$B6pH"(B komahako box for pieces
$BOFB)(B kyoosoku armrest
$B6M38(B kiributa paulownia cover (for big board)
$B;~7W(B tokei clock
$B%A%'%9%/%m%C%/(B chesu-kurokku chess clock
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1.2.2) Artisans and materials
$B6p;U(B komashi master woodworker
$B6pLC(B komamei signature of artisan
(at the side of the king)
$B=q2H(B shoka calligrapher
$B:`(B -zai -wood
$BK\$D$2(B hontsuge real Japanese boxwood
$B$5$D$^$D$2(B Satsuma tsuge Satsuma boxwood
$B$_$/$iEg$D$2(B Mikurajima tsuge boxwood from Mikurajima
(a very small island 200 km
south of Tokyo)
$B$+$d(B kaya kaya (Torreya nucifera)
$BK\>lJ*(B hombamono the real thing (kaya from
Miyazaki prefecture)
$BDX(B tsubaki camellia
$B6d0I(B ichoo gingko, maidenhair tree
(Gingka bilboa)
$B7K(B katsura Japanese Judas tree
(Cercidiphyllum Jap.)
$B$1$d$-(B keyaki keyaki (Zelkova serrata)
$B6M(B kiri paulownia
$B7,(B kuwa mulberry
$B$^$5(B($BL\(B) masa(me) straight grain
$BHDL\(B itame curved grain
$B@V$^$5(B akamasa red grain
$BE7CO$^$5(B tenchimasa Heaven-and-Earth grain
$B;e$^$5(B itosama fine grain (smaller than 1mm)
$B8W$U(B torafu tiger stripes (thick,
wavy, reddish lines)
$BD&6p(B horigoma engraved pieces
$BD&$^$$6p(B choomai-goma pieces engraved and filled
with lacquer
$B@9>e(B moriage intaglio repeatedly filled
with lacquer
$B%P%s%?%m6p(B bantarogoma pieces on which the name is
written with brush (inferior)
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1.2.3) Script
$B=qBN(B shotai (style of) script
$B=q$;$-(B shoseki handwriting (specimen)
$B6S4z(B kinki imperial standard
$B?eL5@%(B minase minase
$B8;J?(B genpei genpei (genji and heike;
(name black; promotion name
red)
$B8;J<1R@60B(B genbei kiyoyasu genbei kiyoyasu
$B:Y;z$N@60B(B saiji no kiyoyasu small character kiyoyasu
$B4,$N$j$g$&8P(B maki no ryooko maki no ryooko (famous
calligrapher in latter
Tokugawa days)
$BD9$m$/(B chooroku chooroku
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1.3) The Shogi board
$BHWLL!"IhLL(B banmen, fumen board (surface)
$B%^%9L\(B masume square
$BCOE@(B chiten field, square
$B;ME72&(B shitennoo the four Heavenly Kings
(the four dots on the
Shogi board)
$B<+?X(B jijin own camp
$BE(?X(B tekijin opponent`s camp
$BCJ(B dan rank (horizontal)
$BCfCJ(B chuudan centre rank(s)
$B2 gedan back rank
$B0lCJL\(B~$B6eCJL\(B ichidamme-kyuudamme 1st rank - 9th rank
$B6Z(B suji file; diagonal
$B0l6Z(B~$B6e6Z(B ichi suji-kyuu suji 1st file - 9th file
$BCf1{(B chuuoo centre
$BC<(B hashi edge
$B%9%_!J6y!K(B sumi corner
$B%;$C%A%s(B setchin corner square(s)
(lit. watercloset)
$BHt!J hi(sha)saki rook file; rook pawn
$B3Q6Z!"3QF;(B kakusuji, kakumichi bishop`s diagonal
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1.4) Pieces
$B2&>-!"2&(B ooshoo, oo king
$B6L>-!"6L(B gyokushoo, gyoku king (Jade General)
$BHthisha, hi Rook (Flying Chariot)
$B3Q9T!"3Q(B kakugyoo, kaku Bishop (Horned Chariot)
$B6b>-!"6b(B kinshoo, kin Gold (Gold General)
$B6d>-!"6d(B ginshoo, gin Silver (Silver General)
$B7KGO!"7K(B keima, kei Knight (Laurel Horse)
$B9akyoosha, kyoo Lance (Fragrant Chariot)
$BJbJ fuhyoo, fu Pawn (Foot soldier)
$B@.(B~$B!"%J%j(B~ nari- promoted-
$B$H6b!"$H(B tokin, to tokin, promoted pawn
$BN52&!"N5(B ryuuoo, ryuu Dragon (Dragon King),
promoted rook
$BN5GO!"GO(B ryuume, uma Horse (Dragon Horse),
promoted bishop
$B;}6p!"mochigoma, tegoma pieces in hand
$BCV6p!"HW6p(B okigoma, bangoma pieces on the board
$BBg6p(B oogoma major pieces (rook and bishop)
$B>.6p(B kogoma minor pieces (all pieces
except king, rook and bishop)
$BD76p(B tobigoma long range pices
(rook, bishop, knight, lance)
~$BKg(B -mai counter for pieces
~$BCz(B -choo counter for rooks
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1.5) Games
$B6I!"BP6I(B kyoku, taikyoku game
$B$*9%$_BP6I(B o-konomi taikyoku friendly game
$B;XF3BP6I(B shidoo taikyoku teaching game,
simultaneous game
$BN}=,BP6I(B renshuu taikyoku practise game
$B@o!"BP@o(B sen, taisen game, fight; match
$BAj aite, teki opponent
$B?6$j6p(B furigoma toss (by throwing five
pawns)
$B@h sente Black; sente, the initiative
$B8e gote White; gote, giving the
initiative to the opponent
$B teban turn to play
$BJ? hiratesen even game
$B6pMn@o(B koma'ochisen handicap game
~$BMn$A(B -ochi -handicap
$BFsKgMn$A(B nimai ochi two piece handicap
$BJ?9a8rMn(B hira-kyoo-majiriochi alternating even game with
lance handicap (obs.)
$B>e uwate handicap giver
$B2< shitate handicap taker
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1.6) Victory and defeat
$B5M$`(B tsumu mate (v.)
$BB(5M$_(B sokuzumi forced mate
$B@iF| sennichite draw by repetition of moves
$BF~6L(B nyuugyoku entering king
$B;}>-4}(B jishoogi impasse
$B>!$D(B katsu win
$B>!$A!">!Mx(B kachi, shoori victory
$B>!Ii(B shoobu victory or defeat, a game
$B>!Ii shoobute an interesting move in a
disadvantageous position on
which one wagers the outcome
of the game
$B>!GT(B shoohai victory or defeat, the
issue (of the game)
$BI,>!(B hisshoo sure win
$B40>!(B kanshoo complete victory
$B3Z>!!"2w>!(B rakushoo, kaishoo easy, quick victory
$BO">!(B renshoo winning streak
$B>!N((B shooritsu winning percentage
$B>!5!(B shooki opportunity to win
$B>!L\!J$J$7!K(B kachime (nashi) (there are no) chances
of winning
$B>!@1(B kachiboshi winning mark (O in the table
of results)
$B?I>!(B shinshoo narrow victory
$BM%>!$r>~$k(B yuushoo o kazaru win the championship
$B>!0x(B shoo'in cause of victory
$BIi$1$k(B makeru loss, be defeated
$BIi$1(B make loss, defeat
$BH?B'Ii$1(B hansoku make loss because of an illegal
move
$BL^O@Ii$1(B mochiron make automatic loss (illegal move)
$BIi$+$9(B makasu defeat (v)
$BGT!J@o!K(B hai(sen) defeat
$BGTKL(B(-) haiboku defeat
$BGTCe(B haichaku losing move
$BGT0x(B hai'in cause of defeat
$BGT$k(B yaburu defeat (vt)
$B7A:n$j(B katachizukuri settling the shape,
finding a place to resign
$B$"$-$i$a$k(B akirameru give up; resign
$BEjN;(B(-) tooryoo resignation
$BEj$2>l(B nageba point of resigning
$B9_Iz(B(-) koofuku resignation
$B9_$k!(9_$9(B kudaru; kudasu surrender; defeat (vi; vt)
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1.7) Abbreviations in game scores
$BBG(B uchi drops
$B@.(B nari promotes
$BIT@.(B narazu does not promote
$B@8(B narazu does not promote
$B>e(B agaru moves up
$B0z(B hiku draws back
$B:8(B hidari from the left
$B1&(B migi from the right
$B4s(B yoru moves sideways (horizontal)
$BD>(B sugu moves straight (vertical)
$BF~(B hairu enters the promotionzone
$BF1(B doo takes (and moves to the
square just mentioned)
$B9g(B au; ai interposes any piece
(only used in solutions of
Tsume Shogi)
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2) Tsume Shogi
2.1) Mate and brinkmate
$B5M$`(B tsumu mate(v), be checkmated
$B5M$_(B tsumi mate(n)
$B5M$_>e$,$j(B tsumi-agari checkmating
$BB(5M$_(B sokuzumi forced mate
$BBGJb5M$_(B uchifuzumi mate with pawn drop (illegal)
$BFMJb5M$_(B tsukifuzumi mate with pawn push
$B5M$^$9(B tsumasu mate (v)
$B5M$a$m(B $B!J5M$a$h!K(B tsumero (tsume yo) threatmate
$B5M$a$m$r$+$1$k(B tsumero o kakeru threaten mate
$B5M$a(B tsume tsume, mating problem
$B5Mtsumete, chakushu the first checking move
$BIT5M(B fuzume, tsumazu (there is) no mate
$BI,;`(B hisshi brinkmate, hisshi
$BI,;`$,$+$+$k(B hisshi ga kakeru set up a brinkmate
$B;`$L(B shinu die
$B%H%s;`(B tonshi sudden death
$B;D$k(B nokoru remain, be spared
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2.2) Tsume Shogi
$B5M>-4}(B tsume shoogi Tsume Shogi, checkmate problems
$B;X>-4}(B sashi shoogi game Shogi (as opposite of
Tsume Shogi)
$B-4}(B shukoo tsume shoogi mate compositions (with
additional restrictions or
special devices)
$BBgF;5M>-4}(B daidoo tsume shoogi Street Tsume Shogi (e.g. in
popular city districts)
$B jissenkei tsume actual game type problem
$B9=A[7?5M(B koosookei tsume ideal type problem (opp. of
actual game type)
$B5MJ*!"?^<0(B tsumemono, zushiki checkmate problem
$B:nJ*(B tsukurimono checkmate problem
$B8EE5?^<0(B koten zushiki classic problem
$B8E:nJ*(B kosakubutsu ancient problem (usually
without known author)
$B:n sakusha maker, author
$B:nIJ!"AO:n(B sakuhin, soosaku work, product, creation
$B40A4:n(B kanzensaku complete (indefective)
problem
$BIT40A4:n(B fukanzensaku defective problem
$BEp:n(B toosaku stolen problem, plagiarism
$BN`;w:n(B ruijisaku similar problem (strongly
resembling an existing problem)
$B:n0U(B sakui the intended mating sequence
$BLd!"LdBj(B mon, mondai problem
$B8uJd koohote candidate moves
$B2rEz(B kaitoo answer, solution
$B@52r(B seikai correct solution
$B2r@b(B kaisetsu explanation
$B5M>e$j?^(B tsumi-agarizu mate diagram
$B6LJ}!"gyokugate, ukekata the king's side, defending
side
$B96J}(B semekata the attacking side
$B=i7A(B shokei original position
$B6pG[$j(B komakubari startposition of the pieces
$BCV6p!"HW6p(B okigoma, bangoma pieces on the board
$B;}6p!"mochigoma, tegoma pieces in hand
$B>~$j6p(B kazarigoma embellishing pieces
(without function in the
mating sequence)
$B tesuu number of moves
$B te-ippai using all pieces in hand
$B$j(B te-amari still having pieces in
hand (after mating)
$B6pM>$j(B koma-amari id.
$BIz@~ fukusenshu preparation move
$BB(5M$a!"DI$$5M$a(B sokuzume, oizume straight and (too) simple
mate (problem)
$BK\5M!"K\ honzume, hontejun the proper mating sequence
$BJL5M(B betsuzume different mate
$BM>5M(B yozume additional mate (defective
problem)
$BAa5M(B hayazume earlier mate (flawed problem
or wrong solution)
$BJQ2=(B henka variation
$BJQ2=D9henka chootesuu longer variation (mate
delayed by interposing pieces,
but actual mate is the same)
$BJQ99(B henkoo variation (alternative first
move; should not result in
mate)
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2.3) Mate compositions
2.3.1) Compositions
$B6J5M(B kyokuzume mate composition
$BHWLL6J5M(B bammen kyokuzume Board Composition (problem
diagr. shows a character,
figure or letter)
$B%"%V%j=P$76J5M(B aburidashi kyokuzume Invisible Ink Composition
(mating diagr. shows a figure
or letter)
$BN)BN5M(B rittaizume Three dimensional Tsume
(both bammen en aburidashi
kyokuzume {rare})
$BMg6L(B ragyoku, hadakagyoku Naked King (first example
by Ito Kanju, Z.K. 98)
$B4T856L(B kangengyoku Original Position King
(king is mated on his
original square)
$B1l5M(B kemurizume Smoke Tsume (problem shows
39 p. on the board; solution
shows only 3 p.) (first
example by Ito Kanju, Z.K. 99)
(very rare)
$B6p0lB7$$5M(B komahitosoroizume One of Each (problem shown one
of each of the p., attacking
side has no pieces in hand)
$BET5M(B miyakozume Mate in the Capital (5e)
$B$?$9$-5M(B tasukizume X Tsume (mating diagr.
shows X-shape; tasuki, a
cord used for tucking up
kimono sleeves)
$BF&Ie?^<0(B toofu zushiki Tofu Problem (problem diagr.
shows only king, pawns and
tokins)
$BHt3Q?^<0(B hikaku zushiki Rook and Bishop Problem
$B>.6p?^<0(B kogoma zushiki Minor Pieces Problem
$B6b6d?^<0(B kingin zushiki Gold and Silver Problem
$BIOK3?^<0(B bimboo zushiki Poor Man`s Problem
(without any gold or silver)
$BL5KIHw?^<0(B muboobi zushiki No Defence Problem
(problem diagr. shows only
king and p. of the attacking
side)
$BL5;E3]?^<0(B mushikake zushiki No Foothold Problem
(attacking side has no
pieces on the board;
extreme version is the
Naked King)
$BL53]?^<0(B mugakari zushiki id.
$B@P3@?^<0(B ishigaki zushiki Stone Wall Problem
(king completely walled in
in the mating diagr.)
$B?X7??^<0(B jinkei zushiki Original Formation Problem
(all White's p. on the
first rank occupy the same
position as at the start of
a game) (first example by
Ito Kanju, Z.K. 97) (very
rare)
$B40A4 kanzen jissen shokei Complete Original Formation
Problem (all White's p.
