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Ethanol, the main component of alcoholic beverages, is rapidly absorbed by the body: approximately 20% through the stomach and the remaining 80% in the small intestine, entering the bloodstream and reaching its peak concentration between 30 and 90 minutes after ingestion. Due to its small and liposoluble nature, it easily crosses the blood-brain barrier, altering brain neurotransmission. Its main effect is to enhance the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA and block the action of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, which reduces central nervous system activity and leads to decreased reflexes, motor coordination, and cognitive ability. Additionally, it increases dopamine release in the brain’s reward system, producing euphoria and disinhibition. These effects vary depending on blood alcohol concentration (BAC): from mild relaxation (<0.03%) to severe intoxication (>0.30%) and even the risk of coma (>0.40%). Finally, the liver metabolizes approximately 90% of ethanol at a constant rate, converting it into acetaldehyde and then into acetate, while the rest is eliminated through urine, sweat, and respiration.