occupy the same position as
at the start of a game)
(first example by Naito
Kunio) (extremely rare)
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2.3.2) Special techniques
$BGm$7(B hagashi rip off (the device of over
and again taking away pieces
around the king at the same
squares)
$BO" rentori successively taking pieces
with rook or bishop (at
different squares)
$B;}6pJQ49(B mochigoma-henkan exchanging pieces in hand
for pieces on the board
$BGO%N%3!J5x!K(B uma-noko(giri) Horse Saw (moving zig-zag
in order to take a piece at
the other side of the board,
while continuing to give check)
$BN5DI$$(B ryuu-oi Dragon Chase (hunting the king
all over the board with the
dragon)
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2.3.3) Classics
$B;0Be0KF#=!4G(B Sandai Itoo Sookan Ito Sokan III (7th Meijin)
(1706-1761)
$B0KF#4GItoo Kanju Ito Kanju (posth. Meijin)
(1719-1760), younger
brother of Ito Sokan III
$B>-4}L5AP(B Shoogi Musoo Unparalleled Shogi Problems
(Ito Sokan III's classical
masterpiece, in 1735 offered
to the shogun as Shoogi
Tsukurimono, Shogi Problems)
$B5M$`$d5M$^$6$k$d(B Tsumu ya tsumazaru ya Mate or No Mate? (alternative,
popular title of Shoogi Musoo)
$B>-4}?^9*(B Shoogi Zukoo Ingenious Shogi Problems
(Ito Kanju`s genial masterpiece
in 1756 offered to the shogun
as Shoogi Zushiki, Shogi
Problems)
$B Kotobuki Long Life (Z.K. 100, a 611
move tsume, made by Kanju
when he was 13 years old;
not surpassed until 1955)
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3) Moves and movements
3.1) Moves
$B te move; tempo
$B0l itte a move; the only move;
one tempo
$B0litte no itte move-by-move (endgame)
$B tsugi no itte the next move; next move
problem
$BA@$$$N0lnerai no itte the intended move
$B;0san-te hitokumi a three move combination
$B0litte suki one move (tempo)
breathing space (endgame)
$B teban turn to play
$B tesuu number of moves
$Btegotae, ooshu answer
$B tejun sequence of moves
$Btejun zengo reverse order of moves
(usually wrong)
$Btesuji, suji tactics, tactical move,
(standard) combination
$B tenuki move elsewhere
$B tezukuri creating moves
$B tezumari Zugzwang, being short of
moves
$B tebyooshi reflex moves
$B temachi waiting move
$B!$A(B tekachi winning by one move (tempo),
winning the semeai
$B tedoku gain of tempo
$B tezon loss of tempo
$B teokure lagging a move behind
$B=i shote first move
$B6X kinte illegal move
$BIu$8 fuujite sealed move
$BKI booshu defence move
$B96 kooshu attacking move
$B2& oote check
$B3+$-2&aki-oote discovered check
$B2&ootebisha fork on king and rook
$B=`2&jun-ootebisha indirect fork on king and
rook (bishop pinning down
the rook)
$BO"B32&renzoku oote successive checks
$BN>2& ryoo-oote double check
$BK\ honte the proper move
$B>!Ii shoobute the game move (interesting
move in a disadvantageous
position on which one wagers
the outcome of the game)
$B?7 shinshu new move
$B>o<1 jooshiki te common sense move
$B$7$c$l$?shareta te stylish move
$BHk hishu concealed, hidden move
$B@dBP zettaishu forced move
$B9% kooshu good move
$B0- akushu bad move
$BBg0- daiakushu blunder
$B:GA1 saizenshu the best move
$B@d9%$N0lkekkoo no itte the best move
$B7Z keishu light move
$B6/ kyooshu forcing move; strong move
$B9* kooshu ingenious move
$B%O%a hamete trick move, trap
$B54 kishu devilish move
$BL/ myooshu splendid, brilliant move
$BHyL/bimyooshu (very) subtle move
$B@dL/ zetsumyooshu absolutely brilliant move
$B4q kishu strange (dubious) move;
surprise move
$B5?Ld gimonte dubious (bad) move
$BB/ zoku-te vulgar move
$B4K$$ yurui te slack, weak move
$BCe!"0lCe(B chaku, itchaku (one) move
$B@5Ce(B seichaku the correct move
$BGTCe(B haichaku losing move
$B>!Ce(B shoochaku winning move
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3.2) Movements
3.2.1) Simple movements and actions
$B;X$9(B sasu play; move
$B;X$7sashite move (n)
$B;X$72s$7(B sashimawashi playing (around), actions
$B;X$7J}(B sashikata way of playing
$B;X$72a$.(B sashisugi overplay
$B;X$7@Z$j(B sashikiri being out of moves
$B;X$7D>$9(B sashinaosu play a new game (after a
sennichite)
$B;X$;$k(B saseru have a satisfactory game
(better than opponent)
$BF0$/(B ugoku move; come into action
$BF0$-(B ugoki move(ment); action
$B9TF0(B(-) koodoo movements, action
$B=PF0(B(-) shutsudoo mobilization, action
$BN)$D(B tatsu set up, place
$BN)$AD>$9(B tachinaosu reposition
$B?x$($k(B sueru place
$B?x$($D$1$k(B suetsukeru place, set up
$B$+$+$k!($+$1$k(B kakaru; kakeru place, start, attack,
move (vi; vt)
$BJB$V(B narabu line up (the pieces at the
beginning of a game)
$B5o$k(B iru remain, stay
$B9T$/(B iku go
$BMh$k(B kuru come
$B>e$,$k!(>e$2$k(B agaru; ageru go up; take, bring up (vi; vt)
$B2<$,$k!(2<$2$k(B sagaru; sageru go down; bring down (vi; vt)
$B2<$m$9(B orosu bring, pull down
$BMn$A$k!(Mn$H$9(B ochiru; otosu come down; bring down (vi; vt)
$B4s$k(B yoru move sideways; approach the
king, bring the king near mate
$B=P$k!(=P$9(B deru; dasu go out; send out (vi; vt)
$BF~$k!(F~$l$k(B hairu; ireru go in, enter; send, put in
(vi; vt)
~$B=P$9(B -dasu (verb)-out
~$B9~$`(B -komu (verb)-in
$B?J$`(B susumu advance, develop
$B0z$/(B hiku retreat, pull back
$BLa$k!(La$9(B modoru; modosu return (vi; vt)
$B0z$-La$9(B hikimodosu return to
$BB`$/(B hiku; shirizoku retreat
$BB`=P$9$k(B taishutsu suru retreat
$B8eB`$9$k(B kootai suru retreat
$B6a$E$/(B chikazuku approach, come closer
$B6a$E$1$k(B chikazukeru let (make) approach
$B1s$6$+$k(B toozakaru stay at a distance,
stay away from
$B1s$6$1$k(B toozakeru keep (put) at a distance
$B$X$3$^$9!J1z$^$9!K(B hekomasu dent, make hollow
$B5M$^$k!(5M$a$k(B tsumaru; tsumeru become shorter; shorten
(the edge by pushing the pawn
to the 6th rank) (vi; vt)
$B@9$j>e$2$k(B moriageru build up (high)
$BD`$j>e$2$k(B tsuri-ageru draw up, hook up
$BD_$j=P$9(B tsuri-dasu entice out, lure out
$B0z$CD%$k(B hipparu draw, pull
$B0z$CD%$j=P$9(B hippari-dasu draw, pull out (into)
$BH4$/(B nuku pull out; move elsewhere
(also: take, capture)
$BH4$1=P$k(B nuke-deru come out (of)
$BDI$&(B ou chase, follow, pursue
$BDI$$=P$9!(DI$$$d$k(B oidasu; oiyaru chase off
$BF($2$k(B nigeru run away, escape
$BF($l$k(B nogareru escape
$B8~$&(B mukau confront, oppose
$B9g$o$;$k(B awaseru oppose (drop a pawn right
in front of opponent's pawn)
$BCf9g$9$k(B chuuai suru interpose, block
$B;_$a$k(B tomeru stop, block
$BDL$9(B toosu let pass, pass through;
open
$BDL$8$k(B tsuujiru pass, be opened
$B$V$D$+$k!($V$D$1$k(B butsukaru; butsukeru collide (oppose a piece with
the same kind of piece)
(vi; vt)
$BJq$`(B tsutsumu surround
$BJq0O$9$k(B hooi suru encircle, siege
$B$7$P$k(B shibaru squeeze, restrict
$B$O$5$`(B hasamu pincer, attack from two sides
$BE#IU$1$K$9$k(B kugizuke ni suru pin down, tie down
$BE#$rBG$D(B kugi o utsu pin down (lit. pound in
a nail)
$B%/%5%S$rBG$A9~$`(B kusabi o utchikomu drive in a wedge
$B0\$k!(0\$9(B utsuru; utsusu shift, transfer (vi; vt)
$B0\9T$9$k(B ikoo suru switch over (to)
$BE>$8$k!(E>$:$k(B tenjiru; tenzuru turn (around),
be transferred
$BE>49$9$k(B tenkan suru convert, switch, transpose
$BE>MQ$9$k(B tenyoo suru convert
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3.2.2) Drops and promotion
$BBG$D(B utsu drop
$BBG$A(B uchi drop (n)
$BBG$A?x$($k(B uchisueru drop
$BBG$A9~$`(B uchikomu drop inside the promotion
zone, invade
$B0lBG(B ichida a blow, a drop
$BO"BG(B renda successive drops
$BDKBG(B tsuuda painful blow, drop
$B3dBG$A(B wari-uchi stab-in-the-back (silver
drop forking two pieces
from behind)
$B=E$MBG$A(B kasane-uchi drop-on-top (e.g. a lance
drop above the lance on the
board)
$B tebanasu let go, drop (also: give
away a piece)
$BEjF~$9$k(B toonyuu suru throw into, drop
$B@.$k(B naru promote
$B@.$j(B nari promotion; promoted-
$BIT@.$j(B funari- unpromoted-
$B%+%i@.$j!J6u@.$j!K(B karanari empty promotion (not
capturing a piece)
$B@.$j9~$`(B nari-komu enter and promote
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3.2.3) Single pieces
$B6L$r0O$&(B gyoku o kakou castle the king
$B6L$HF~>k$9$k(B gyoku to nyuujoo suru bring the king inside the
castle
$BFM$/(B tsuku push (pawn) (also: thrust,
attack)
$BFM$-9~$`(B tsuki-komu push and enter
(the promotionzone)
$BFM$-1[$9(B tsuki-kosu push on
$BFM$-9g$&(B tsuki-au push (pawns) mutually
(on the same file)
$BFM$-0c$$(B tsuki-chigai counterpush (on another file)
$BFM$-tsuki-suteru push and sacrifice
$BFM$C@Z$j(B tsukkiri (pawn) sacrifice push
$B?-$9!(1d$P$9(B nobasu extend (with pawn push)
$B?-$S2a$.$k(B nobisugiru overextend
$B%?%?%/(B $B!JC!$/!K(B tataku strike (drop a pawn right
in front of an enemy piece)
$B%?%i$9!J?b$i$9!K(B tarasu dangle (drop a pawn before the
target field, threatening
promotion next)
$B7+$j=P$9(B kuridasu send out (a general)
$BHt$V(B tobu fly, rush (rook)
$BD7$V(B tobu jump (knight)
$BD7$M$k(B haneru jump (knight)
$B%O%M(B hane knight move
$BAv$k(B hashiru rush (forwards) (rook, lance)
$B2s$k(B $B!J2v$k!K!(2s$9(B mawaru; mawasu turn (sidewards, around) (rook)
$B$R$M$k(B hineru twist, switch over (to the
other side) (rook)
$B?6$k(B furu range (to and fro, on the same
rank) (rook)
$B$N$>$/(B nozoku peep (bishop)
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3.2.4) Capture, exchange and sacrifices
$B toru (threaten to) take (also:
take up a position)
~$B -tori threat to capture-, fork
$BN> ryootori fork
$B%?%@$Gtada de toru simply capture (and gain
a piece)
$Btoriai exchange, mutual capture
$Btorikomu take and approach, take and
enter
$Btorikaesu take back
$BF$$Auchitoru take
$BN+$akasumetoru take away, pocket
$BF~nyuushu suru get in hand
$BJ'$&(B harau wipe off
$BGm$9(B hagasu tear off
$B$O$:$9(B hazusu take off
$BJa$^$($k(B tsukamaeru capture
$BJa3M$9$k(B hokaku suru capture
$BH4$/(B nuku take
$BAGH4$1$k(B sunukeru can take simply (without any
loss)
$BAGH4$-(B sunuki pure, clean profit
$BGS=|$9$k(B haijo suru remove
$B@6;;(B(-) seisan liquidation, cleaning up
$B$I$1$k(B dokeru remove (obstacle), get
(obstacle) out of the way
$B49$o$k!(49$($k(B kawaru; kaeru exchange (pieces or moves)
(vi; vt)
$B49$o$j(B kawari exchange (n)
~$B49$((B -kae (gae) exchange of-
$BFsKg49$((B nimaigae two-for-one, exchanging
one (major) piece for two
(minor) pieces
$B8r49(B(-) kookan exchange (n)
$BBX$($k!"Be$($k(B kaeru exchange; change; substitute
$B suteru sacrifice
$B8+mi-suteru abandon, forsake
$BEO$9(B watasu hand over (pieces or the
initiative)
$B%.%;%$!J5>@7!K$K$9$k(B gisei ni suru make a sacrifice
$B5>BG(B gida sacrifice drop
$B@Z$k(B kiru sacrifice, exchange, get
(own piece) out of the way
(usually: sacrifice the
exchange, i.e. exchange a
major piece for a minor piece)
$B8+@Z$k(B mi-kiru abandon
$B3Q@Z$k(B kakukiri exchanging the bishop for a
minor piece
$BHt@Z$j(B hikiri exchanging the rook for a
minor piece
$BIb$/(B uku float, stand loose
$BIb$-6p(B ukigoma loose piece, floating piece
$BN%$l$k(B hanareru seperate, get loose
$BN%$l6p(B hanaregoma loose piece
$B shichigoma hostage piece (to be captured
any time)
$BEv$?$k!(Ev$F$k(B ataru; ateru threaten to take (vi; vt)
$BEv$?$j(B atari threat to capture
$B$+$o$9(B kawasu dodge
$B%R%b!JI3!K$r$D$1$k(B himo o tsukeru protect, defend (a piece)
$BBe=~(B daishoo compensation
$B6p3d(B komawari balance of material
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4) Strategy and tactics
4.1) General terms
$B@o(B sen fight; game; match
$B@o$&(B tatakau fight (v)
$B@o$$!"F.$$(B tatakai fight (n)
$B jissen actual game
$B46A[@o(B kansoosen post mortem
$B5^@o(B kyuusen quick attack, early fight
$B;}5W@o(B jikyuusen slow game
$B7h@o(B kessen decisive fight
$B6l@o(B kusen hard, difficult game
$BFq@o(B nansen difficult game
$BMp@o(B ransen wild, rough game
$BBg:.@o(B taikonsen chaotic battle
$BBgG.@o(B oo-atsusen fierce, heated fight
$B@oK!(B sempoo opening (strategy)
$B:n@o!":v@o(B sakusen strategy
$B:n@o>!$A(B sakusenkachi strategical victory
$B:n@oIi$1(B sakusenmake strategical loss
$BM[F0:n@o(B yoodoosakusen feint strategy
$B@oN,(B senryaku strategy (plan)
$B@o=Q(B senjutsu strategy (art)
$B9bEy@o=Q(B kootoo-senjutsu higher strategy
$B@oC<(B sentan hostilities
$B@oC<$r3+$/(B sentan o hiraku start hostilities
$B@o@~(B sensen front, battle line
$B@o@~$r9-$2$k(B sensen o hirogeru broaden the front
$B@o>l(B senjou place of the fight, front
$BA@$&!"L\;X$9(B nerau, mezasu aim at
$BA@$$6Z(B neraisuji the move or tesuji one aimed
at, the intended move
$BL\E*!"E*(B mokuteki, mato aim, object
$BL\I8(B mokuhyoo target
$B;EJ}!"J}K!(B shikata. hoohoo method, way
$B96$aJ}(B semekata the way to attack
$B ukekata the way to defend
$B shudan means, measures, way
$B>oEejootooshudan common means, old trick
$B:v(B(-) saku plan, stratagem
$BBP:v(B taisaku counter-plan
$BF@:v(B tokusaku profitable, wise plan
$BHk:v(B hissaku secret plan
$B5gM>$N0l:v(B kyuuyo no issaku the last (desperate) resort
$Btejun, jun sequence (of moves)
$Btejun-zengo reverse order of moves
(usually wrong)
$B=g=x(B junjo (right) order of moves
$BDj@W(B jooseki standard (opening)
sequence of moves
$Btesuji, suji tesuji, tactic, tactical move
or sequence, petite
combinasion
$B6Z$NNI$$(B suji no yoi tactically good
$B6Z$N0-$$(B suji no warui tactically bad
$BK\6Z(B honsuji the proper move
$BL5M}6Z(B murisuji unreasonable move
$B@Z$l6Z(B kiresuji failed move, failed tactics
$B4s$j6Z(B yorisuji endgame tesuji (bringing the
king near mate)
$B$O$^$j6Z(B hamarisuji trap
$B$O$a$k(B hameru ensnare, trap
$B%O%a%F(B hamete trap, trick move
$B%o%J!Jf+!K$K$O$^$k(B wana ni hamaru walk into a trap
$B%o%J$K$+$1$k(B wana ni kakeru trap
$B=QCf(B jutchuu trap (n)
$B=QCf$K4Y$k(B jutchuu ni ochiiru fall into a trap
$BMn$77j(B otoshiana trap, pitfall
$B4Y$l$k(B otoshiireru ensnare, fall into a trap
$B%H%j%C%/(B torikku trick
$B%(%5!J1B!K(B esa bait, lure(n)
$B%(%8%-!J1B?)!K(B ejiki prey, victim
$B7A(B katachi (good) shape; formation,
position
$B9%7A!"NI$$7A(B kookei, yoi katachi good shape
$B0-7A(B akukei bad shape
$B4pK\7A(B kihon katachi basic position
$B6E$j7A(B korikatachi stiff, inflexible,
overconcentrated shape
$B$*$+$7$$7A(B okashii katachi funny (ridiculous) shape
$B4s$j7A(B yorikatachi near mate position
$B7A:n$j(B katachizukuri settling the shape,
finding a place to resign
$B8|$_!"8|L#(B atsumi thickness (solid shape)
$BO"Mm(B(-) renraku connection (between pieces)
$BO"Mm$N!J$J$$!K(B renraku no (nai) (un)connected
$B9g:n(B(-) gassaku cooperation
$B6(NO(B kyooryoku cooperation
$BL#(B aji potential (for attack)
(lit. flavour, taste)
$BL#$NNI$$(B aji no yoi having good aji
$BL#>C$7(B ajikeshi elimiating aji
$B7yL#(B iyami unpleasant, nasty aji
$B%$%d!J7y!K$JL#(B iya na aji unpleasant, nasty aji
$B%?%$%_%s%0(B taimingu timing
$B%9%T!<%I(B supiido speed
$BB.EY(B sokudo speed
$B%Z!<%9(B peesu pace, upperhand. initiative
$B shudooken initiative
$Bshudooken o nigiru take hold of the initiative
$B5U@h(B gyakusen winning back the initiative
$B%P%i%s%9(B baransu balance (between Black and
White, attack and defence,
right side and left side etc.)
$B%P%i%s%9$rbaransu o toru retain the balance
$B%P%i%s%9$r;}$D(B baransu o motsu keep the balance
$B$D$j9g$$(B tsuriai balance
$B7s$M9g$$!"6Q9U(B kaneai, kinkoo balance
$B5;(B waza technique; art; skill
$B9S5;(B arawaza wild, fierce technique
$B5;=Q(B gijutsu art; technique; skill
$BL/5;(B myoogi beautiful technique
$BFC5;(B tokugi special ability (of a piece)
$B7]Ev(B geitoo art; feat
$B%3%D(B kotsu knack, special skill
$BD4;R(B chooshi manner, way, style, condition
(also: condition of a player)
$BD4;R$,$$$$(B chooshi ga ii in good style; with good
prospects; in good condition
$B9%D4$K(B koochoo ni favourably, smoothly
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4.2) Systems and variations
~$B7?(B -kei (kata) -formation, -line
~$B<0(B -shiki -systems, -style
~$BN.(B -ryuu -style, -school, way of-
$BN.$l(B nagare flow
$B2fN.(B garyuu one's own way (depreciatory)
$BED inaka-ryuu boorish style
$B<+A3N.(B shizenryuu natural style (Nakahara
Makoto`s style)
$B-4}(B te-shoogi free Shogi (avoiding
established joseki patterns)
$BNO>-4}(B chikara shoogi power Shogi
$B%^%M>-4}(B mane shoogi mirror Shogi
$B%X%\>-4}(B hebo shoogi crackpot Shogi
(absolute beginner`s)
$BK\Ih!"K\6I(B hompu, honkyoku the main line, the game
$BJQ2=!"JQ99(B henka, henkoo variation
$BJQ7?(B henkei irregular formation
$BJQD4(B henchoo variation; irregularity
$BJQ$o$k!(JQ$($k(B kawaru; kaeru change, play a variation
(vi; vt)
$B%i%$%s(B rainu line
$B%7%9%F%`(B shisutemu system
$B%9%?%$%k(B sutairu style
$B%Q%?!<%s(B pataan pattern
$B0lK\F;(B ippommichi one straight way
$B0lD>@~(B itchokusen one straight line
$B4tO)(B kiro crossroads
$B4t$lF;!(J,$+$lF;(B wakaremichi crossroads, branch, variation
$BJ,$+$l$k(B wakareru divide (into)
$BJ,$+$lL\(B wakareme turning point
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4.3) Opening strategies
4.3.1) Static rook
$B5oHt ibisha Static Rook
$BAj7|$j!J@oK!!K(B aigakari (sempoo) Double Wing Attack (opening)
$BAj3]$j(B aigakari Double Wing Attack (opening)
($BAj(B)$BIbHt(ai)ukibisha (Double) Floating Rook
($BAj(B)$B2(ai)gedanbisha (Double) Back Rank Rook
$B9x3]6d(B koshikakegin Reclining Silver
$B%,%C%A%c%s6d(B gatchan gin Clanging Silvers
$B1XGOekibisha jooseki Stagecoach Joseki
$B1zFL7?(B oo-totsu-kei Hump-Slump System
$B:?3y6d(B kusarikama-gin Sickle-and-chain Silver
$B6Z0c3Q(B sujichigai-kaku Wrong Diagonal Bishop
$B$J$^$/$i6Z0c3Q(B namakura suji-chigai kaku Blunt Wrong Diagonal Bishop
$B2#Jbyokofudori Side Pawn
$BJQB'2#Jbhensoku yokofudori Irregular Side Pawn
$B6uCf@o(B kuuchuusen Aereal Fight
$B=DJbtatefudori Rook on Pawn
$B=c?h=DJbjunsui tatefudori Pure Rook on Pawn
$B%M%3$N=DJbneko no tatefudori the Cat's Rook on Pawn
$B$R$M$jHthineribisha Twisting Rook
$B$?$36b(B takokin Kite Gold (Masuda`s counter
against the Twisting Rook)
$BK@6d(B boogin Climbing Silver
$B86;OK@6d(B genshi boogin Primitive Climbing Silver
$B3Q49$j(B kakugawari Bishop Exchange
$BCO2chikatetsubisha Subway Rook (contra rightside
king in Bishop Exchange)
$BB5Ht sodebisha Sleeve Rook
$B5oHtibisha anaguma Static Rook Bear-in-the-hole
$B6LF,0Lgyokutooguraidori King`s Head Vanguard Pawn
5$B6Z0Lgo-suji kuraidori Central Vanguard Pawn
$B4gLZ(B gangi Snowroof
$B:m5\Dj@W(B saginomiya jooseki Heron Palace Joseki
$B;3EDN.(B Yamada-ryuu Yamada System
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4.3.2) Ranging rook
$B?6Ht furibisha Ranging Rook
$BCfHt nakabisha Central Rook
$B86;OCfHtgenshi nakabisha Primitive Central Rook
$BJ?L\(B hirame Flatfish
$BIw kazeguruma Windmill
$B%D%N6d(B tsunogin Silver on the Horns
$B;M4VHtshikenbisha Fourth File Rook
$B1&;M4VHtmigi shikenbisha Right Side Fourth File Rook
$B;04VHtsangenbisha Third File Rook
$B@PEDN.>#ED<0(B Ishida-ryuu Masuda-shiki Masuda Style Ishida (System)
$B8~Ht mukaibisha Opposing Rook
$B>#ED<08~HtMasuda-shiki mukaibisha Masuda Style Opposing Rook
$BAj?6Htaifuribisha Double Ranging Rook
$B?6Htfuribisha anaguma Ranging Rook Bear in the Hole
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4.3.3) Yagura
$BLpAR!J@oK!!K(B yagura (sempoo) Yagura (opening) (yagura,
arrow depository)
$B5^@oLpAR(B kyuusen yagura Quick Attack Yagura
$BLpAR9x3]6d(B yagura koshikakegin Yagura Reclining Silver
$BLpARCfHtyagura nakabisha Yagura Central Rook
$BLpARB5Htyagura sodebisha Yagura Sleeve Rook
$BJFD9LpAR(B Yonenaga yagura Yonenaga Yagura
$BF17?LpAR(B dookei yagura Symmetrical Yagura
$B?};I$7(B suzumezashi Spearing the Sparrow
$BHt@hITFM(B hisaki-fuzuki Not Pushing the Rook Pawn
$B%+%K%+%K6d(B kanikanigin Crab Silver
$BFs==H,nijuuhattegumi the 14-Move Set (a well-known
joseki resulting in a
symmetrical position)
$B;M yonte kaku the 4-Move Bishop
(7i-6h-5i-2f)
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4.3.4) Surprise openings
$B4q=1(B kishuu surprise attack
$B54;&$7(B onikoroshi Demon Killer
$B54;&$7Iu$8(B onikoroshi fuuji Demon Killer Block
$B2D>OGO(B kashooma Demon Killer
$B=w(B($BN.(B)$B;&$7%I%C%+%sHtonna koroshi(joryuu koroshi) Lady Killer Rushing Rook
$B3QF,JbFM$-(B kakutoo-fuzuki Bishop`s Head Pawn Push
$B6b3+$-(B kin-hiraki Spread-out Golds
$BDA6L(B chin gyoku Strange King
$B?90BN.K@6L7j7'(B Moriyasu-ryuu boogyoku anaguma Moriyasu Style Climbing King Bear in the Hole
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4.4) Castles
4.4.1) Mino group
$BH~G;0O$$(B minoo-gakoi Mino castle
$BJRH~G;(B kata-minoo Incomplete Mino
$B6dH~G;(B gin-minoo Silver Mino
$B6bH~G;(B kin-minoo Gold Mino
$B;MKgH~G;(B yo(m)mai-minoo Four Generals Mino
$BLZBKimura minoo Kimura's Mino
$B%A%g%s%^%2H~G;(B chommage minoo Topknot Mino (usually
the result of a
feinting static rook)
$B6d4'(B ginkanmuri Silver Crown
$B9bH~G;(B taka-minoo High Mino
$B:8H~G;(B hidari minoo Left(side) Mino
$B5UH~G;(B gyaku minoo Reverse Mino
$BE7tenshukaku minoo Castle Tower Mino
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4.4.2) Yagura group
$BLpAR0O$$(B yagura-gakoi Yagura Castle
$B6bLpAR(B kin-yagura Gold Yagura (Common Yagura)
$B6dLpAR(B gin-yagura Silver Yagura
$BJRLpAR(B kata-yagura Incomplete Yagura
$BAmLpAR(B soo-yagura Complete Yagura
$BN.$lLpAR(B nagare yagura Flow Yagura
$B6dN)$ALpAR(B gintachi-yagura High Silver Yagura
$B$7$c$,$_LpAR(B shagami-yagura Crouching Yagura
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4.4.3) Other castles
$B=.0O$$(B funagakoi Boat Castle
$B%+%K0O$$(B kanigakoi Crab Castle
$BH"F~$jL<(B hakoiri musume Daddy's Dearest
(Well-protected Daughter)
$B6d1@?}(B gin-hinari Silver Skylark
$B4gLZ(B gangi Snowroof
$BI)0O$$(B hishi-gakoi Lozenge Castle
$B7j7'(B anaguma Bear-in-the-Hole
$B86EDN.7j7'(B Harada-ryuu anaguma Harada Style Bear-in-the-Hole
$B6d4'7j7'(B ginkanmuri anaguma Silver Crown Bear-in-the-Hole
$B6uCf7j7'(B kuuchuu anaguma Air Castle (Bear-in-the-Air)
(in the middle of the board,
floating like)
$BFsKg6b(B nimai-kin Double-Gold
$B6dB?EA(B gintaden Silver Tandem (a castle in
2-piece handicap)
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4.5) Tesuji
$B%?%l(B($B?b$l(B)$BJb(B tarefu (tesuji) dangling pawn (tesuji)
(drop one square before the
target square in the
promotionzone)
$B7Q$.Jb(B tsugifu joining pawns
$B%?%?%-(B($BC!$-(B)$BJb(B tataki no fu striking pawn (drop)
$BO"BG$NJb(B renda no fu successive (striking) pawn
drops
$B9g$o$;$NJb(B awase no fu opposing pawn (drop)
$B@.$jnarisute no fu pawn sacrfice promotion
$BFM$-tsukisute no fu sacrifice push
$BFM$-0c$&$NJb(B tsukichigai no fu counter-push (on another file)
$BHthishadome no fu rook block
$BCf9g$$$NJb(B chuuai no fu interposed pawn
$B>GE@$NJb(B shooten no fu focal point pawn (drop)
$B9%7?$rJx$9Jb(B kookei o kuzusu fu pawn demolishing the good
shape (e.g. shooten no fu)
$B6d%P%5%_$NJb(B ginbasami no fu silver-pincer pawn
(push or drop)
$B9b$H$S$N7K(B takatobi no kei advanced (high jumping)
knight
$B95$($N7K(B hikae no kei knight (drop) towards the
rear
$B$D$J$.7K(B tsunagi-kei connected, linked knights
$B$D$.7K(B tsugi-kei joining knights
$B%O%M0c$$7K(B hanechigai no kei counter-jump (not taking the
opponent's knight)
$B$7$P$j$N7K(B shibari no kei squeezing knight
$Btegakari no kei knight foothold
$BJbF,7K(B futoo-kei knight (sacrifice) at the
head of the pawn (endgame)
$B6bF,$N7K(B kintoo no kei knight (sacrifice) at the
head of the gold
$B=E$M$N9a(B kasane no kyoo piled-up lances
$BJb$NBe$j$N9a(B fu no kawari no kyoo lance exchange for a pawn
$B3dBG$N6d(B wariuchi no gin stab-in-the-back (silver drop
forking two pieces from behind)
$B7K@h$N6d(B keisaki no gin silver at the head of the
knight
$B$7$P$j$N6b(B shibari no kin squeezing gold
$BAw$j$N6b(B okuri no kin send-off gold
$B$7$+$j(B($B<8$j(B)$B$N6b(B shikari no kin reproving gold (chasing off a
major piece that gave check,
thus gaining a tempo)
$BF,6b(B atama-kin gold at the head (of the king,
checkmating)
$B<+?X3Q(B($BGO(B) jijin-kaku (uma) bishop (horse) in the own camp
$B==;zHtjuujibisha corssroads rook (forking two
pieces horizontally and
vertically)
$BN%$7Hthanashibisha detached rook (drop) (coming
closer and promoting on the
next move) (endgame)
$BJFD96L(B Yonenaga gyoku Yonenaga king (edge king)
$B>GE@$Nshooten no sutegoma sacrifice (drop) at the
focal point
$BB`O)$X$Ntairo no sutegoma sacrifice at the loophole
(of the king) (endgame)
$B8B3&E@$Ngenkaiten no sutegoma id.
$B7j$U$5$.(B anafusagi sealing off the loophole
$BF($2>l$N@hCe(B nigeba ni senchaku arriving first at the loophole
(by sacrificing a piece letting
the opponent plug up the king's
escape route)
$B5M$a$m$rF($l$N5M$a$m(B tsumero o nogare no tsumero threatmate to escape threatmate
$BI,;`$rF($l$NI,;`(B hisshi o nogare no hisshi hisshi (brinkmate) to escape hisshi
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5) Position and development
5.1) Position
5.1.1) Overall position
$BHWLLA4BN(B bammen zentai the whole board
$BHWLLA4It(B bammen zenbu the whole board
$B>eIt(B joubu upper part
$B2 kabu lower part
$BCf1{(B chuuoo centre
$B:8Mc(B sayoku left flank
$B1&Mc(B uyoku right flank
$B<+?X(B jijin own camp, formation
$BE(?X(B tekijin enemy camp, formation
$BJ}!"J}LL(B kata, hoomen direction
$BJ}8~(B hookoo direction, course
$BH,J}(B happoo all directions
$B$=$C$](B soppo wrong direction, out of play
$B<~JU!"JU$j(B shuuhen, atari neighbourhood
$B$+$i$a$F(B karamete from the rear, from behind
$BCOBS(B chitai zone, region
$B4m81COBS(B kiken chitai danger zone
$B0BA4COBS(B anzen chitai safety zone
$BBg3$(B taikai, ooumi the wide sea, the open board
~$BMM(B -- yoo position, shape of --
$B2&MM(B ooyoo position of the king,
the king's formation
$BLOMM(B moyoo pattern, structure, situation
$BMM;R(B yoosu situation, circumstance
$BMM;R$r8+$k(B yoosu o miru sound out the situation,
see how the opponent will react
~$B7?(B -- kei, -- kata -- system, -- position
$BM}A[7?(B risookei ideal shape
$BBg6I(B taikyoku total position
$BBg6I4Q(B taikyokusan whole-board perception
$BBg@*(B taisei total position
$B6ILL!"6I@*(B kyokumen, kyokusei position
$B4}@*!"7A@.(B kisei, keisei position
$BM%@*(B yuusei better position, better
prospects, advantage
$BNt@*(B ressei inferior position
$B>!@*(B shoosei won position
$BHs@*(B hisei bad position
$BGT@*(B haisei lost position
$B?XMF!"?XN)$F(B jinyoo, jindate formation, position
$BI[?X(B fujin formation, position
$BMx$/(B($B8z$/(B) kiku act on, bear down on;
work, be effective
$BMx$+$9(B kikasu force, effectuate
$BMx$+$7(B kikashi forcing move
$B2#8z$-(B($B2#Mx$-(B) yokogiki sideways effect, action (rook)
$B8z$-L\(B kikime effectivity, acting on
$B%K%i$`(B niramu bear down on (with bishop)
(lit. stare at)
$BO"Mm(B(-) renraku connection (between pieces)
$BO"Mm$,$D$/(B renraku ga tsuku connect
$BF/$/(B hataraku work, be active, be activated
$BM7$V(B asobu idle, be out of play
$B6A$/(B hibiku influence (v)
$B6A$-!"1F6A(B hibiki, eikyoo influence (n)
$B0RNO(B iryoku power, might, influence
$B@*NO(B seiryoku power, influence, force
$B@*NOHO0O(B seiryoku han`i sphere of influence
$B@*NOAh$$(B seiryoku arasoi power struggle, fight for
positional advantage
$BCf1{@)05(B chuuoo-seiatsu control of the centre
$B05$9$k(B assuru apply pressure, oppress,
overwhelm
$B05NO(B atsuryoku pressure
$B05Gw(B(-) appaku pressure, coercion
$B=E05(B juuatsu heavy pressure
$B%W%l%7%c!<$rM?$($k(B pureshaa o ataeru apply pressure
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5.1.2) Single points
$BF,(B -- too, atama head of --
$B>.%S%s(B kobin ears (lit. side locks)
$B%3%a%+%_(B komekai the temple
$BJ"(B hara belly
$BOF(B($B$N2<(B) waki (no shita) armpits
$BGXCf(B senaka back
$B6LF,(B gyokutoo head of the king
$B3QF,(B kakutoo head of the bishop
$B6L$N%U%H%3%m(B gyoku no futukoro the king's bosom (free
space around the king)
$BCOE@(B chiten point, square
$B5rE@(B kyoten basis (for attack)
$B>GE@(B shooten focal point (the point
on which most pieces work)
$B0LCO!"0LCV(B ichi position
$B4pCO(B kichi basis
$B$H$3$m(B($B=j(B) tokoro place
$B>l=j(B basho place
$B5^=j(B kyuusho vital point
$BMW=j(B yooshoo important,strategical point
$BCf=;=j(B chuujuusho central position (king at
5a or 5b/5i or 5h)
$B$$$->l(B ikiba place to go to
$BB->l(B ashiba basis, foothold
$B96$aB-(B seme-ashi foothold for the attack
$BE72&;3(B Tennoozan the Tenno Mountain;
vantage point (usually 5e)
$B$+$J$a(B($BMW(B) kaname rivet (critical point)
$BH~G;$+$J$a(B Minoo-kaname the rivet of the Mino
(the gold on 6a)
$B7j(B ana hole
$B6u4V(B kuukan empty square(s), space
$B7gE@(B ketten weakness
$B7g4Y(B kekkan weakness, insufficiency
$B%-%:(B($B=}(B) kizu weakness, defect, flaw
$B%9%-(B($B7d(B) suki hole (weakness; loophole;
a tempo breathing space)
$B4V7d(B kangeki hole
$B jakuten weak point
$B teusu weakness
$B5c$-$I$3$m(B nakidokoro vulnerable point
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5.1.3) Single pieces
$B9g6p(B aigoma interposed piece
$B9g$o$;6p(B awasegoma opposing piece (pawn)
$B jamagoma obstacle, blocking piece
$BIb$-6p(B ukigoma floating piece
$BN%$l6p(B hanaregoma loose piece
$B8IN)$7$?6p(B koritsu shita koma isolated piece
$B$4$H$/6p(B gotokugoma isolated piece
$B shichigoma pawned piece (can be taken
anytime)
$B%J%^(B($B@8(B)$B6p(B namagoma raw piece (just standing
somewhere without function)
$BM7$S6p(B asobigoma idling, inactive piece
$B5o6L(B igyoku sitting king, sitting duck
$B1&6L(B migigyoku rightside king
$BMg6L(B ragyoku (hadaka gyoku) naked king
$BF~6L(B nyuugyoku entering king
$B0L(B kurai vanguard pawn (position)
$B0L$rD%$k(B kurai o haru take up a vanguard position
$BDlJb(B sokofu anchor pawn
$B6bDl$NJb(B kinsoko no fu pawn-anchored gold
$BJb@Z$l(B fugire out of pawns, no pawns in hand
$BJI6b(B($B6d(B) kabekin (gin) wall gold (silver)
$BK@6d(B($B6b(B) boogin (kin) climbing silver (gold)
$BAa7+$j6d(B hayakurigin rushing silver
$BJb1[$76d(B fukoshigin silver in front of its pawns
$BC16p6d(B tangomagin lone silver
$B6d%P%5%_(B($B64$_(B) ginbasami silver pincer
$BF,6b(B atamakin gold at the head (of the king,
checkmating)
$B%^%`%7$N$H6b(B mamushi no tokin viperous tokin, snake in the
grass
$B5o3Q(B ikaku static bishop
$B0z3Q(B hikaku retreating bishop (B7i or B3a)
$B1s8+$N3Q(B toomi no kaku watchtower bishop
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5.2) Development
5.2.1) Begin, middle, end
$B=xHW(B joban opening
$BCfHW(B chuuban middlegame
$B=*HW(B shuuban end-game
$B3+@o(B(-) kaisen start of the fight
$B=*@o(B(-) shuusen end of the fight
$B;E3]$1$k(B shikakeru initiate a fight,
start of the middle game
$B;E3]$1(B shikake the first fight,
start of the middle game
$BAa;E3]$1(B hayashikake early fight, early start
of the middle game
$B4s$;$k(B yoseru approach the king
$B4s$;@Z$k(B yosekiru finish off the king
$B4s$;(B yose getting access to the king,
bringing the king near mate,
(late) endgame
$B4s$;9g$$(B yoseai mate race
$BF;Dx(B dootei, michinori process, path
$B;O$a$k(B hajimeru begin
$BCechakushu start (n)
$B3+;O(B(-) kaishi start, begin
$B7Q$0(B tsugu follow
$BB3$/!(B3$1$k(B tsuzuku; tsuzukeru continue (vi; vt)
$B7QB3(B(-) keizoku continuation
$BO"B3(B renzoku succession, series
$B tsugi no, koozoku no following, next
$B=*$k(B owaru end
$B=*N;(B(-) shuuryoo end
$B=*;O(B shuushi from start to end; beginning
and end
$B:Q$`(B sumu end; do without, avoid
$B:Q$^$9(B sumasu finish up, settle; make do
$B;_$^$k!(;_$a$k(B tomaru, tomeru stop (vi; vt)
$BBG$A@Z$k(B uchikiru end, close, discontinue
$B<}B+$9$k(B shuusoku suru tie up (the game)
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5.2.2) Developments
$B?J$`!(?J$a$k(B susumu; susumeru advance, progress;
develop (vi; vt)
$B?J9T!"?JJb(B(-) shinkoo, shimpo advance
$B?J=P(B shinshutsu advance, expansion
$B?JE8(B shinten development
$BB`$/(B hiku, shirizoku retreat
$BB`$1$k(B shirizokeru drive away
$BB`<#$9$k(B taiji suru subjugate, control, exterminate
$B8eB`(B(-) kootai retreat
$BE83+$K$9$k(B tenkai ni suru develop
$BE83+$K$J$k(B tenkai ni naru be developed
$BAH$`(B kumu build, arrange
$BAH>e$,$k(B kumi-agaru build up, develop (vi)
$BAH$_N)$F$k(B kumi-tateru build up, erect
$BAH$_D>$9(B kumi-naosu rearrange, reposition
$BAH$_9g$o$;$k(B kumi-awaseru combine, dovetail,
join together
$BC[$/(B kizuku build
$B9=$($k(B kamaeru build up
$B@9$j>e$2$k(B mori-ageru build up (high) (vt)
$B0O$&(B kakou enclose, castle
$B;+$/(B sabaku achieve sabaki, develop,
dispose of, disentangle
$B;+$-(B sabaki sabaki, development,
disposing of pieces (by
exchanging them getting them
in hand)
$B2!$($k(B($BM^$($k(B) osaeru restrain, contain, hold down,
constrain (opposite of sabaku)
$B2!$(9~$`(B osae-komu restrain, suppress
$B2!$79~$`(B oshikomu restrain, shut up in, push
down in
$B;vA09):n(B jizen koosaku preparations
$BA0Ds9):n(B zentei koosaku preparations
$B@0$&!(@0$($k(B totonou; totonoeru be prepared, be arranged;
prepare, arrange, settle
(vi; vt)
$BMQ0U$9$k(B yooi suru prepare, take care
$BITMQ0U$J(B fuyooi na unprepared, uncareful
$BK~$r;}$9$k(B man o jissuru watch for an opportunity,
be in full readiness
$B1?$S(B hakobi arrangements, paving the way,
progress
$B40@.$9$k(B kansei suru (make) complete
$B40N;$9$k(B kanryoo suru (make) complete
$B=< juujitsu suru (make) complete
$B@8$-$F$/$k(B ikite kuru come to live, become
effective, be activated
$B3h$+$9!"@8$+$9(B ikasu revive (e.g. aji)
$B3hF0$9$k(B katsudoo suru activate, deploy
$B3hMQ$9$k(B katsuyoo suru activate, bring into play
$B3hLv$9$k(B katsuyaku suru activate, bring into play
$B>C$($k!(>C$9(B kieru; kesu disappear, go away; make
disappear, neutralize
(bad aji) (vi; vt)
$B9-$,$k!(9-$2$k(B hirogaru; hirogeru extend, reach to; expand,
widen (vi; vt)
$B69$^$k!(69$a$k(B sebamaru; sebameru become narrow; narrow down
(vi; vt)
$B5g6~$9$k(B kyuukutsu suru be cramped
$B5g$9$k(B kyuusuru be cornered; suffer
$B?-$P$9(B($B1d$9(B) nobasu extend (e.g. the edge by a
pawn push)
$B5M$^$k!(5M$a$k(B tsumaru; tsumeru be shortened; shorten
(the edge file) (vi; vt)
$B6/$^$k!(6/$a$k(B tsuyomaru; tsuyomeru become stronger;
strengthen (vi; vt)
$Byowamaru; yowameru become weaker; weaken,
undermine (vi; vt)
$B yowaru weaken
$BNO$rN/$a$k(B chikara o tameru gather strength, assemble
(more) force
$BJd6/$9$k(B hokyoo suru strengthen
$B6/2=$9$k(B kyooka suru strengthen
$B8G$a$k!(7x$a$k(B katameru strengthen, stabilize
$B3NJ]$9$k(B kakuho suru secure, maintain, ensure
$B@0Hw$9$k(B seibi suru consolidate
$B<#$^$k(B osamaru become settled, fixed
$B$^$H$a$k(B matomeru settle, fix (e.g. the shape)
$B4K$`(B yurumu be weak
$BGv$l$k(B usureru become thin, become weaker
$B=8Cf$9$k(B shuuchuu suru centralize, concentrate
$B@)05$9$k(B seiatsu suru (bring under) control,
suppress
$B4V$K9g$&(B ma ni au be in time
$BCY$l$k(B okureru be (too) late, be slow
$BCY$i$;$k(B okuraseru defer, delay
$BJ]N1$9$k(B horyuu suru reserve, defer
$BBT$D(B matsu wait
$B%f!<%h!"%f%&%h(B yuuyo delay, postponement
$B$?$a$i$&(B tamerau hesitate
$B0lB)$r$D$/(B hito-iki o tsuku take a pause
$B0lCJMn(B ichidan-raku a pause
$BD9$S$+$;$k(B nagabikaseru slow down, draw out
$B$0$:$0$:$G$-$J$$(B guzuguzu dekinai one cannot be irresolute,
one should not lose time
$B5^$0!"5^$9(B isogu, sekasu hurry, make haste
$B5^$,$;$k(B isogaseru hurry (somebody), press
$B>G$;$k(B aseru be in a hurry, be (too)
eager for
$BGw$^$k(B semaru urge, push on, force
$B:EB%$9$k(B saisoku suru press for, urge on, speed up
$B$h$I$`(B yodomu stagnate
$BN)$A1}@8$9$k(B tachi-oojoo suru come to a standstill
$BF\:C$9$k(B tonza suru come to a deadlock
$B>J$/!">JN,$9$k(B habuku, shooryaku suru omit
$BJ|$k(B hooru leave (as it is)
$BJ|CV$9$k(B hoochi suru leave (standing as it is),
ignore
$BL5;k$9$k(B mushi suru ignore, disregard
$B$@$^$k(B($BL[$k(B) damaru keep quiet, do nothing
$B95$($k(B hikaeru refrain from; hold back, wait
$B7^$($k(B mukaeru wellcome
$BM6$&(B sasou invite, induce
$BM6$$=P$9(B sasoidasu lure away, lure out
$BM6F3$9$k(B yuudoo suru induce, entice
$B5v$9(B yurusu permit, allow
$B5qH]$9$k(B kyohi suru refuse, reject
$B$+$o$9(B kawasu dodge
$BHr$1$k(B sakeru, yokeru avoid, evade
$B2sHr$9$k(B kaihi suru avoid, dodge
$B4wHr$9$k(B kihi suru avoid, dodge
$BJQ$o$k!(JQ$($k(B kawaru; kaeru change (vi; vt)
$BJQ99$9$k(B henkoo suru change, modify, play a
variation
$BBe$($k(B kaeru exchange, substitute
$B2~$a$k!(2~$^$k(B aratameru, aratamaru correct, renew (vi; vt)
$BE>$8$k(B tenjiru shift, be transferred,
change
$B5UE>(B gyakuten (sudden) reversal, turnover
(of an advantageous position
in a disadvantageous
position by a mistake in the
late middle-game or end-game)
$B5UMQ(B(-) gyakuyoo suru use against
$B%&%C%A%c%j(B utchari reversal (at the last moment)
$B@Z$jJV$7(B kirigaeshi switch back, rebound (n)
$BD7$MJV$k!((B~$BJV$9(B hane-kaeru; hane-kaesu rebound, spring back;
kick back (vi; vt)
$B$d$V$($S$K$J$k(B yabuebi ni naru boomerang, rebound
$B%7%C%Z!shippeegaeshi retaliation
~$B$KBP$7$F(B -- ni taishite against --, in answer to
~$B$K1~$8$F(B -- ni oojite in reponse to
$B1~$8$k!(1~$($k(B oojiru, kotaeru answer, respond
$B1~BP$9$k(B ootai suru deal with, respond to
$B tegotae answer, resistance
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5.2.3) Opportunity and danger
$B;n$9!(;n$_$k(B tamesu, kokoromiru try
$B2DG=$K$J$k(B kanoo ni naru become impossible
$BIT2DG=(B fukanoo impossible
$BI,MW!"I,A3(B hitsuyoo, hitsuzen necessity
$BMW$k!"MW$9$k(B iru, yoosuru need, be necessary
$B5a$a$k(B motomeru seek
$B?R$M$k(B tazuneru seek, ask for
$B$D$+$`(B tsukamu grab, take hold of
$B$D$1$3$`(B tsukekomu take advantage of
$BM>M5(B yoyuu opportunity, scope, room
$BM>M5$rM?$($k(B yoyuu o ataeru give (the opponent) the
opportunity to
$B5!!"5!2q(B ki, kikai chance
$BBT5!$9$k(B taiki suru wait for one's chance
$B9%5!$K(B kooki ni at the right moment, when the
opportunity arrives
$B%A%c%s%9(B chansu chance
$B%A%c%s%9$r1.$&(B chance o ukagau look for a chance
$Btegakari clue
$B;e8}!"%"%d(B itoguchi, aya clue
$B%"%d$r5a$a$k(B aya o motomeru look for a clue, seek
complications
$B5^L3(B kyuumu urgent task, first priority
$B4m81(B kiken danger
$B4m5!(B kiki crisis, emergency
$B9KEO$j(B tsunawatari danger, tightrope walking
$BLq2p(B($B@iK|(B) yakkai (semban) (ten million) difficulties
$BFq6I(B nankyoku difficult, tough position
(or: game)
$B5gCO(B kyuuchi dilemma, predicament
$BLLE](B mendoo trouble
$B:$Fq(B konnan trouble
$B:$$^$k(B komaru have trouble
$BHQ$&(B wazurau have trouble
$BLBOG(B meiwaku trouble
$B$b$D$l(B motsure tangle, difficulty
$B$b$D$l$k(B motsureru get tangled
$B$&$-L\(B ukime misery, misfortune
$B$&$-L\$r8+$k(B ukime o miru have trouble
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5.2.4) Success and failure
$B@.H](B seihi success and/or failure
$B@.8y(B(-) seikoo success
$B@.N)(B(-) seiritsu realization
$B@.$jN)$D(B naritatsu realize
$B8y@S(B kooseki success, merit, achievement
$B minoru bear fruit, be successful
$Bjitsugen realization
$BC#$9$k(B tassuru attain, realize;
be experienced
$BC#@.$9$k(B tassei suru achieve, attain
$BAU8y(B(-) sookoo success, fruition
$B8+$D$+$k!(8+$D$1$k(B mitsukaru; mitsukeru be found, discovered;
find, discover (vi; vt)
$B8+=P$9(B midasu discover, find out
$B8+Ev$k(B mi-ataru notice, be found
$B8+F($9(B minogasu overlook, let pass
$B8+B;$J$&(B misokonau miss, misjudge
$B8+Mn$9(B mi-otosu miss, overlook
$BH/8+(B(-) hakken discovery
$BH/4x(B(-) hakki realization
$BITH/(B fuhatsu misfire
$BF($9(B nogasu, nigasu miss; let escape
$B0o$9$k(B issuru miss
$B0o5!(B ikki missed chance, missed
opportunity
$B te'ochi oversight
$BLUE@(B mooten blind spot
$B%_%9(B misu a miss, oversight, failure
$B%_%=(B miso a mess, failure
(also: the point)
$B<:GT(B shippai mistake
$B%]%+(B poka blunder (cock-up)
$BGKC>(B hatan failure
$B:C@^(B(-) zasetsu failure, collapse, set-back
$B:R$$(B wazawai calamity, disaster
$B<+LG(B jimetsu suicide
$B4V0c$($k(B machigaeru make a mistake
$B8m$k(B ayamaru err, mistake
$B;EB;$&(B shisokonau blunder (v)
$B8m;;(B(-) gosan miscalculation
$BHH$9(B okasu commit (a mistake)
$BRk$a$k(B togameru punish (a mistake)
$B:a$9$k(B tsumi suru punish
$BLB$&(B mayou lose one's way, be at a loss
$BLB$$(B mayoi delusion
$BL\$,$/$i$`(B me ga kuramu be blinded by
$BJ6$l$k(B magireru distract, mislead, confuse
$BJ6$l(B magire confusing move
$B:x3P(B sakkaku hallucination
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6) Attack and defence
6.1) Attack
$B96$a$k(B semeru attack
$B96$a(B seme attack (n)
$B96$a8}(B semguchi opening, clue for the attack
$B96$aB-(B semeashi foothold for the attack
$B96$a9g$$(B semeai semeai, mutual attack,
attacking race
$B96KI(B kooboo attack and defence
$B96@*(B koosei the offensive, attacking
formation
$B96N,(B kooryaku invasion, capture
$B@h@)967b(B sensei-koogeki first strike
$BB.96(B sokukoo quick, speedy attack
$BLT96(B mookoo wild, furious attack
$B=1$&(B osou attack
$B=1$$3]$+$k(B osoi-kakaru rush on, swoop down on
$B4q=1(B kishuu surprise attack
$B6/=1(B(-) kyooshuu assault, storming
$B5U=1(B gyakushuu counter attack
$B7b$D(B utsu attack, destroy
$B7^$(7b$D(B mukae-utsu ambush, await and attack
the approaching enemy
$B7^7b(B geigeki ambush
$BH?7b!"5U967b(B hangeki, gyakukoo-geki counter attack
$BFM$/(B tsuku attack, thrust
(also: push a pawn)
$BFMF~$9$k(B totsunyuu suru rush in, plunge into
$BFMGK(B(-) toppa breakthrough
$B>WFM(B shoototsu clash, collision
$B7cFM(B gekitotsu clash, collision
$B7cF.(B gekitoo hard fight
$BAh$&(B arasou contend, contest, compete
$B6%Ah(B(-) kyoosoo competition, contest
$B6%$j9g$&(B seri-au compete, vie for, contend with
$B$1$s$+(B(-) kenka fight, quarrel
$BD)$`(B idomu challenge
$BD)@o$9$k(B choosen suru challenge, provoke
$B$$$8$a$k(B ijimeru tease, bully
$B$$$S$k(B ibiru tease
$BG:$^$9(B nayamasu trouble, annoy
$B8+$;$k(B miseru threaten (to take a piece;
to play)
$B0R$9!"6<$9(B odosu threaten
$B0R$7!"6<$7(B odoshi threat, bluff
$B0RGw!"0R3E(B ihaku, ikaku threat
$B6<$$(B kyooi threat
$B6<$+$9(B obiyaksu threaten, force
$B6/$$$k(B shiiru (en)force, press for
$B6/MW$9$k(B kyooyoo suru enforce, coerce
$BGw$^$k(B semaru force, press for, enroach upon
$B32(B(-)$B!"Ho32(B(-) gai, higai damage (n)
$B32$&(B sokonau damage (v)
$B%Q%s%A(B panchi punch, hit
$B%N%C%/%"%&%H(B nokku-auto knock-out
$B0lH/!"0lCF(B ippatsu, ichidan a shot, a charge
$BC%$&(B ubau take away
$BC%2s(B(-) dakkai recapture, recover
$BC%4T(B(-) dakkan recapture, recover
$BBG3+$9$k(B dakai suru break open
$BBG$A9~$`(B uchi komu invade; drop inside the
promotionzone
$B?/F~$9$k(B shinnyuu suru invade
$BJD$a9~$`(B shime komu shut in
$B$O$5$`(B($B64$`(B) hasamu pincer, attack from both sides
$B64$_7b$A(B hasami-uchi pincer attack
$B9J$k(B shiboru squeeze
$BJq$`(B tsutsumu surround, encircle
$BDI$&!"DI$$$+$1$k(B ou, oi kakeru chase, pursue
$BDI$$2s$9(B oi mawasu chase around
$BDI$$F$$A(B oi-uchi pursuit, attack
$BDI7b(B tsuigeki pursuit, attack
$BGK$k(B yaburu break, destroy;
defeat
$BGK2uNO(B hakairyoku destructive power
$BBGGK(B(-) daha destruction
$BBG$AGK$k(B uchiyaburu destroy
$BBG$A:U$/(B uchikudaku smash, crush
$BJx$9(B kuzusu demolish
$BJx2u(B hookai collapse
$BDY$9(B tsubusu crush
$B2!$7DY$9(B oshitsubusu crush
$B$3$o$l$k!($3$o$9(B kowareru; kowasu break, destroy (vi; vt)
$BMp$9!(Mp$k(B midasu; midaru put in disorder, tear apart
$BMp$l$k(B midareru be disorganized, be torn apart
$BMpK=(B ramboo violence
$B$4$A$c$4$A$c$9$k(B gochagochasuru make into a mess, jumble up
$B:.Mp(B konran chaos, confusion
$BOSNO(B wanryoku brute force. muscle
$BK=$l$k(B abareru rage, rave
$B?)$$$D$/(B kuitsuku fasten one's teeth on
$B;&$9(B korosu kill
$B;&E~$9$k(B sattoo suru rush in, storm, swoop down on
$B;B$k(B kiru kill
$B>.9o$_(B kokizami mincing, choppping into
little pieces
$B;_$a$r;I$9(B todome o sasu give the coup de grace,
finish off
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6.2) Defence
$B ukeru defend; parry
$B uke defence
$B uke nashi there is no defence
$B@h sakiuke defence in advance
$B ukemi no taisei defensive position
$B ukemi ni naru be pushed into the defensive
$B ukaru be able to defend
$BKI$0!"5q$0(B fusegu defend against, prevent,
keep off
$BKI8f!"KI1R(B boogyo, booei defence, protection
$B mamoru defend, protect
$B shubi defence, protection
$B shusei the defensive (position)
$BHw$($k(B sonaeru prepare against
$B1~@o$9$k(B oosen suru accept the challenge
$BH?1~(B hannoo reaction
$BH?$9$k(B hansuru resist, go against
$BH?H/(B(-) hampatsu repulsion, resistance
$BH?H/NO(B hampatsuryoku repulsive force
$BH?BP(B(-) hantai resistance
$BBP93(B(-) taikoo resistance
$BDq93(B(-) teikoo resistance
$BBP1~:v(B taioosaku counter-measures
$B=u$1$k!"1g$1$k(B tasukeru help, support, save
$B0l=u(B ichijo a support
$B;Y$($k(B sasaeru support
$B;Y$(@Z$l$J$$(B sasaekirenai cannot be saved
$B1g73$rAw$k(B engun o okuru send support troops
$B;_$a$k(B tomeru block, shut off, stop
$BIu$8$k(B fuujiru block, seal off
$BIu$89~$`(B fuuji-komu shut in, seal in
$BIu:?(B(-) fuusa blockade
$B40Iu(B(-) kampuu blockade
$BCG$k!"CG$D(B kotowaru, tatsu cut off; refuse, decline
$BCG$A@Z$k(B tachikiru cut off, block
$B saegiru interrupt, block
$Bshadan suru interrupt, block
$B;Y>c(B shishoo obstacle
$BAK$`(B habamu prevent, keep off
$BAK;_$9$k(B shoshi suru prevent, keep off
$B2!$7JV$9(B oshi-kaesu push back
$B2!$7La$9(B oshi-modosu push back
$B@)$9$k(B seisuru control, keep under control
$B8#@)$9$k(B kensei suru check, restrain, constrain
$B<}=&$9$k(B shuushuu suru control; save the situation
$BDI$&(B ou pursue, chase (away, off)
$BDI$$=P$9!"DI$$$d$k(B oi-dasu, oiyaru chase off
$BHr$1$k(B yokeru, sakeru prevent, avoid, dodge
$B2sHr(B(-) kaihi evasion, avoiding, dodging
$B$+$o$9(B kawasu avoid, dodge
$BF($2$k!"F($l$k(B nigeru, nogareru run away, escape
$BF($2F;(B nigemichi escape route
$BAaF($2(B hayanige early escape (of king)
$BB`O)(B tairo escape (retreat) route
$BLH$l$k(B manugareru escape from, avoid
$BC&$9$k(B dassuru escape, break free
$BC&$1=P$9!"H4$1=P$9(B nuke-dasu escape, break free
$BC&$1F;(B nukemichi escape route, loophole
$BC&=P(B(-) dasshutsu escape (n)
$B>eItC&=P(B joobu dasshutsu escape up the board
$BMa$S$k(B abiru be flooded with
$B?)$&!"5J$9$k(B kuu, kissuru get blows, have to swallow
$BN?$0(B shinogu endure, weather (the attack),
tide over
$B$$$$N?$.(B ii shinogi good endurance, tiding it
(the attack) over well
$B5_=P(B(-) kyuushutsu rescue, deliverance
$B5_$$=P$9(B sukui-dasu help, rescue
$B;`$L(B shinu die (be captured)
$B5/;`2s@8(B kishi kaisei revival
$B;D$k!(;D$9(B nokoru; nokosu remain, be spared; leave
behind (vi; vt)
$BM>$5$l$k(B amasareru be saved, remain
$BG4$k(B nebaru stick to, persist, keep
putting up some resistance
$B4hD%$k(B gambaru do one's best, persist, do not
resign (against all the odds)
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7) Analysis
7.1) Common terms
$B>R2p(B(-) shookai introduction
$B2r@b(B(-) kaisetsu explanation, commentary
$B@bL@(B(-) setsumei explanation, elucidation
$BJ,@O(B(-) bunseki analysis
$B8&5f(B(-) kenkyuu investigation
$B8!F$(B(-) kentoo investigation, experiment
$BD4$Y$k(B shiraberu investigate
$BC5$k(B saguru investigate
$B7!$j2<$2$k(B horisageru dig out
$BM}O@(B riron theory
$BM}2r(B(-) rikai understanding
$BM}M3(B riyuu reason
$B4}M}(B kiri Shogi theory
$B7kO@(B ketsuron conclusion
$B7k2LO@(B kekkaron discussion about results;
post-mortem
$B7k2L(B kekka result, effect
$BI>2A(B(-) hyooka evaluation
$B4}Ih(B kifu game record
$B jissenfu record of an actual game
$BK\Ih(B hompu this game, the game
$B2q?4Ih(B kaishimpu favourite game
$B<+@o5-(B jisenki commentary of own game
$B4Q@o5-(B kansenki commentary of other's game
$BFI$`(B yomu read; analysis, see ahead
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7.2) Diagrams
$B?^(B zu diagram
$BLdBj?^(B mondaizu problem diagram
$B4pK\?^(B kihonzu basic diagram
$B;29M?^(B sankoozu reference diagram
$BESCf?^(B tochuuzu intermediate diagram
$B:F7G?^(B saikeizu repeat diagram
$BEjN;?^(B tooryoozu resign diagram
$B?^$^$G$N;X$7$F(B zu made o sashite moves up to the diagram
$B?^0J2<$N;X$7$F(B zu ikka no sashite move from the diagram onwards
$B>e2<5U$K$7$?(B jooge gyaku ni shita with Black and White reversed
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7.3) Comparison
$BHf$Y$k!(3S$Y$k(B kuraberu compare
$BHf$9$k(B hisuru compare
$BHf3S(B(-) hikaku comparison
$BHf3S8!F$(B hikaku-kentoo comparitive analysis
$B6hJL(B(-) kubetsu difference
$B;w$k(B niru resemble
$B0[$J$k(B kotonaru differ from; be wrong
$B0c$&(B chigau differ from; be wrong
$BF1$8$N(B onaji no the same
$BJL$N(B betsu no other, different
$B$[$+$N(B($BB>$N(B) hoka no other alternative
$B:9(B sa difference
$BBg:9(B taisa big difference
$BHy:9(B bisa slight difference
$BM%Nt(B yuuretsu superiority and inferiority,
better and/or worse
$BM%$k(B masaru be better
$BNt$k(B otoru be worse
$BM%@*(B yuusei better position
$BNt@*(B ressei worse position
$BM-Mx(B yuuri advantage, profit
$BITMx(B furi disadvantage
$BMxE@(B riten advantage
$B0lMx0l32(B ichiri-ichigai advantages and disadvantages
$B%W%i%9(B purasu plus point
$B%^%$%J%9(B mainasu minus point
$B8_3Q(B gokaku equal, balanced
$B$$$$>!Ii(B ii shoobu a good game, equal chances
$B$3$l$+$i$N>-4}(B kore kara no shoogi equal position
$BF@(B toku profit, gain (of material)
$BB;(B son loss
$B4]F@(B marudoku pure profit
$B4]B;(B maruzon pure loss
$BF@$k(B eru get, gain
$BF@$9$k(B tokusuru profit, gain
$BF@0U$N(B tokui no favourite
$BB;$:$k(B sonzuru loss
$BB;$&(B sokonau injure, spoil, miss
(an opportunity)
$B<:$&(B ushinau lose
$B$J$/$9(B nakusu lose, get rid of
$BJ]$D(B tamotsu keep
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7.4) Evaluation
7.4.1) Positive
$BNI$$!"$$$$(B yoi, ii good
$BBg$-$$(B ookii big
$B$&$^$$(B umai skillful, good
$B9*$_$J(B takumi na ingenious, smart
$B6/$$(B tsuyoi strong
$BM-NO$J(B yuuryoku na powerful
$BM-Mx$J(B yuuri na profitable, advantageous
$BM-8z$J(B yuukoo na effective
$Btegiwa yoi efficient
$B87$7$$(B kibishii severe
$B7c$7$$(B hageshii severe, violent
$B@5$7$$(B tadashii correct, right
$B@5Ev$J(B seitoo na correct
$BE,Ev$J(B tekitoo na suitable, proper
$B;jEv$J(B shitoo na suitable, reasonable
$BAjEv$J(B sootoo na adequate, suitable
$B==J,$J!"=juubun na sufficient
$BK~B-$J(B manzoku na satisfactory, sufficient
$BBg@Z$J!"Bg;v$J(B taisetsu na, daiji na important
$B4N?4$J(B kanjin na essential
$B4NMW$J(B kanyoo na necessary
$BI,MW$J(B hitsuyoo na necessary
$BAa$$!"B.$$(B hayai early, quick
$B7Z$$(B karui light
$B=@$i$+$$!"Fp$i$+$$(B yawarakai gentle, flexible
$B8|$$(B atsui thick, solid
$B=E8|$J(B juukoo na thick, solid
$BB@$$(B futoi thick, massive
$B7x$$!"katai, tegatai solid, strong
$Be:No$J(B kirei na nice, pretty
$B8+;v$J(B migoto na beautiful
$BN)GI$J(B rippa na excellent
$BAG@2$i$7$$(B subarashii splendid
$B@dL/$J(B zetsumyoo na sublime, brilliant
$BHyL/$J(B bimyoo na subtle
$B=B$$(B shibui shibui (quiet, sober, plain
and yet elegant)
$B$7$c$l$?(B shareta stylish, smart
$BLLGr$$(B omoshiroi interesting, favorable
$B3Z$7$$!"L{2w$J(B tanoshii, yukai na pleasant
$BL@$k$$!"L@$i$+$J(B akarui, akiraka na clear
$B$d$5$7$$(B yasashii easy
$B4JC1$J(B kantan na easy. simple
$BMF0W$$!"MF0W$J(B tayasui, yooi na easy
$B<+A3$N(B shizen no natural
$BEvA3$N(B toozen no natural, proper
$BBg>fIW$J(B daijoobu na safe, alright, o.k.
$BL5;v$J(B buji na safe, uneventful
$B0BA4$J(B anzen na safe, secure
$B2:$d$+$J(B odayaka na calm
$B$*$H$J$7$$(B otonashii calm (mature)
$BCe chakujitsu na calm, steady
$BD@Ce$J(B chinchaku na calm, selfcomposed
$B@E$+$J(B shizukana quiet
$BNd@E$J(B reisei na cool, cold-blooded
$BMn$ACe$$$?(B ochitsuita calm, quiet
$B?5=E$J(B shinchoo na careful
$BMQ?4$J(B yoojin na careful
$B<+=E$J(B jichoo na prudent, careful
$BCzG+$J(B teinei na careful
$B2fK}6/$$(B gamanzuyoi patient
$BG4$j6/$$(B nebarizuyoi tenacious, tough, persistent
$B?46/$$(B kokorozuyoi encouraging
$BBgC@$J(B daitan na courageous
$B2L4:$J(B kakan na bold, resolute
$B;W$$@Z$C$?(B omoikitta determined, bold, drastic
$B5!IR$J(B kibin na shrewd, clever
$B7ZL/$J(B keimyoo na smart
$B9*L/$J(B koomyoo na ingenious
$B@Q6KE*$J(B sekkyokuteki na positive, active
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7.4.2) Negative
$B0-$$(B warui bad
$B>.$5$$(B chiisai small
$B$&$^$/$$$+$J$$(B umaku ikanai is not skillful, won't do
$B$^$:$$(B mazui poor, bad
$B yowai weak
$BL5NO$J(B muryoku na powerless, impotent
$BL5Mx$J(B muri na unprofitable, unreasonable
$B4E$$(B amai (too) lenient, lax, slack
$B4K$$(B yurui weak, slack
$BAGD>$J(B sunao na meek, tame
$B%@%a(B($BBLL\(B)$B$J(B dame na bad
$B5?Ld$N(B gimon no dubious, questionable
$B5?$o$7$$(B utagawashii doubtful, dubious
$B4V0c$C$?(B machigatta mistaken, wrong
$B8m$C$?(B ayamatta mistaken, wrong
$B$Q$C$H$7$J$$(B patto shinai unsatisfactory
$BITK~$J(B fuman na unsatisfactory, insufficient
$BITMW$J(B fuyoo na not necessary
$BL5MQ$J(B muyoo na not necessary, no use, futile
$B%`%@(B($BL5BL(B)$B$J(B muda na futile
$BCY$$(B osoi slow, late
$B=E$$(B omoi (omotai) heavy (clumsy)
$BGv$$!"usui, teusui thin, not solid (also:
scarce, short of)
$B$b$m$$(B moroi vulnerable, fragile
$B$R$I$$(B hidoi terrible
$BBgJQ$J(B taihen na terrible
$BL\>c$j$J(B mezawari na very ugly
$B$D$^$i$J$$(B tsumaranai boring, trifling, stupid
$B$/$@$i$J$$(B kudaranai worthless
$BLq2p$J(B yakkai na troublesome
$BLLE]$J(B mendoo na troublesome, difficult,
unpleasant
$B$&$k$5$$(B urusai irritating, annoying
$BITL{2w$J(B fuyukai na unpleasant
$B%$%d$J!"7y$$$J(B iya na, kirai na unpleasant
$BDK$$(B itai painful
$B?I$$(B tsurai painful, hard, bitter
$B6l$7$$(B kurushii painful, hard, strained
$BFq$7$$(B muzukashii difficult
$BJ#;($J(B fukuzatsu na complicated
$BFq2r$J(B nankai na difficult
$B4m$$(B abunai dangerous
$B4m81$J(B kiken na dangerous
$B:]$I$$(B kiwadoi narrow, close; dangerous,
adventurous
$BIT5$L#$J(B fukimi na ominous, uncanny
$B5^$7$$!"K;$7$$(B isogashii hasty
$B7ZN($J(B keisotsu na rash, hasty
$BL5KE$J(B muboo na reckless, thoughtless
$B$&$+$D$J(B ukatsu na careless, silly
$B7|L?$J(B kenmei no desperate, eager
$B%a%A%c%/%A%c$J(B mechakucha na unreasonable, incoherent
$B%`%A%c%/%A%c$J(B muchakucha na crazy, disordered
$BL? inochitori no fatal
$BI]$$(B kowai fearful, frightening
$B22IB$J(B okubyoo na cowardish, timid
$B$0$:$0$:$J(B guzuguzu na irresolute, wavering, slow
$B%P%+(B($BGO(B)$B$J(B baka na stupid
$B>C6KE*$J(B shookyokuteki na passive, negative
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8) Psychology
8.1) Feelings
$B5$(B ki mind, mood, spirit
$B5$$K$9$k(B ki ni suru mind, care, take to heart
$B5$$K$J$k(B ki ni naru weigh on the mind, get on
one`s nerves
$B5$$,$D$/(B ki ga tsuku be aware of, notice
$B5$$r$D$1$k(B ki o tsukeru be attentive of, take care of
$B5$$,H4$1$k(B ki ga nukeru be discouraged
$B5$;}(B kimochi feeling, mood
$B5$9g$$(B kiai feeling, temper
$B5$9g$$H4$1(B kiainuke discouragement
$B6/5$(B tsuyoki braveness, strong spirit
$B yowaki fearfulness, weak spirit
$B46$8$k(B kanjiru feel, sense, have the
impression that
$B46F0(B kandoo impression, emotion
$B463P(B kankaku feeling, sensation
$B46?4(B kanshin admiration, wonder
$B9%$`(B konomu like
~$B$,9%$-$@(B -- ga suki da like, be fond of
$B7y$&(B kirau dislike
$B3Z$7$`(B tanoshimu enjoy
$B3Z$7$_$K$J$k(B tanoshimi ni naru look forward to
$B4j$&(B negau hope, wish
$BK>$`(B nozomu hope, wish
$B4uK>(B(-)$B!"BTK>(B(-) kiboo, taiboo hope, expectation
$BBT$AK>$`(B machinozomu expect, look forward to
$B@dK>(B(-) zetsuboo despair
$B<:K>(B(-) shitsuboo disappointment, despair
$BM_K>(B(-) yokuboo desire, appetite
$BM_D%$k(B yokubaru be covetous, be greedy
~$B$,$[$7$$$@(B -- ga hoshii da want --
$BK~B-(B(-) manzoku satisfaction
$BITK~(B fuman dissatisfaction
$B<}$^$k(B osamaru be satisfied
$B0RD%$k(B ibaru be proud, swagger
$B2y$d$`(B kuyamu regret
$B8e2y(B(-) kookai regret (n)
$B;DG0(B(-) zannen regret, chagrin
$B8}2y$7$$(B kuyashii frustrating, regrettable
$BCQ$:$+$7$$(B hazukashii ashamed, shameful
$B6C$/(B odoroku be surprised, frightened
$B%S%C%/%j$9$k(B bikkuri suru be surprised, frightened
$B$O$C$H$9$k(B hatto suru be surprised, frightened
$B0UI=(B ihyoo surprise (n)
$B0UI=$r$D$1$k(B ihyoo o tsukeru surprise (v)
$B62$l$k(B osoreru fear
$B62I](B kyoofu fear
$BI]$,$k(B kowagaru fear
$B62$m$7$$(B osoroshii frightening
$BI]$$(B kowai frightening, fearful
$B?4G[(B(-) shimpai worry, apprehension
$BIT0B(B(-) fuan uneasiness, anxiety
$B0B?4(B(-) anshin relief
$B92$F$k(B awateru be nervous, panic, hurry
$B:$$k(B komaru have problems, be in trouble
$B:$Fq(B konnan troubles
$BG:$`(B nayamu suffer, be annoyed
$B?IJz(B(-) shimboo patience
$B2fK}(B gaman patience, endurance
$BN?$0(B shinogu endure, weather, tide over
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8.2) Thoughts
$B?46-(B shinkyoo mental attitude
$B=i?4(B shoshin the beginner's heart, the
original attitude or
intentions
$B6l?4(B kushin trouble, toils, pains
$BMQ?4(B(-) yooshin care, caution
$B7h?4(B(-) kesshin determination, resolution
$B;W$&(B omou think, have the opinion that
$B;W$$=P$9(B omoidasu remember
$B;W$$=P(B omoide memory, remembrance
$B;WA[(B shisoo thought
$B9M$($k(B kangaeru think (about), consider
$BD99M(B chookoo long deliberation (thinking
long about a move, usually
longer than about 30 minutes)
$B=O9M(B(-) jukukoo, jukkoo due consideration, mature
reflection
$B=ON8(B(-) jukuryo id.
$B9)IW(B(-) kufuu suru contrive, think of (a new plan,
a new move)
$BJ,$+$k(B wakaru be clear; understand
$BCN$C$F$$$k(B shitte iru know
$B0U(B i idea, thought, meaning
$B0UL#(B imi meaning
$B0U;V(B ishi will
$B0UCO(B ichi will-power, perseverance
$B0U8+(B iken opinion
$BCm0U(B(-), $BCmL\(B(-) chuui, chuumoku attention
$BMQ0U(B(-) yooi care, preparation
$BN10U(B(-) ryuui serious consideration
$B@o0U(B seni fighting spirit
$B0U?^!"4k?^(B ito, kito plan
$B?.$8$k(B shinjiru trust, believe
$B?.MQ(B(-) shinyoo trust, confidence
$B<+?.(B($B$,$J$$(B) jishin (ga nai) (have no) (self-)confidence
$B5?$&(B utagau doubt
$BA[A|(B soozoo imagination
$B46A[(B kansoo impression
$BCeA[(B chakusoo idea
$BM}A[(B risoo ideal
$BM=A[(B yosoo expectation
$BM=A[30(B yosoogai unexpected
$BM=Dj(B yotei plan, expectation
$BM=DjDL$j(B yotei-doori as expected
$B$O$+$k(B hakaru plan
$BH=CG$9$k(B handan suru decide, judge, conclude
$B7A@*H=CG(B keisei-handan positional judgement
$B7h$^$k!(7h$a$k(B kimaru; kimeru be decided, be fixed;
decide, settle, fix (vi; vt)
$B7h$9$k(B kessuru decide, judge, settle
$B=E;k$9$k(B juushi suru take into serious consideration
$B7Z;k$9$k(B keishi suru slight, ignore, neglect
$BBU$k(B okotaru neglect, be off guard
$B%\%s%d%j$9$k(B bonyari suru be inattentive, careless
$B9=$&(B kamau care about, pay attention to
$B3P8g(B(-) kakugo insight, expectation,
resignation
$B;!$9$k(B sasuru guess, sense
$B;!CN(B satchi deduction
$B?d;!(B(-) suisatsu guess, deduction
$BF05!(B dooki motive
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9) Professional Shogi
9.1) Organization
$B>-4}=j(B shoogidokoro (Head of) the Board of Shogi
(1612-1866)
$B0l@$L>?M(B ichi-yo meijin First Lifetime Meijin
(Ohashi Sokei, 1555-1634)
$B=*@8L>?M@)(B shuusei meijin-sei Lifetime Meijin system
(1612-1937)
$B?M@)(B jitsuryoku meijin-sei Real Strength Meijin system
(1937- )
$BF|K\>-4}O"LA(B Nihon Shoogi Renmei Japan Shogi Federation
(established in Tokyo, 8-9-'24)
$B;YIt(B shibu local branch, local club
$B?7?J4};N>)Ne2q(B Shinshin Kishi Shoorei-kai Apprentice Professionals' Association
$B=wN.0i@.2q(B Joryuu Ikusei-kai Women's Training Association
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9.2) Periodicals of the J.S.F
$B>-4}@$3&(B Shoogi Sekai (monthly)
$B>-4}%^%,%8%s(B Shoogi Magajin (monthly)
$B>-4}(B($B;YIt5!4X;o(B) Shoogi (Shibu Kikanshi) (Local Branch Quarterly)
$B>-4}G/4U(B Shoogi Nenkan Shogi Yearbook
$B=54V>-4}(B Shuukan Shoogi Shogi Weekly
$B>-4}%8%c!<%J%k(B Shogi Journal (monthly)
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9.3) Teacher and pupil
$B;U(B($B>"(B) shi(shoo) master, teacher
$B;UDo4X78(B shitei-kankei teacher-pupil relationship
$B2f$,;U$N28(B waga shi no on the kindness of my (our)
teacher, the obligation to
my (our) teacher
$BDo;R!"Lg?M(B deshi, monjin pupil
$BDoDo;R(B otooto deshi younger pupil
$BFbDo;R(B uchi deshi private pupil (living in)
$B=$6H;~Be(B shuugyoo jidai the years of study
$BL> meishu expert (also: famous move)
$B wakashu young player
$B@lLg4};N(B semmonkishi professional player
$B>!Ii;N(B shoobushi professional player
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9.4) Ranking
$B5i(B kyuu kyu (lower grade)
$BCJ(B dan dan (higher grade)
A$B5i=g0L@o(B A-kyuu junisen A-class Ranking Match
(winner becomes Meijin
challenger)
(professional dan grades,
from 4th to 9th dan are
determined by the various
Ranking Matches)
~$B@$L>?M(B -- yo meijin -- Lifetime Meijin
(hon. title, nowadays awarded
after winning the Meijin title
five times)
$BA0L>?M(B zen-meijin former meijin
$BB#L>?M(B zoo-meijin postumous meijin
$BL>M@L>?M(B meiyo-meijin honorary meijin
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9.5) Title matches and tournaments
9.5.1) Major matches and tournaments
$BN52&@o(B Ryuuoo-sen (first held in 1988)
(Ryuo...Kio are the seven
major titles)
$BL>?M@o(B Meijin-sen (1937)
$B4}@;@o(B Kisei-sen (Fall 1962)
$B2&0L@o(B Ooi-sen (1960)
$B2&:B@o(B Ooza-sen (1953)
$B2&>-@o(B Ooshoo-sen (1950)
$B4}2&@o(B Kioo-sen (1974)
$B?7?M2&@o(B Shinjin-oo-sen New Stars' King (1970)
$BA4F|K\%W%m%H!<%J%a%s%H(B Zen-Nihon Puro Toonamento All Japan Pro (1982-2001)
$BE72&@o(B Tennoo-sen (1985)
$B%*!<%k%9%?!<>!H4@o(B Ooru-staa Kachi-nuki sen All Stars Tournament (1978)
$BWaka Shishi-sen Young Lions (1977)
$B Waka Goma-sen Young Colts (1978)
$BF|K\%7%j!<%:(B Nihon Shiriizu Japan Series (1980)
$BAa;X$7A*Hayasashi Senshukensen Quick Shogi Championship (1972)
$BAa;X$7?71T@o(B Hayasashi Shineisen Quick Shogi New Pick (1982)
NHK$BGUAhC%@o(B NHK Hai Soodatsusen NHK (Nihon Hoosoo Kai) Cup
(1951)
$B=wN.L>?M0L@o(B Joryuu Meijin'i-sen Women's Meijin Match (1974)
$B=wN.2&>-@o(B Joryuu Ooshoo-sen Women's Osho Match (1978)
$B=wN.2&0L@o(B Joryuu Ooi-sen Women's Oi Match (1989)
$B%l%G%#!<%9(B.$B%*!<%Z%s(B.$B%H!<%J%a%s%H(B Rediisu Oopun Toonamento Ladies Open Tournament (1987)
$B==CJ@o(B Juudan-sen Tenth Dan Match (1962-1987)
$B6eCJ@o(B Kyuudan-sen Ninth Dan Match (1950-1961)
$BL>>-@o(B Meishou-sen (1964-1978)
IBM$BGU=g0L@o>:5iIBM Hai Junisen IBM Cup Battle of the Ranking
$B7cFM@o$$(B Shookyuusha Gekitotsu sen Match Promotions (1989)
$BIY;NDLGU%"%^(B.$B%W%m%H!<%J%a%s%H@o(B Fujitsuu Hai Ama-puro Toonamento-sen Fujitsu Cup Amateur-ProTournament (1989)
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9.5.2) Setting
$B8x<04}@o(B kooshiki kisen formal (title) match
$B8x3+BP6I(B kookai taikyoku public game
$B$*9%$_BP6I(B o-konomi taikyoku friendly game
$BBg2q(B taikai tournament (amateur)
$B%?%$%H%k%^%C%A(B taitoru matchi title match
$BM%>!(B yuushoo championship
$BA*senshukensen championship, title match
$BM=@o(B yosen elimination match,
primary heats
$B0l ichiji yosen the first (elimination)
round
($B=`(B)$B7h>!@o(B (jun)kesshoosen (semi)finals
$BD)@o(B choosen candidate match
$BK\@o(B honsen the actual (title) match
$BGF$r6%$j9g$&(B ha o seriau vie, compete for the
championship
$B==O"GF(B juu rempa winning the championship
ten times in a row
$B4'(B kammuri crown, major title
$B;0(B,$B;M(B,$B8^4'2&(B san-, yon-, go- kan'oo holding 3, 4, 5 titles
$B<:4'(B(-) shikkan loss of major title
$B%+%IHV(B kado-ban match point
$B0l(B,$BFs0L(B ichi-, ni-i first, second place
$B=10L(B shuui succession to the title
$BKI1R(B booei defending the title
$BC% dasshu taking the title, winning the
title
$B>:5i(B(-) shookyuu promotion
$B9_5i(B(-) kookyuu degradation
$B4YMn(B(-) kanraku degradation; fall; defeat
$B=P>l shutsubasha participant(s)
$B%?%$%H%kJ];}taitoru hojisha title holder
$BD)@o choosensha challenger
$BM%>! yuushoosha winner, champion
$BGT haisha loser
$BN)$A9g$$?M(B tachiaijin referee
$B5-O?78(B kiroku-kakari person in charge of the game
record
$BFI$_>e$2$N?M(B yomi-age no hito time keeper (reading off
seconds during byoyomi)
$B95<<(B hikaeshitsu anteroom
$B shusaishi sponsoring newspaper
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9.5.3) Time keeping
$B;~4V(B jikan time; an hour
$B;~(B (1) toki time, moment
(2) ji hour
$BJ,(B fun minute(s)
$BIC(B byoo second(s)
$BICFI$_(B byooyomi reading off the seconds
$B;}$A;~4V(B mochijikan available time
$B>CHq;~4V(B shoohijikan used time
$B;D$j$N;~4V(B nokori no jikan remaining time
$B;~4V@Z$l(B jikangire out of time, expiration of
(available) time
$B0lJ,>-4}(B ippun shoogi one minute Shogi (having
only one minute left for
each move)
$B%N!<%?%$%`$G(B noo taimu de in 'no time' (playing a
move in less than one
minute, so no time is
substracted from the
available time)
$BJs;~$9$k(B hooji suru report the time
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9.6) Special awards
$B>-4}1IM@>^(B Shoogi Eiyo-shoo the Award of Honor
(awarded by the JSF after
600 wins in official
tournaments)
$B>-4}Bg>^(B Shoogi Daishoo The Great Shogi Award
$B:GM%=(4};N>^(B Saiyuushuu Kishi Shoo Award for the Best Player of
the Year
$B^(B Shukunshoo Award for Best Performance
$B4:F.>^(B Kantooshoo Award for Fighting Spirit
$B5;G=>^(B Ginooshoo Award for Technique
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10) Shogi proverbs
10.1) Gyoku/King
$B2&Oote wa oote
Check your checks (lit. A check is a chasing move)
$B2& Oote yori mo shibari (to hisshi)
Squeeze (and hisshi) first, check later
$B6L$N Gyoku no mamori wa kin gin sammai
Defend the king with three generals
$B6LHt6a$9$Y$+$i$:(B
Gyoku hi chikasubekarazu
Don't put king and rook close to each other
$B6L$HHt Gyoku to hisha wa hantai no ichi e
Move king and rook to opposite squares
$B6L$O3Q6Z$rHr$1$h(B
Gyoku wa kakusuji o sake yo
Don't put the king on the bishop's diagonal
$B6L$NAaF($2$OH, Gyoku no hayanige wa hatte no toku ari
Early escape of the king gains eight moves
$B6L$N%3%S%s$rA@$((B
Gyoku no kobin o nerae
Aim at the king's ears
$B6L$OJq$`$h$&$K4s$;$h(B
Gyoku wa tsutsumu yoo ni yose yo
Approach the king by surrounding him
$B6L$NB`O)$rCG$F(B
Gyoku no tairo o tate
Cut off the king's escape route
$B6L$O2 Gyoku wa gedan ni otose
Drive the king to the back rank
$B6L$NJ"$+$i6d$rBG$F(B
Gyoku no hara kara gin o ute
Drop a silver at the king's belly
$B5o6L$OHr$1$h(B
Igyoku wa sake yo
Avoid a sitting king (a sitting king is a sitting duck)
$BC<6L$K$OC Hashigyoku ni wa hashifu
Against the edge king push the edge pawn
$B5o6L$K$OHt Igyoku ni wa hisha yori kaku
Against a sitting king the bishop is stronger than the rook
$B0lCJ6L$K$OFsCJHt Ichidan-gyoku ni wa nidan-hisha
Against the king on the first rank, the rook on the second rank
$BE(Ht$N0LCV$r8+$F<+6L$r0O$((B
Tekihi no ichi o mite jigyoku o kakoe
Castle your king after seeing where the rook moves to
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10/2) Fu/Pawn
$B0lJb@i6b(B
Ichifu senkin
A pawn is worth a thousand golds
$BFsJb@i6b(B
Nifu senkin
A double pawn is worth a thousand golds. (Apocryphal version of (1),
from the cartoon 'Tokin no Shoo-chan' by Shintamo Atsushi.)
$B;0Jb;}$C$?$i7Q$.Jb$HC<96$a(B
San-fu mottara tsugifu to hashizeme
With three pawns in hand, look for a joining pawns attack or an
edge attack
$BJb$N$J$$>-4}$OIi$1>-4}(B
Fu no nai shoogi wa makeshoogi
Without pawns (in hand) the game is lost
$BJb5M$a$K5M$_$"$j(B
Fuzume ni tsumi ari
If there is a mate with a pawn drop, there is a legal mate too
$B;E3]$1$OJb$NFM$- Shikake wa fu no tsukisute kara
Start the fight with a pawn sacrifice
$B-4}$OC Te no nai shoogi wa hashifu o tsuke
If you're stuck for moves, push the edge pawn
$BC<$K Hashi ni te ari
There is always a move at the edge
$BCf9g$KL/ Chuuai ni myooshu ari
Interposing a pawn makes a splendid move
$BFsKg49$($J$iJb$H$b$;$h(B
Nimaigae nara fu to mose yo
Take two pieces for one even if they are pawns
$B$H6b$N$*$=Aa(B
Tokin no osohaya
The tokin is faster than you think
$B#5;0$N$H6b$KIi$1$J$7(B
Go-san no tokin ni make nashi
A tokin on 5c cannot lose
$BHt@h$N8r49;0$D$NF@$"$j(B
Hisaki no kookan mittsu no toku ari
Exchanging the rook pawn has three advantages
$B6bDl$NJb$O4d$h$j8G$7(B
Kinsoko no fu wa iwa yori katashi
A pawn-anchored gold is more solid than a rock
$BJb1[6d$OJb$G Fugoshigin wa fu de uke yo
Against the silver in front of its pawns, defend with a pawn
$BJb1[6d$O5^@o!"JbFb6b$O;}5W@o(B
Fugoshigin wa kyuusen, fu-uchikin wa jikyuusen
Silver in front of its pawns -- quick attack, gold behind its
pawns -- slow game
$BLpAR0O$KC Yaguragakoi ni hashifu o tsuku na
In the Yagura, don't push the edge pawn
$BLpAR0O$KC Yaguragakoi ni hashifu o tsukubeshi
In the Yagura, push the edge pawn
$B2#Jb;0G/$N$o$:$i$$(B
Yokofu sannen no wazurai
To take the side-pawn is to grasp the nettle (obs.)
$B2#Jb$r Yokofu o tore
Just take the side pawn
$B3Q49$o$j>-4}$K#56Z$rFM$/$J(B
Kakugawari shoogi ni go suji o tsuku na
In the Bishop Exchange, don't push the central pawn
$B8x6?$N0LE]$l(B
Kuge no kuraidaore
A vanguard pawn is difficult to maintain (lit. The court noble
can not live up to his rank)
$B#58^$N0L$OE72&;3(B
Go-go no kurai wa Tennoozan
The 5e vanguard pawn is the Tenno Mountain
$B9g$;Jb$G0L$rC%4T(B
Awasefu de kurai o dakkan
Recapture the vanguard pawn with the opposing pawn (tesuji)
$BH~G;0O$$$K$OC<96$a(B
Minoogakoi ni wa hashizeme
Against the Mino, an edge attack
$BLpAR$K$O7Q$.Jb96$a(B
Yagura ni wa tsugifuzume
Against the Yagura, the joining pawns attack
$B>GE@$KJb$rBG$F(B
Shooten ni fu o ute
Drop a pawn on the focal point
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10.3) Kei to kyoo/Knight and Lance
$B7KGO$N9b$H$SJb$N1B?)(B
Keima no takatobi fu no ejiki
The knight that jumps far falls prey to a pawn
$B7KGO$O95$($FBG$F(B
Keima wa hikaete ute
Drop the knight towards the rear
$B;07K$"$l$P5M$^$L$3$H$J$7(B
San-kei areba tsumanu koto nashi
With three knights in hand, there must be a mate
$B9a$O2 Kyoo wa gedan kara ute
Drop the lance on the back rank
$B9a$ON%$7$FBG$F(B
Kyoo wa hanashite ute
Drop the lances at a distance
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10.4) Kin to gin/Gold and Silver
$B6b$J$7>-4}$K Kin nashi shoogi ni uke-te nashi
Without gold in hand there is no defence
$B6b$O;_$a$K;D$;(B
Kin wa todome ni nokose
Save the gold till the end (for the coup the grace)
$B6b$O Kin wa naname ni sasoe
Entice the gold diagonally forwards
$B6b6d$N5U7A$OL56Z$J$j(B
Kin-gin no gyakukei wa musuji nari
With gold and silver reversed (gold standing above silver), you're
bound to get in trouble
$B0lCJ6b$KHt Ichidan kin ni hishasute ari
With a gold on your back rank you can sacrifice the rook
$B6d$O@iD;$K;H$&(B
Gin wa chidori ni tsukae
Use the silver like a plover (moving zigzag)
$BJI6d$rD>$;(B
Kabegin o naose
Mend the wall-silver
$B7K@h$N6dDj@W$J$j(B
Keisaki no gin jooseki nari
Silver at the head of the (opponent's) knight is the standard move
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10.5) Hi to kaku/Rook and Bishop
$BBg6p$O6a$E$1$F Oogoma wa chikazukete uke yo
Defend against major pieces by drawing them closer
$BBg6p$N Oogoma no sute-dokoro kanyoo nari
Don't be afraid to sacrifice major pieces
$BHt3Q$Nl4N?U$J$j(B
Hi-kaku no suteba kanjin nari
Don't be afraid to sacrifice rook or bishop
$B=xHW$OHt Joban wa hisha yori kaku
In the opening the bishop is more important than the rook
$BN5$OE(?X$K!"GO$O<+?X(B
Ryuu wa tekijin ni, uma wa jijin
The dragon to the enemy camp, the horse to your own
$BHt Hisha no yokogiki uke ni tsuyoshi
The sideways action of the rook is strong in defence
$BHt Hisha to gyoku wa kobin ga yowai
Rook and king are weak at the ears
$BHt Hisha no shuhei wa gin
The rook's page is the silver
$B?6Ht Furibisha ni wa kakukookan o nerae
Against the ranging rook aim at bishop exchange
$B3Q$K$O3Q$GBP93(B
Kaku ni wa kaku de taikoo
Oppose bishop with bishop (Against bishop resist with bishop)
$B1s8+$N3Q$KL/ Toomi no kaku ni myooshu ari
With a watchtower bishop there is bound to be a brilliant move
$B;}5W@o$K$O3Q$, Jikyuusen ni wa kaku ga shuuyaku
In a slow game the bishop has the leading role
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10.6) Other
$BE($NBG$A$?$$$H$3$m$XBG$F(B
Teki no uchitai tokoro e ute
Drop where your opponent wants to drop
$BN> Ryootori nigeru ni oyobazu
Don't run from a fork
$BN> Ryootori nigerubekarazu
Don't run from a fork
$BM7$S6p$r3hMQ$;$h(B
Asobigoma o katsuyou se yo
Activate idle pieces
$BIb$-6p$rA@$((B
Ukigoma o nerae
Aim at floating pieces
$BN%$l6p$K Hanaregoma ni te ari
If there are loose pieces, you won't be stuck for a move
$B=*HW!J4s$;!K$O6p$NB;F@$h$jB.EY(B
Shuuban (yose) wa koma no sondoku yori sokudo
In the endgame (yose) speed is more important than material
$B96$a$k$O Semeru wa mamoru nari
Attack is the best defence
$B96$a$J$$>-4}$K>!L\$J$7(B
Seme nai shoogi ni kachime nashi
Without attack, there is no chance of winning
$B96$a$NB->l$r;D$;(B
Seme no ashiba o nokose
Keep the foothold for the attack
$B>!$A>-4}$O54$NG!$7(B
Kachishoogi wa oni no gotoshi
A won game is like a devil
$B$&$^$9$.$kFI$_6Z$K$OCm0U$;$h(B
Umasugiru yomisuji ni wa chuui se yo
Take heed of too skillful lines
$B0- Akushu wa akushu o yobu
A bad move invites more bad moves
$BB/ Zokute ni myooshu ga ari
A vulgar move may be brillian
$B2,L\H,L\(B
Okame hachimoku
The bystander sees the best of the game (Lookers-on always see
more than the players)
$B96$a$OHt3Q6d7K(B
Seme wa hi kaku gin kei
Attack with rook, bishop, silver and knight
$B4s$;$OB/ Yose wa zokute de
In the endgame a vulgar move is alright
$B5M$_$h$jI,;`(B
Tsumi yori hisshi
Hisshi (brinkmate) is better than mate
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Index
1 stroke
$B0l(B
1.1b, 1.3m, 3.1t, 3.1b, 3.2.2t, 4.2b, 5.2.2b, 6.1m, 6.2m, 7.3m
9.5.2m, 9.5.2b, 9.5.3b
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2 strokes
$BCz(B 1.4b, 7.4.1b
$B6e(B 1.1b, 1.3m, 9.5.1b
$BFs(B 1.5b, 3.2.4m, 4.3.3b, 4.4.3b, 9.5.2m
$BF~(B 1.6t, 1.7b, 3.2.1m, 3.2.3t, 3.2.4t, 5.1.3m
$BH,(B 5.1.1t
$BNO(B 1.1b, 4.2m, 5.2.2m
$B==(B 4.5b, 7.4.1t, 9.5.1b, 9.5.2m
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3 strokes
$B2<(B 1.3m, 1.5b, 3.2.1m, 4.3.1t, 5.1.1t, 7.2b
$B4](B 7.3b
$B@i(B 1.6t
$B;0(B 2.3.3t, 3.1t, 4.3.2m, 9.5.2m
$B>e(B 1.5b, 1.7t, 3.2.1m, 5.1.1t, 6.2b
$B8}(B 8.1m
$BBg(B 1.1m, 1.4m, 2.2t, 3.1b, 4.1t, 5.1.1m, 7.3m, 7.4.1t, 7.4.1b,
7.4.2m, 9.5.2t
$B=w(B 4.3.4b, 9.1b, 9.5.1m
$B>.(B 1.4b, 2.3.1m, 5.1.2t, 6.1b, 7.4.2t
$B9)(B 5.2.2m, 8.2t
$B;3(B 4.3b
$BM?(B 5.1.1b, 5.2.3t
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4 strokes
$BIT(B 1.7t, 2.1b, 2.2m, 3.2.2b, 5.2.2m, 5.2.3t, 5.2.4m, 7.3m, 7.4.2m,
7.4.2b, 8.1m, 8.1b
$BCf(B 1.1t, 1.3t, 3.2.1m, 4.3.2t, 4.5t, 5.1.1t, 5.1.1b, 5.1.2t, 5.2.1t
$BM=(B 8.2m, 9.5.2t
$B8_(B 7.3b
$B8^(B 9.5.2m
$BJ,(B 4.2b, 7.1t, 8.2m, 9.5.3t
$B8x(B 9.5.2t
$BFb(B 9.3m
$B@Z(B 3.2.4m, 4.1m, 5.2.2b
$BL^(B 1.6b
$B6h(B 7.3t
$B>#(B 4.3.2m
$BLq(B 5.2.3b, 7.4.2m
$BH?(B 1.6m, 6.1m, 6.2t
$BE7(B 1.2.2b, 4.4.1b, 5.1.2m, 9.5.1m
$BB@(B 1.1m, 7.4.1m
$B0z(B 1.7m, 3.2.1m, 5.1.3b
$B?4(B 7.4.1b, 8.1b
$B1.4m, 1.5t, 2.2b, 3.1t, 3.2.2m, 4.1m, 4.2t, 4.5m, 5.1.2b, 5.2.2b,
5.2.4m, 7.4.1t, 7.4.1m, 7.4.2m
$B;Y(B 6.2m, 9.1b
$BJ}(B 4.1m, 5.1.1t
$BF|(B 1.1t, 9.1m, 9.5.1m
$BLZ(B 4.4.1m
$B7g(B 5.1.2b
$B;_(B 3.2.1m, 5.2.1b, 6.1b, 6.2m
$BHf(B 7.3t
$B?e(B 1.2.3m
$BJR(B 4.4.1t, 4.4.2m
$B2&(B 1.4t, 3.1m, 5.1.1m, 9.5.1t
$B9~(B 3.2.1m
$BJU(B 5.1.1t
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5 strokes
$B@$(B 9.4m
$BI,(B 1.6m, 2.1b, 4.5b, 5.2.3t, 7.4.1m
$B4.1b, 9.5.2b
$BBe(B 2.3.3t, 3.2.4m, 3.2.4b, 4.5m, 5.2.2b
$BBG(B 1.7t, 2.1t, 3.2.2t, 5.2.1b, 6.1m, 6.1b
$B;E(B 4.1m, 5.2.1t
$BJ'(B 3.2.4t
$BB>(B 7.3m
$BK\(B 1.2.2t, 1.2.2m, 2.2b, 3.1m, 4.1m, 4.2m, 7.1b, 9.5.2m
$BB|(B 4.3.1m
$B=P(B 2.3.1t, 3.2.1t, 3.2.1m, 9.5.2m
$B@5(B 2.2m, 3.1b, 7.4.1t
$BHH(B 5.2.4b
$B1z(B 3.2.1m, 4.3.1t
$B6L(B 1.4t, 2.2m, 3.2.3m, 4.3.1b, 4.5b, 5.1.2t
$BJq(B 3.2.1b, 6.1m
$B05(B 5.1.1b
$B4E(B 7.4.2t
$B<}(B 6.2m
$B@8(B 1.7t, 5.1.3t, 5.2.2m
$B2D(B 4.3.4t, 5.2.3t
$BMQ(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1b, 8.2t, 8.2m
$B8E(B 2.2t
$BED(B 4.2t
$B1&(B 1.7m, 4.3.2m, 5.1.1t, 5.1.3m
$BL\(B 1.3t, 1.3m, 4.1m, 5.2.3b, 5.2.4b, 7.4.2m
$BC!(B 3.2.3m, 4.5t
$BLp(B 4.3.3t, 4.4.2t
$B<8(B 4.5m
$B@P(B 2.3.1b, 4.3.2b
$B;M(B 1.3t, 4.3.2m, 4.3.3b, 4.4.1m, 9.5.2m
$B7j(B 4.3.1b, 4.3.2b, 4.3.4b, 4.4.3m, 4.5b, 5.1.2b
$B<:(B 5.2.4m, 7.3b, 8.1m, 9.5.2m
$BN)(B 2.3.1t, 3.2.1t, 5.2.2m, 7.4.1m, 9.5.2b
$B:8(B 1.7m, 4.4.1b, 5.1.1t
$B9*(B 3.1b, 7.4.1t, 7.4.1b
$B8y(B 5.2.4t
$BI[(B 5.1.1m
$BJ?(B 1.5b, 4.3.2t
$B9-(B 5.2.2m
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6 strokes
$B8r(B 3.2.4m
$B0B(B 5.1.1m, 7.4.1m, 8.1b
$BIz(B 2.2b
$B 6.2t
$B0K(B 2.3.3t
$B=.(B 4.4.3t
$B;w(B 7.3t
$B6a(B 3.2.1m
$B9g(B 1.7b, 3.2.1m, 4.1m, 4.1b, 4.5t, 5.1.3t
$B7^(B 5.2.2m, 6.1t
$BEv(B 3.2.4b, 7.4.1m
$B2q(B 7.1b
$B<0(B 4.2t
$B4k(B 8.2m
$B9T(B 1.7b, 3.2.1t, 3.2.1m
$BA4(B 5.1.1t, 9.5.1m
$BK;(B 7.4.2b
$B@h(B 1.5m, 6.1t, 6.2t
$B@.(B 1.4m, 1.7t, 3.2.2b, 4.5t, 5.2.4t
$B=<(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1t
$BN>(B 3.1m, 3.2.4t
$BAa(B 1.1m, 2.2b, 5.1.3b, 5.2.1t, 6.2m, 7.4.1m, 9.5.1m
$BF1(B 1.7b, 4.3.3m, 7.3t
$B:F(B 7.2m
$B6J(B 2.3.1t
$BM-(B 1.1b, 7.3m, 7.4.1t
$B;`(B 2.1b, 6.2b
$B<+(B 1.3t, 4.2t, 4.5m, 5.1.1t, 5.2.4b, 7.1b, 7.4.1m, 7.4.1b, 8.2m
$B5$(B 8.1t
$BAh(B 6.1m
$B5.1.3t
$B;j(B 7.4.1t
$BJF(B 4.3.3m, 4.5b
$B 3.1t, 5.2.1b
$B;e(B 1.2.2b, 5.2.3m
$BNt(B 5.1.1m, 7.3m
$BKI(B 3.1m, 6.2t, 9.5.2b
$B4m(B 5.1t, 5.2.3m, 7.4.2b
$BD_(B 3.2.1m
$BL>(B 9.3b, 9.4t, 9.4b, 9.5.1t, 9.5.1m
$B8~(B 3.2.1m, 4.3.2b
$B2s(B 3.2.3b, 5.2.2b, 6.2m
$B0x(B 1.6m
$BCO(B 1.3t, 4.3.1b, 5.1.1m, 5.1.2t
$B9%(B 1.5t, 3.1m, 4.1m, 4.1b, 4.5t, 5.2.3m, 8.1t, 9.5.2t
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7 strokes
$BMp(B 4.1t, 6.1b
$B2f(B 4.2t, 7.4.1b, 8.1b, 9.3t
$B0L(B 4.3.1b, 5.1.2m, 5.1.3m
$BLa(B 3.2.1m
$B:n(B 2.2t, 4.1t
$BH4(B 3.2.1m, 3.2.4m, 8.1t
$B?-(B 3.2.3m, 5.2.2m
$BEj(B 1.6b, 3.2.2b, 7.2m
$BM>(B 2.2b, 5.2.3t, 6.2b
$B5;(B 4.1b, 9.6b
$BMh(B 3.2.1m
$BM^(B 5.2.2m
$BNd(B 7.4.1b
$B5q(B 5.2.2b, 6.2t
$BJL(B 2.2b, 7.3t
$BB-(B 5.1.2m
$BH=(B 8.2b
$B?I(B 1.6m, 7.4.2m, 8.1b
$B=u(B 6.2m
$B6Q(B 4.1b
$B0O(B 3.2.3t, 4.4.1t, 4.4.2t, 5.2.2t
$B<}(B 5.2.1b, 8.1m
$B2~(B 5.2.2b
$B:$(B 5.2.3b, 8.1b
$BBP(B 1.5t, 4.1m, 5.2.2b, 6.2m
$B?^(B 2.2t, 7.2
$B:`(B 1.2.2t
$B@V(B 1.2.2b
$B7h(B 4.1t, 8.2t, 8.2b, 9.5.2t
$B 2.3.3b
$BD@(B 7.4.1b
$BL/(B 3.1b, 4.1b
$B5a(B 5.2.3t
$B40(B 1.6m, 2.2t, 2.3.1b, 5.2.2m, 6.2m
$BMx(B 5.1.1m, 7.3m
$B9M(B 8.2t
$BF&(B 2.3.1m
$B4N(B 7.4.1m
$BAv(B 3.2.3b
$BNI(B 4.1m, 7.4.1t
$B6I(B 1.5t, 5.1.1m
$BB((B 1.6t, 2.1t, 2.2b
$B4t(B 4.2b
$B7](B 4.1b
$B:R(B 5.2.4b
$B=i(B 1.1b, 2.2m, 3.1m, 8.2t
$B96(B 3.1m, 4.1m, 5.1.2m, 6.1t
$B8+(B 3.2.4m, 5.2.4t, 6.1m, 7.4.1m
$B3Q(B 1.3b, 1.4t, 3.2.4b, 4.3.1b, 4.3.4m, 4.5m, 5.1.2t
$B4u(B 8.1m
$B1~(B 5.2.2b, 6.2t
$BGw(B 5.2.2m, 6.1m
$B=x(B 5.2.1t
$BAK(B 6.2m
$B7A(B 1.6b, 4.1m, 5.1.1m, 8.2b
$B2w(B 1.6m
$B4w(B 5.2.2b
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8 strokes
$B;v(B 5.2.2m
$BL@(B 7.4.1m
$BLH(B 6.2m
$B>:(B 9.5.2m
$BL?(B 7.4.2b
$BHD(B 1.2.2m
$BJB(B 3.2.1m
$BKg(B 1.4b
$BDo(B 9.3m
$BGU(B 9.5.1m, 9.5.1b
$B<~(B 5.1.1t
$B2L(B 7.4.1b
$B@)(B 5.1.1b, 5.2.2m, 6.2m
$BJb(B 1.4m, 4.5t, 4.5m, 5.1.3b
$B;I(B 6.1b
$B5c(B 5.1.2b
$B8z(B 5.1.1m
$BD9(B 1.2.3b, 2.2b, 5.2.2m, 8.2t
$B6((B 4.1m
$B8B(B 4.5b
$B;2(B 7.2t
$B<#(B 5.2.2m
$BL#(B 4.1m
$BCm(B 8.2m
$BRk(B 5.2.4b
$B 2.2m, 4.1m, 6.2t
$B8G(B 5.2.2m
$BA@(B 3.1t, 4.1m
$B?b(B 3.2.3m, 4.5t
$BLU(B 5.2.4m
$B4q(B 3.1b, 4.3.4t, 6.1t
$BD>(B 1.7.m
$B;O(B 5.2.1m
$BCN(B 8.2m
$B 2.2t, 4.1t, 5.2.4t, 7.1b, 9.1m
$B6u(B 3.2.2b, 4.3.1m, 4.4.3b, 5.1.2m
$B5U(B 4.1b, 4.4.1b, 5.2.2b, 6.1t, 7.2b
$BFM(B 2.1t, 3.2.3t, 4.5t, 6.1m
$B3.2.4t, 4.1b
$B6b(B 1.4t, 2.3.1m, 4.3.4b, 4.4.2t, 4.5m, 5.1.3b
$B6l(B 4.1t, 7.4.2m, 8.2t
$B9.3b, 9.5.1m
$BDj(B 4.1m
$B8W(B 1.2.2b
$B5o(B 3.2.1m, 4.3.1t, 4.3.1b, 5.1.3t, 5.1.3b
$BB`(B 3.2.1m, 4.5b, 5.2.2t, 6.2m
$BDI(B 2.2b, 3.2.1m, 6.1m, 6.2m
$BDl(B 5.1.3m
$BF((B 3.2.1m, 4.5b, 5.2.4m, 6.2m
$B1d(B 3.2.3m, 5.2.2m
$BAw(B 4.5m
$BI](B 7.4.2b, 8.1b
$BLB(B 5.2.3b, 5.2.4b
$B=j(B 5.1.2m
$BHs(B 5.1.1m
$BDq(B 6.2m
$B5r(B 5.1.2m
$B2!(B 5.2.2t, 6.1b, 6.2m
$BJ|(B 5.2.2m
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9 strokes
$B?.(B 8.2m
$BAj(B 1.5m, 4.3.1t, 4.3.2b, 7.4.1m
$BB/(B 3.1b
$B1I(B 9.6t
$BJ](B 5.2.2m, 7.3b, 9.5.2b
$B=@(B 7.4.1m
$B?/(B 6.1m
$BCJ(B 1.3m, 9.4t
$BA0(B 5.2.2m, 9.4b
$B3h(B 5.2.2m
$B4'(B 9.5.2m
$B69(B 5.2.2m
$BIw(B 1.1b, 4.3.2t
$BDA(B 4.3.4b
$B8|(B 4.1m, 7.4.1m
$BH/(B 5.2.4m
$BC1(B 5.1.3m
$B>J(B 5.2.2m
$B7?(B 4.2m, 5.1.1m
$B8&(B 7.1t
$BJQ(B 2.2b, 4.2m, 4.3.1m, 5.2.2b
$BIC(B 9.5.3m
$B5i(B 9.4t
$BAU(B 5.2.4t
$BH~(B 4.4.1t, 5.1.2m
$B8I(B 5.1.3t
$BGX(B 5.1.2t
$BIu(B 3.1m, 6.2m
$B9S(B 4.1b
$B@l(B 9.3b
$BMW(B 5.1.2m, 5.2.3t
$B4,(B 1.2.3b
$BIi(B 1.6m
$B2v(B 3.2.3b
$BDL(B 1.1m, 3.2.1m
$B8e(B 1.5m, 3.2.1m, 5.2.1m, 5.2.2t, 8.1m
$B9a(B 1.4m, 4.5m
$BO"(B 1.6m, 2.3.2t, 3.1m, 3.2.2t, 4.1m, 4.5t, 5.1.1m, 5.2.1m
$B?)(B 6.1b, 6.2b
$BBT(B 5.2.2m, 5.2.3m, 8.1m
$BB.(B 4.1m, 6.1t, 7.4.1m
$B;W(B 7.4.1b, 8.2t
$BES(B 7.2m
$BBU(B 8.2b
$B=E(B 3.2.2m, 4.5m, 5.1.1b, 7.4.1m, 7.4.2m, 8.2b
$B5^(B 4.1t, 4.3.3t, 5.1.2m, 5.2.2m, 5.2.3m, 7.4.2b
$B4Y(B 4.1m, 9.5.2m
$B0R(B 5.1.1b, 6.1m, 8.1m
$B9_(B 1.6b, 9.5.2m
$B;X(B 1.1t, 1.5t, 2.2t, 3.2.1t
$BLL(B 5.2.3b, 7.4.1m, 7.4.2m
$BHt(B 1.3b, 1.4t, 2.3.1m, 3.2.3m, 3.2.4m, 4.3.3b, 4.5m, 4.5b
$B;}(B 1.4b, 1.6t, 2.2m, 2.3.2m, 4.1t, 4.1b, 9.5.3m
$BD)(B 6.1m, 9.5.2m, 9.5.2b
$BKo(B 1.2.2m
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10 strokes
$B=$(B 9.3m
$BMa(B 6.2b
$B8u(B 2.2m
$B>-(B 1.1t, 1.2.1t, 2.3.3m, 4.2m,7.3b, 9.1t, 9.6t
$B7s(B 4.1b
$BN?(B 6.2b, 8.1b
$BFC(B 4.1b
$BGm(B 2.3.2t, 3.2.4t
$BN1(B 8.2m
$B86(B 4.3.1m, 4.3.2t, 4.4.3m
$BGK(B 5.2.4m, 6.1m
$BMF(B 7.4.1m
$BHk(B 3.1m, 4.1m
$B32(B 6.1m
$BI3(B 3.2.4b
$BE8(B 5.2.2t
$B54(B 3.1b, 4.3.4t
$B;U(B 9.3t
$B=c(B 4.3.1m
$B5.1.2b, 5.2.2m, 7.4.2t, 8.1t
$BJ6(B 5.2.4b
$BAG(B 3.2.4m, 7.4.1m, 7.4.2t
$B2y(B 8.1m
$Bf+(B 4.1m
$BG:(B 6.1m, 8.1b
$B:9(B 3.2.1t, 7.3m
$B62(B 8.1b
$B=q(B 1.2.2t, 1.2.3t
$BCQ(B 8.1m
$BOF(B 1.2.1b, 5.1.2t
$B?6(B 1.5m, 3.2.3b, 4.3.2b
$B6<(B 6.1m
$BJa(B 3.2.4t
$BB5(B 4.3.1b
$B3.2.4m, 4.5b
$BHo(B 6.1m
$B64(B 6.1m
$BF$(B 3.2.4t
$B9b(B 4.1m, 4.4.1m, 4.5m
$B5-(B 9.5.2b
$B:C(B 5.2.4m
$B5/(B 6.2b
$B;+(B 5.2.2t
$B?J(B 3.2.1m, 5.2.2t
$B;~(B 1.2.1b, 9.5.3
$B=5(B 9.2b
$B6M(B 1.2.1b, 1.2.2m
$B0o(B 5.2.4m
$B7K(B 1.2.2m, 1.4t, 4.5m
$BET(B 2.3.1m
$B7,(B 1.2.2m
$BE#(B 3.2.1b
$B;D(B 2.1b, 6.2b, 8.1m, 9.5.3m
$BGO(B 1.4m, 2.3.2b, 7.4.2b
$BN5(B 1.4m, 2.3.2b, 9.5.1t
$B9.6m
$B;&(B 6.1b
$BIb(B 3.2.4b, 4.3.1t, 5.1.3t
$BN.(B 4.2t, 4.4.2b
$B>C(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.2b, 9.5.3m
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11 strokes
$B8#(B 6.2m
$BK>(B 8.1m
$BF0(B 3.2.1t, 8.2b
$B0[(B 7.3t
$B4p(B 4.1m, 5.1.2m, 7.2t
$BEp(B 2.2m
$B7x(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1m
$B@9(B 1.2.2b, 3.2.1m, 5.2.2t
$B4s(B 1.7m, 3.2.1m, 4.1m, 5.2m
$BLT(B 6.1t
$B0\(B 3.2.1b
$B>o(B 3.1m, 4.1m
$B:v(B 4.1m
$BJx(B 4.5t, 6.1b
$BG4(B 6.2b, 7.4.1m
$BD%(B 5.1.3m
$B:Y(B 1.2.3b
$BD&(B 1.2.2b
$B=*(B 5.2.1t, 5.2.1b, 9.1t
$B6/(B 3.1b, 5.2.2m, 6.1t, 6.1m, 7.4.1t, 8.1t
$BD;(B 1.1m
$B2+(B 1.2.2t
$BF@(B 4.1m, 7.3b
$BAH(B 3.1t, 5.2.2t
$B=Q(B 4.1m
$B>R(B 7.1t
$B0-(B 3.1b, 4.1m, 7.4.2t
$BC&(B 6.2b
$BL{(B 7.4.1m
$BI)(B 4.4.3m
$B?x(B 3.2.1m
$B5v(B 5.2.2b
$BN+(B 3.2.4t
$BGT(B 1.6b, 3.1b, 5.1.1m, 9.5.2b
$BGS(B 3.2.4m
$BIO(B 2.3.1m
$B95(B 4.5m, 5.2.2b, 9.5.2b
$BFp(B 7.4.1m
$BC5(B 7.1t
$B;B(B 6.1b
$B7!(B 7.1m
$BE>(B 3.2.1b, 5.2.2b
$B?}(B 4.3.3m
$BF;(B 1.1t, 5.2.1m
$B@c(B 1.3b
$B1?(B 5.2.2m
$B?d(B 8.2b
$BCY(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1m
$B5_(B 6.2b
$BC#(B 5.2.4t
$BCG(B 6.2m
$BM7(B 5.1.1b, 5.1.3t
$BM_(B 8.1m
$BD`(B 3.2.1m
$B@6(B 3.2.4m
$BLd(B 2.2m, 7.2t
$B:.(B 4.1t, 6.1b
$BJD(B 6.1m
$B:Q(B 5.2b
$BM[(B 4.1t
$B=B(B 7.4.1m
$B6y(B 1.3b
$BM}(B 1.1b, 5.1.1m, 7.1m, 8.2m
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12 strokes
$BHw(B 6.2t
$B@d(B 3.1m, 7.4.1m, 8.1m
$B3d(B 3.2.2m, 4.5m
$B9J(B 6.1m
$BAO(B 2.2t
$B7k(B 7.1m
$B4g(B 4.3.1b, 4.4.3t
$BCe(B 2.1m, 3.1b, 5.2.1m, 7.4.1m, 8.2m
$B5J(B 6.2b
$B>l(B 1.1t, 5.1.2m
$B>!(B 1.6t, 3.1m, 3.1b, 5.1.1m, 7.3b, 9.3b, 9.5.1m
$BJs(B 9.5.3b
$BIY(B 9.5.1b
$BOS(B 6.1b
$B?R(B 5.2.3t
$BMn(B 1.5b, 3.2.1m, 4.1m, 7.4.1b
$B=g(B 4.1m, 9.4m
$BJd(B 5.2.2m
$B8f(B 1.2.2t
$B3P(B 8.2b
$B92(B 8.1b
$BI>(B 7.1m
$B49(B 3.2.4m
$B>](B 1.1t
$B1g(B 6.2m
$BD6(B 1.1m
$B4:(B 9.6b
$B7Z(B 3.1m, 7.4.1m, 7.4.1b, 7.4.2b, 8.2b
$BBX(B 3.2.4m
$B:G(B 3.1m
$B1s(B 3.2.1m, 5.1.3b
$B4}(B 1.1, 1.2.1t, 5.1.1m, 7.1m, 9.5.1t
$B0c(B 4.5t, 7.3t
$BHV(B 9.5.2m
$BK@(B 4.3.1m, 4.3.4b, 5.1.3b
$B3+(B 3.1m, 5.2t, 5.2.1m
$B8!(B 7.1t
$B4V(B 5.1.2b, 5.2.2m, 5.2.4b,7.4.2m
$B?9(B 4.3.4b
$BEO(B 3.2.4m
$B>G(B 4.5t, 4.5b, 5.1.2m, 5.2.2m
$BK~(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.1t, 8.1m
$BL5(B 2.3.1b, 4.1m, 5.2.2m, 7.4.1b, 7.4.2t, 7.4.2b
$B=8(B 5.2.2m
$BDK(B 3.2.2m, 7.4.2m
$B6Z(B 1.3b, 4.1m, 4.3.1m, 4.3.1b
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13 strokes
$BF/(B 5.1.1b
$BB3(B 5.2.1m
$B=}(B 5.1.2b
$BCV(B 1.4b, 2.2m
$B:E(B 5.2.2m
$B:a(B 5.2.4b
$B@*(B 5.1.1b
$B9x(B 4.3.1t
$B7y(B 4.1m, 7.4.2m, 8.1t
$BJ"(B 5.1.2t
$B>)(B 9.1b
$BMg(B 2.3.1t, 5.1.3m
$BHy(B 3.1b, 7.3m, 7.4.1m
$B2r(B 2.2m, 7.1t
$B?5(B 7.4.1b
$B;n(B 5.2.3t
$B46(B 4.1t, 8.1t, 8.2m
$B5M(B 1.6t, 2.1t, 2.2t, 2.2b, 2.3.3m, 3.2.1m, 5.2.2m
$BA[(B 8.2m
$B@o(B 1.5t, 4.1t, 4.1m, 8.2m
$BD7(B 1.4b, 3.2.3b, 5.2.2b
$B3S(B 7.3t
$BB;(B 7.3b
$BE,(B 7.4.1t
$B?7(B 3.1m, 9.1b, 9.5.1t
$B6.2m
$BDX(B 1.2.2m
$B7d(B 5.1.2b
$B3Z(B 1.6m, 7.4.1m, 8.1m
$B:](B 7.4.2b
$B=`(B 3.1m, 9.5.2t
$B0U(B 8.1m, 8.2m
$B8;(B 1.2.3m
$B4h(B 6.2b
$BN/(B 5.2.2m
$BF\(B 2.1b, 5.2.2m
$BHQ(B 5.2.3b
$B>~(B 1.6m, 2.2m
$B1l(B 2.3.1t
$B6X(B 3.1m
$B@Q(B 7.4.1b
$B7Q(B 4.5t, 5.2.1m
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14 strokes
$BC%(B 6.1m, 9.5.2m
$B;!(B 8.2b
$B9=(B 2.2t, 5.2.2t, 8.2b
$BLO(B 5.1.1m
$B5?(B 3.1b, 7.4.2t, 8.2m
$BC<(B 1.3b
$BN}(B 1.5t
$B9K(B 5.2.3m
$Be:(B 7.4.1m
$BJ#(B 7.4.2m
$B@b(B 7.1t
$B8m(B 5.2.4b, 7.4.2t
$BFI(B 7.1b, 9.5.2b
$BA*(B 9.5.2m
$B6d(B 1.2.2m, 1.4t, 4.3.2t, 4.3.3t, 4.3.3b, 4.4.1t, 4.4.1m, 4.4.2b,
4.4.3t, 4.4.3b, 4.5m, 5.1.3b
$B@E(B 7.4.1b
$BBL(B 7.4.2t
$B1X(B 4.3.1t
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15 strokes
$B1F(B 5.1.1b
$B4K(B 3.1b, 5.2.2m, 7.4.2t
$B>W(B 6.1m
$BD4(B 4.1b, 7.1t
$B7b(B 6.1t
$BM6(B 5.2.2b
$BE((B 1.1b, 1.3t, 5.1.1t
$B 3.2.4b, 5.1.3t
$BK=(B 6.1b
$B>^(B 9.6
$B2#(B 4.3.1m, 5.1.1b
$B2.2t
$BMM(B 5.1.1m
$B4T(B 2.3.1t
$BDY(B 6.1b
$BHr(B 5.2.2b, 6.2m
$BG.(B 4.1t
$B:?(B 4.3.1t
$BL[(B 5.2.2m
$B1B(B 4.1m
$B=O(B 8.2t
$B6p(B 1.2.1m, 1.2.2t, 1.2.2b, 1.5b, 2.2b, 2.3.1m, 3.2.4b
$BHW(B 1.2.1t, 1.3t, 1.4b, 2.2m, 2.3.1t, 5.1.1t
$B3N(B 5.2.2m
$B2:(B 7.4.1b
$B5g(B 4.1m, 5.2.2m, 5.2.3b
$BH"(B 4.4.3t
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16 strokes
$B6E(B 4.1m
$BJI(B 5.1.3m
$B5!(B 5.2.3m, 7.4.1b
$B@0(B 5.2.2m
$B7c(B 6.1m, 7.4.1t
$B1.(B 5.2.3m
$BC[(B 5.2.2t
$B=D(B 4.3.1m
$BGv(B 5.2.2m, 7.4.2m
$BF,(B 4.5m, 5.1.2t, 5.1.3b
$B6S(B 1.2.3t
$B:x(B 5.2.4b
$B5x(B 2.3.2b
$B;'(B 1.2.2t
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17 strokes and more
$BM%(B 1.6m, 5.1.1m, 7.3m, 9.5.2t, 9.5.2b
$B87(B 7.4.1t
$B5>(B 3.2.4m
$BAm(B 4.4.2b
$B22(B 7.4.2b
$B4J(B 7.4.1m
$B4Q(B 7.1b
$BB#(B 9.4b
$BF.(B 4.1t
$BFq(B 4.1t, 5.2.3m, 7.4.2m
$BN`(B 2.2m
$B7+(B 3.2.3b
$BGF(B 9.5.2m
$BIh(B 1.1m, 1.3t
$BN%(B 3.2.4b, 4.5b, 5.1.3t
$B6A(B 5.1.1b
$B4j(B 8.1m
$B7|(B 7.4.2b
$B6%(B 6.1m, 9.5.2m
$B6C(B 8.1m
$B=1(B 6.1t, 9.5.2m
$B:m(B 4.3.1b